Merge tag 'net-next-6.3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/net-nextgrafted

Pull networking updates from Jakub Kicinski:
 "Core:

   - Add dedicated kmem_cache for typical/small skb->head, avoid having
     to access struct page at kfree time, and improve memory use.

   - Introduce sysctl to set default RPS configuration for new netdevs.

   - Define Netlink protocol specification format which can be used to
     describe messages used by each family and auto-generate parsers.
     Add tools for generating kernel data structures and uAPI headers.

   - Expose all net/core sysctls inside netns.

   - Remove 4s sleep in netpoll if carrier is instantly detected on
     boot.

   - Add configurable limit of MDB entries per port, and port-vlan.

   - Continue populating drop reasons throughout the stack.

   - Retire a handful of legacy Qdiscs and classifiers.

  Protocols:

   - Support IPv4 big TCP (TSO frames larger than 64kB).

   - Add IP_LOCAL_PORT_RANGE socket option, to control local port range
     on socket by socket basis.

   - Track and report in procfs number of MPTCP sockets used.

   - Support mixing IPv4 and IPv6 flows in the in-kernel MPTCP path
     manager.

   - IPv6: don't check net.ipv6.route.max_size and rely on garbage
     collection to free memory (similarly to IPv4).

   - Support Penultimate Segment Pop (PSP) flavor in SRv6 (RFC8986).

   - ICMP: add per-rate limit counters.

   - Add support for user scanning requests in ieee802154.

   - Remove static WEP support.

   - Support minimal Wi-Fi 7 Extremely High Throughput (EHT) rate
     reporting.

   - WiFi 7 EHT channel puncturing support (client & AP).

  BPF:

   - Add a rbtree data structure following the "next-gen data structure"
     precedent set by recently added linked list, that is, by using
     kfunc + kptr instead of adding a new BPF map type.

   - Expose XDP hints via kfuncs with initial support for RX hash and
     timestamp metadata.

   - Add BPF_F_NO_TUNNEL_KEY extension to bpf_skb_set_tunnel_key to
     better support decap on GRE tunnel devices not operating in collect
     metadata.

   - Improve x86 JIT's codegen for PROBE_MEM runtime error checks.

   - Remove the need for trace_printk_lock for bpf_trace_printk and
     bpf_trace_vprintk helpers.

   - Extend libbpf's bpf_tracing.h support for tracing arguments of
     kprobes/uprobes and syscall as a special case.

   - Significantly reduce the search time for module symbols by
     livepatch and BPF.

   - Enable cpumasks to be used as kptrs, which is useful for tracing
     programs tracking which tasks end up running on which CPUs in
     different time intervals.

   - Add support for BPF trampoline on s390x and riscv64.

   - Add capability to export the XDP features supported by the NIC.

   - Add __bpf_kfunc tag for marking kernel functions as kfuncs.

   - Add cgroup.memory=nobpf kernel parameter option to disable BPF
     memory accounting for container environments.

  Netfilter:

   - Remove the CLUSTERIP target. It has been marked as obsolete for
     years, and we still have WARN splats wrt races of the out-of-band
     /proc interface installed by this target.

   - Add 'destroy' commands to nf_tables. They are identical to the
     existing 'delete' commands, but do not return an error if the
     referenced object (set, chain, rule...) did not exist.

  Driver API:

   - Improve cpumask_local_spread() locality to help NICs set the right
     IRQ affinity on AMD platforms.

   - Separate C22 and C45 MDIO bus transactions more clearly.

   - Introduce new DCB table to control DSCP rewrite on egress.

   - Support configuration of Physical Layer Collision Avoidance (PLCA)
     Reconciliation Sublayer (RS) (802.3cg-2019). Modern version of
     shared medium Ethernet.

   - Support for MAC Merge layer (IEEE 802.3-2018 clause 99). Allowing
     preemption of low priority frames by high priority frames.

   - Add support for controlling MACSec offload using netlink SET.

   - Rework devlink instance refcounts to allow registration and
     de-registration under the instance lock. Split the code into
     multiple files, drop some of the unnecessarily granular locks and
     factor out common parts of netlink operation handling.

   - Add TX frame aggregation parameters (for USB drivers).

   - Add a new attr TCA_EXT_WARN_MSG to report TC (offload) warning
     messages with notifications for debug.

   - Allow offloading of UDP NEW connections via act_ct.

   - Add support for per action HW stats in TC.

   - Support hardware miss to TC action (continue processing in SW from
     a specific point in the action chain).

   - Warn if old Wireless Extension user space interface is used with
     modern cfg80211/mac80211 drivers. Do not support Wireless
     Extensions for Wi-Fi 7 devices at all. Everyone should switch to
     using nl80211 interface instead.

   - Improve the CAN bit timing configuration. Use extack to return
     error messages directly to user space, update the SJW handling,
     including the definition of a new default value that will benefit
     CAN-FD controllers, by increasing their oscillator tolerance.

  New hardware / drivers:

   - Ethernet:
      - nVidia BlueField-3 support (control traffic driver)
      - Ethernet support for imx93 SoCs
      - Motorcomm yt8531 gigabit Ethernet PHY
      - onsemi NCN26000 10BASE-T1S PHY (with support for PLCA)
      - Microchip LAN8841 PHY (incl. cable diagnostics and PTP)
      - Amlogic gxl MDIO mux

   - WiFi:
      - RealTek RTL8188EU (rtl8xxxu)
      - Qualcomm Wi-Fi 7 devices (ath12k)

   - CAN:
      - Renesas R-Car V4H

  Drivers:

   - Bluetooth:
      - Set Per Platform Antenna Gain (PPAG) for Intel controllers.

   - Ethernet NICs:
      - Intel (1G, igc):
         - support TSN / Qbv / packet scheduling features of i226 model
      - Intel (100G, ice):
         - use GNSS subsystem instead of TTY
         - multi-buffer XDP support
         - extend support for GPIO pins to E823 devices
      - nVidia/Mellanox:
         - update the shared buffer configuration on PFC commands
         - implement PTP adjphase function for HW offset control
         - TC support for Geneve and GRE with VF tunnel offload
         - more efficient crypto key management method
         - multi-port eswitch support
      - Netronome/Corigine:
         - add DCB IEEE support
         - support IPsec offloading for NFP3800
      - Freescale/NXP (enetc):
         - support XDP_REDIRECT for XDP non-linear buffers
         - improve reconfig, avoid link flap and waiting for idle
         - support MAC Merge layer
      - Other NICs:
         - sfc/ef100: add basic devlink support for ef100
         - ionic: rx_push mode operation (writing descriptors via MMIO)
         - bnxt: use the auxiliary bus abstraction for RDMA
         - r8169: disable ASPM and reset bus in case of tx timeout
         - cpsw: support QSGMII mode for J721e CPSW9G
         - cpts: support pulse-per-second output
         - ngbe: add an mdio bus driver
         - usbnet: optimize usbnet_bh() by avoiding unnecessary queuing
         - r8152: handle devices with FW with NCM support
         - amd-xgbe: support 10Mbps, 2.5GbE speeds and rx-adaptation
         - virtio-net: support multi buffer XDP
         - virtio/vsock: replace virtio_vsock_pkt with sk_buff
         - tsnep: XDP support

   - Ethernet high-speed switches:
      - nVidia/Mellanox (mlxsw):
         - add support for latency TLV (in FW control messages)
      - Microchip (sparx5):
         - separate explicit and implicit traffic forwarding rules, make
           the implicit rules always active
         - add support for egress DSCP rewrite
         - IS0 VCAP support (Ingress Classification)
         - IS2 VCAP filters (protos, L3 addrs, L4 ports, flags, ToS
           etc.)
         - ES2 VCAP support (Egress Access Control)
         - support for Per-Stream Filtering and Policing (802.1Q,
           8.6.5.1)

   - Ethernet embedded switches:
      - Marvell (mv88e6xxx):
         - add MAB (port auth) offload support
         - enable PTP receive for mv88e6390
      - NXP (ocelot):
         - support MAC Merge layer
         - support for the the vsc7512 internal copper phys
      - Microchip:
         - lan9303: convert to PHYLINK
         - lan966x: support TC flower filter statistics
         - lan937x: PTP support for KSZ9563/KSZ8563 and LAN937x
         - lan937x: support Credit Based Shaper configuration
         - ksz9477: support Energy Efficient Ethernet
      - other:
         - qca8k: convert to regmap read/write API, use bulk operations
         - rswitch: Improve TX timestamp accuracy

   - Intel WiFi (iwlwifi):
      - EHT (Wi-Fi 7) rate reporting
      - STEP equalizer support: transfer some STEP (connection to radio
        on platforms with integrated wifi) related parameters from the
        BIOS to the firmware.

   - Qualcomm 802.11ax WiFi (ath11k):
      - IPQ5018 support
      - Fine Timing Measurement (FTM) responder role support
      - channel 177 support

   - MediaTek WiFi (mt76):
      - per-PHY LED support
      - mt7996: EHT (Wi-Fi 7) support
      - Wireless Ethernet Dispatch (WED) reset support
      - switch to using page pool allocator

   - RealTek WiFi (rtw89):
      - support new version of Bluetooth co-existance

   - Mobile:
      - rmnet: support TX aggregation"

* tag 'net-next-6.3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/net-next: (1872 commits)
  page_pool: add a comment explaining the fragment counter usage
  net: ethtool: fix __ethtool_dev_mm_supported() implementation
  ethtool: pse-pd: Fix double word in comments
  xsk: add linux/vmalloc.h to xsk.c
  sefltests: netdevsim: wait for devlink instance after netns removal
  selftest: fib_tests: Always cleanup before exit
  net/mlx5e: Align IPsec ASO result memory to be as required by hardware
  net/mlx5e: TC, Set CT miss to the specific ct action instance
  net/mlx5e: Rename CHAIN_TO_REG to MAPPED_OBJ_TO_REG
  net/mlx5: Refactor tc miss handling to a single function
  net/mlx5: Kconfig: Make tc offload depend on tc skb extension
  net/sched: flower: Support hardware miss to tc action
  net/sched: flower: Move filter handle initialization earlier
  net/sched: cls_api: Support hardware miss to tc action
  net/sched: Rename user cookie and act cookie
  sfc: fix builds without CONFIG_RTC_LIB
  sfc: clean up some inconsistent indentings
  net/mlx4_en: Introduce flexible array to silence overflow warning
  net: lan966x: Fix possible deadlock inside PTP
  net/ulp: Remove redundant ->clone() test in inet_clone_ulp().
  ...

1 files changed, 328 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/Documentation/driver-api/usb/writing_usb_driver.rst b/Documentation/driver-api/usb/writing_usb_driver.rst
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..95c4f5d14
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/driver-api/usb/writing_usb_driver.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,328 @@
+.. _writing-usb-driver:
+
+==========================
+Writing USB Device Drivers
+==========================
+
+:Author: Greg Kroah-Hartman
+
+Introduction
+============
+
+The Linux USB subsystem has grown from supporting only two different
+types of devices in the 2.2.7 kernel (mice and keyboards), to over 20
+different types of devices in the 2.4 kernel. Linux currently supports
+almost all USB class devices (standard types of devices like keyboards,
+mice, modems, printers and speakers) and an ever-growing number of
+vendor-specific devices (such as USB to serial converters, digital
+cameras, Ethernet devices and MP3 players). For a full list of the
+different USB devices currently supported, see Resources.
+
+The remaining kinds of USB devices that do not have support on Linux are
+almost all vendor-specific devices. Each vendor decides to implement a
+custom protocol to talk to their device, so a custom driver usually
+needs to be created. Some vendors are open with their USB protocols and
+help with the creation of Linux drivers, while others do not publish
+them, and developers are forced to reverse-engineer. See Resources for
+some links to handy reverse-engineering tools.
+
+Because each different protocol causes a new driver to be created, I
+have written a generic USB driver skeleton, modelled after the
+pci-skeleton.c file in the kernel source tree upon which many PCI
+network drivers have been based. This USB skeleton can be found at
+drivers/usb/usb-skeleton.c in the kernel source tree. In this article I
+will walk through the basics of the skeleton driver, explaining the
+different pieces and what needs to be done to customize it to your
+specific device.
+
+Linux USB Basics
+================
+
+If you are going to write a Linux USB driver, please become familiar
+with the USB protocol specification. It can be found, along with many
+other useful documents, at the USB home page (see Resources). An
+excellent introduction to the Linux USB subsystem can be found at the
+USB Working Devices List (see Resources). It explains how the Linux USB
+subsystem is structured and introduces the reader to the concept of USB
+urbs (USB Request Blocks), which are essential to USB drivers.
+
+The first thing a Linux USB driver needs to do is register itself with
+the Linux USB subsystem, giving it some information about which devices
+the driver supports and which functions to call when a device supported
+by the driver is inserted or removed from the system. All of this
+information is passed to the USB subsystem in the :c:type:`usb_driver`
+structure. The skeleton driver declares a :c:type:`usb_driver` as::
+
+    static struct usb_driver skel_driver = {
+	    .name        = "skeleton",
+	    .probe       = skel_probe,
+	    .disconnect  = skel_disconnect,
+	    .suspend     = skel_suspend,
+	    .resume      = skel_resume,
+	    .pre_reset   = skel_pre_reset,
+	    .post_reset  = skel_post_reset,
+	    .id_table    = skel_table,
+	    .supports_autosuspend = 1,
+    };
+
+
+The variable name is a string that describes the driver. It is used in
+informational messages printed to the system log. The probe and
+disconnect function pointers are called when a device that matches the
+information provided in the ``id_table`` variable is either seen or
+removed.
+
+The fops and minor variables are optional. Most USB drivers hook into
+another kernel subsystem, such as the SCSI, network or TTY subsystem.
+These types of drivers register themselves with the other kernel
+subsystem, and any user-space interactions are provided through that
+interface. But for drivers that do not have a matching kernel subsystem,
+such as MP3 players or scanners, a method of interacting with user space
+is needed. The USB subsystem provides a way to register a minor device
+number and a set of :c:type:`file_operations` function pointers that enable
+this user-space interaction. The skeleton driver needs this kind of
+interface, so it provides a minor starting number and a pointer to its
+:c:type:`file_operations` functions.
+
+The USB driver is then registered with a call to usb_register(),
+usually in the driver's init function, as shown here::
+
+    static int __init usb_skel_init(void)
+    {
+	    int result;
+
+	    /* register this driver with the USB subsystem */
+	    result = usb_register(&skel_driver);
+	    if (result < 0) {
+		    pr_err("usb_register failed for the %s driver. Error number %d\n",
+		           skel_driver.name, result);
+		    return -1;
+	    }
+
+	    return 0;
+    }
+    module_init(usb_skel_init);
+
+
+When the driver is unloaded from the system, it needs to deregister
+itself with the USB subsystem. This is done with usb_deregister()
+function::
+
+    static void __exit usb_skel_exit(void)
+    {
+	    /* deregister this driver with the USB subsystem */
+	    usb_deregister(&skel_driver);
+    }
+    module_exit(usb_skel_exit);
+
+
+To enable the linux-hotplug system to load the driver automatically when
+the device is plugged in, you need to create a ``MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE``.
+The following code tells the hotplug scripts that this module supports a
+single device with a specific vendor and product ID::
+
+    /* table of devices that work with this driver */
+    static struct usb_device_id skel_table [] = {
+	    { USB_DEVICE(USB_SKEL_VENDOR_ID, USB_SKEL_PRODUCT_ID) },
+	    { }                      /* Terminating entry */
+    };
+    MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE (usb, skel_table);
+
+
+There are other macros that can be used in describing a struct
+:c:type:`usb_device_id` for drivers that support a whole class of USB
+drivers. See :ref:`usb.h <usb_header>` for more information on this.
+
+Device operation
+================
+
+When a device is plugged into the USB bus that matches the device ID
+pattern that your driver registered with the USB core, the probe
+function is called. The :c:type:`usb_device` structure, interface number and
+the interface ID are passed to the function::
+
+    static int skel_probe(struct usb_interface *interface,
+	const struct usb_device_id *id)
+
+
+The driver now needs to verify that this device is actually one that it
+can accept. If so, it returns 0. If not, or if any error occurs during
+initialization, an errorcode (such as ``-ENOMEM`` or ``-ENODEV``) is
+returned from the probe function.
+
+In the skeleton driver, we determine what end points are marked as
+bulk-in and bulk-out. We create buffers to hold the data that will be
+sent and received from the device, and a USB urb to write data to the
+device is initialized.
+
+Conversely, when the device is removed from the USB bus, the disconnect
+function is called with the device pointer. The driver needs to clean
+any private data that has been allocated at this time and to shut down
+any pending urbs that are in the USB system.
+
+Now that the device is plugged into the system and the driver is bound
+to the device, any of the functions in the :c:type:`file_operations` structure
+that were passed to the USB subsystem will be called from a user program
+trying to talk to the device. The first function called will be open, as
+the program tries to open the device for I/O. We increment our private
+usage count and save a pointer to our internal structure in the file
+structure. This is done so that future calls to file operations will
+enable the driver to determine which device the user is addressing. All
+of this is done with the following code::
+
+    /* increment our usage count for the device */
+    kref_get(&dev->kref);
+
+    /* save our object in the file's private structure */
+    file->private_data = dev;
+
+
+After the open function is called, the read and write functions are
+called to receive and send data to the device. In the ``skel_write``
+function, we receive a pointer to some data that the user wants to send
+to the device and the size of the data. The function determines how much
+data it can send to the device based on the size of the write urb it has
+created (this size depends on the size of the bulk out end point that
+the device has). Then it copies the data from user space to kernel
+space, points the urb to the data and submits the urb to the USB
+subsystem. This can be seen in the following code::
+
+    /* we can only write as much as 1 urb will hold */
+    size_t writesize = min_t(size_t, count, MAX_TRANSFER);
+
+    /* copy the data from user space into our urb */
+    copy_from_user(buf, user_buffer, writesize);
+
+    /* set up our urb */
+    usb_fill_bulk_urb(urb,
+		      dev->udev,
+		      usb_sndbulkpipe(dev->udev, dev->bulk_out_endpointAddr),
+		      buf,
+		      writesize,
+		      skel_write_bulk_callback,
+		      dev);
+
+    /* send the data out the bulk port */
+    retval = usb_submit_urb(urb, GFP_KERNEL);
+    if (retval) {
+	    dev_err(&dev->interface->dev,
+                "%s - failed submitting write urb, error %d\n",
+                __func__, retval);
+    }
+
+
+When the write urb is filled up with the proper information using the
+:c:func:`usb_fill_bulk_urb` function, we point the urb's completion callback
+to call our own ``skel_write_bulk_callback`` function. This function is
+called when the urb is finished by the USB subsystem. The callback
+function is called in interrupt context, so caution must be taken not to
+do very much processing at that time. Our implementation of
+``skel_write_bulk_callback`` merely reports if the urb was completed
+successfully or not and then returns.
+
+The read function works a bit differently from the write function in
+that we do not use an urb to transfer data from the device to the
+driver. Instead we call the :c:func:`usb_bulk_msg` function, which can be used
+to send or receive data from a device without having to create urbs and
+handle urb completion callback functions. We call the :c:func:`usb_bulk_msg`
+function, giving it a buffer into which to place any data received from
+the device and a timeout value. If the timeout period expires without
+receiving any data from the device, the function will fail and return an
+error message. This can be shown with the following code::
+
+    /* do an immediate bulk read to get data from the device */
+    retval = usb_bulk_msg (skel->dev,
+			   usb_rcvbulkpipe (skel->dev,
+			   skel->bulk_in_endpointAddr),
+			   skel->bulk_in_buffer,
+			   skel->bulk_in_size,
+			   &count, 5000);
+    /* if the read was successful, copy the data to user space */
+    if (!retval) {
+	    if (copy_to_user (buffer, skel->bulk_in_buffer, count))
+		    retval = -EFAULT;
+	    else
+		    retval = count;
+    }
+
+
+The :c:func:`usb_bulk_msg` function can be very useful for doing single reads
+or writes to a device; however, if you need to read or write constantly to
+a device, it is recommended to set up your own urbs and submit them to
+the USB subsystem.
+
+When the user program releases the file handle that it has been using to
+talk to the device, the release function in the driver is called. In
+this function we decrement our private usage count and wait for possible
+pending writes::
+
+    /* decrement our usage count for the device */
+    --skel->open_count;
+
+
+One of the more difficult problems that USB drivers must be able to
+handle smoothly is the fact that the USB device may be removed from the
+system at any point in time, even if a program is currently talking to
+it. It needs to be able to shut down any current reads and writes and
+notify the user-space programs that the device is no longer there. The
+following code (function ``skel_delete``) is an example of how to do
+this::
+
+    static inline void skel_delete (struct usb_skel *dev)
+    {
+	kfree (dev->bulk_in_buffer);
+	if (dev->bulk_out_buffer != NULL)
+	    usb_free_coherent (dev->udev, dev->bulk_out_size,
+		dev->bulk_out_buffer,
+		dev->write_urb->transfer_dma);
+	usb_free_urb (dev->write_urb);
+	kfree (dev);
+    }
+
+
+If a program currently has an open handle to the device, we reset the
+flag ``device_present``. For every read, write, release and other
+functions that expect a device to be present, the driver first checks
+this flag to see if the device is still present. If not, it releases
+that the device has disappeared, and a ``-ENODEV`` error is returned to the
+user-space program. When the release function is eventually called, it
+determines if there is no device and if not, it does the cleanup that
+the ``skel_disconnect`` function normally does if there are no open files
+on the device (see Listing 5).
+
+Isochronous Data
+================
+
+This usb-skeleton driver does not have any examples of interrupt or
+isochronous data being sent to or from the device. Interrupt data is
+sent almost exactly as bulk data is, with a few minor exceptions.
+Isochronous data works differently with continuous streams of data being
+sent to or from the device. The audio and video camera drivers are very
+good examples of drivers that handle isochronous data and will be useful
+if you also need to do this.
+
+Conclusion
+==========
+
+Writing Linux USB device drivers is not a difficult task as the
+usb-skeleton driver shows. This driver, combined with the other current
+USB drivers, should provide enough examples to help a beginning author
+create a working driver in a minimal amount of time. The linux-usb-devel
+mailing list archives also contain a lot of helpful information.
+
+Resources
+=========
+
+The Linux USB Project:
+http://www.linux-usb.org/
+
+Linux Hotplug Project:
+http://linux-hotplug.sourceforge.net/
+
+linux-usb Mailing List Archives:
+https://lore.kernel.org/linux-usb/
+
+Programming Guide for Linux USB Device Drivers:
+https://lmu.web.psi.ch/docu/manuals/software_manuals/linux_sl/usb_linux_programming_guide.pdf
+
+USB Home Page: https://www.usb.org