Merge tag 'net-next-6.3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/net-nextgrafted

Pull networking updates from Jakub Kicinski:
 "Core:

   - Add dedicated kmem_cache for typical/small skb->head, avoid having
     to access struct page at kfree time, and improve memory use.

   - Introduce sysctl to set default RPS configuration for new netdevs.

   - Define Netlink protocol specification format which can be used to
     describe messages used by each family and auto-generate parsers.
     Add tools for generating kernel data structures and uAPI headers.

   - Expose all net/core sysctls inside netns.

   - Remove 4s sleep in netpoll if carrier is instantly detected on
     boot.

   - Add configurable limit of MDB entries per port, and port-vlan.

   - Continue populating drop reasons throughout the stack.

   - Retire a handful of legacy Qdiscs and classifiers.

  Protocols:

   - Support IPv4 big TCP (TSO frames larger than 64kB).

   - Add IP_LOCAL_PORT_RANGE socket option, to control local port range
     on socket by socket basis.

   - Track and report in procfs number of MPTCP sockets used.

   - Support mixing IPv4 and IPv6 flows in the in-kernel MPTCP path
     manager.

   - IPv6: don't check net.ipv6.route.max_size and rely on garbage
     collection to free memory (similarly to IPv4).

   - Support Penultimate Segment Pop (PSP) flavor in SRv6 (RFC8986).

   - ICMP: add per-rate limit counters.

   - Add support for user scanning requests in ieee802154.

   - Remove static WEP support.

   - Support minimal Wi-Fi 7 Extremely High Throughput (EHT) rate
     reporting.

   - WiFi 7 EHT channel puncturing support (client & AP).

  BPF:

   - Add a rbtree data structure following the "next-gen data structure"
     precedent set by recently added linked list, that is, by using
     kfunc + kptr instead of adding a new BPF map type.

   - Expose XDP hints via kfuncs with initial support for RX hash and
     timestamp metadata.

   - Add BPF_F_NO_TUNNEL_KEY extension to bpf_skb_set_tunnel_key to
     better support decap on GRE tunnel devices not operating in collect
     metadata.

   - Improve x86 JIT's codegen for PROBE_MEM runtime error checks.

   - Remove the need for trace_printk_lock for bpf_trace_printk and
     bpf_trace_vprintk helpers.

   - Extend libbpf's bpf_tracing.h support for tracing arguments of
     kprobes/uprobes and syscall as a special case.

   - Significantly reduce the search time for module symbols by
     livepatch and BPF.

   - Enable cpumasks to be used as kptrs, which is useful for tracing
     programs tracking which tasks end up running on which CPUs in
     different time intervals.

   - Add support for BPF trampoline on s390x and riscv64.

   - Add capability to export the XDP features supported by the NIC.

   - Add __bpf_kfunc tag for marking kernel functions as kfuncs.

   - Add cgroup.memory=nobpf kernel parameter option to disable BPF
     memory accounting for container environments.

  Netfilter:

   - Remove the CLUSTERIP target. It has been marked as obsolete for
     years, and we still have WARN splats wrt races of the out-of-band
     /proc interface installed by this target.

   - Add 'destroy' commands to nf_tables. They are identical to the
     existing 'delete' commands, but do not return an error if the
     referenced object (set, chain, rule...) did not exist.

  Driver API:

   - Improve cpumask_local_spread() locality to help NICs set the right
     IRQ affinity on AMD platforms.

   - Separate C22 and C45 MDIO bus transactions more clearly.

   - Introduce new DCB table to control DSCP rewrite on egress.

   - Support configuration of Physical Layer Collision Avoidance (PLCA)
     Reconciliation Sublayer (RS) (802.3cg-2019). Modern version of
     shared medium Ethernet.

   - Support for MAC Merge layer (IEEE 802.3-2018 clause 99). Allowing
     preemption of low priority frames by high priority frames.

   - Add support for controlling MACSec offload using netlink SET.

   - Rework devlink instance refcounts to allow registration and
     de-registration under the instance lock. Split the code into
     multiple files, drop some of the unnecessarily granular locks and
     factor out common parts of netlink operation handling.

   - Add TX frame aggregation parameters (for USB drivers).

   - Add a new attr TCA_EXT_WARN_MSG to report TC (offload) warning
     messages with notifications for debug.

   - Allow offloading of UDP NEW connections via act_ct.

   - Add support for per action HW stats in TC.

   - Support hardware miss to TC action (continue processing in SW from
     a specific point in the action chain).

   - Warn if old Wireless Extension user space interface is used with
     modern cfg80211/mac80211 drivers. Do not support Wireless
     Extensions for Wi-Fi 7 devices at all. Everyone should switch to
     using nl80211 interface instead.

   - Improve the CAN bit timing configuration. Use extack to return
     error messages directly to user space, update the SJW handling,
     including the definition of a new default value that will benefit
     CAN-FD controllers, by increasing their oscillator tolerance.

  New hardware / drivers:

   - Ethernet:
      - nVidia BlueField-3 support (control traffic driver)
      - Ethernet support for imx93 SoCs
      - Motorcomm yt8531 gigabit Ethernet PHY
      - onsemi NCN26000 10BASE-T1S PHY (with support for PLCA)
      - Microchip LAN8841 PHY (incl. cable diagnostics and PTP)
      - Amlogic gxl MDIO mux

   - WiFi:
      - RealTek RTL8188EU (rtl8xxxu)
      - Qualcomm Wi-Fi 7 devices (ath12k)

   - CAN:
      - Renesas R-Car V4H

  Drivers:

   - Bluetooth:
      - Set Per Platform Antenna Gain (PPAG) for Intel controllers.

   - Ethernet NICs:
      - Intel (1G, igc):
         - support TSN / Qbv / packet scheduling features of i226 model
      - Intel (100G, ice):
         - use GNSS subsystem instead of TTY
         - multi-buffer XDP support
         - extend support for GPIO pins to E823 devices
      - nVidia/Mellanox:
         - update the shared buffer configuration on PFC commands
         - implement PTP adjphase function for HW offset control
         - TC support for Geneve and GRE with VF tunnel offload
         - more efficient crypto key management method
         - multi-port eswitch support
      - Netronome/Corigine:
         - add DCB IEEE support
         - support IPsec offloading for NFP3800
      - Freescale/NXP (enetc):
         - support XDP_REDIRECT for XDP non-linear buffers
         - improve reconfig, avoid link flap and waiting for idle
         - support MAC Merge layer
      - Other NICs:
         - sfc/ef100: add basic devlink support for ef100
         - ionic: rx_push mode operation (writing descriptors via MMIO)
         - bnxt: use the auxiliary bus abstraction for RDMA
         - r8169: disable ASPM and reset bus in case of tx timeout
         - cpsw: support QSGMII mode for J721e CPSW9G
         - cpts: support pulse-per-second output
         - ngbe: add an mdio bus driver
         - usbnet: optimize usbnet_bh() by avoiding unnecessary queuing
         - r8152: handle devices with FW with NCM support
         - amd-xgbe: support 10Mbps, 2.5GbE speeds and rx-adaptation
         - virtio-net: support multi buffer XDP
         - virtio/vsock: replace virtio_vsock_pkt with sk_buff
         - tsnep: XDP support

   - Ethernet high-speed switches:
      - nVidia/Mellanox (mlxsw):
         - add support for latency TLV (in FW control messages)
      - Microchip (sparx5):
         - separate explicit and implicit traffic forwarding rules, make
           the implicit rules always active
         - add support for egress DSCP rewrite
         - IS0 VCAP support (Ingress Classification)
         - IS2 VCAP filters (protos, L3 addrs, L4 ports, flags, ToS
           etc.)
         - ES2 VCAP support (Egress Access Control)
         - support for Per-Stream Filtering and Policing (802.1Q,
           8.6.5.1)

   - Ethernet embedded switches:
      - Marvell (mv88e6xxx):
         - add MAB (port auth) offload support
         - enable PTP receive for mv88e6390
      - NXP (ocelot):
         - support MAC Merge layer
         - support for the the vsc7512 internal copper phys
      - Microchip:
         - lan9303: convert to PHYLINK
         - lan966x: support TC flower filter statistics
         - lan937x: PTP support for KSZ9563/KSZ8563 and LAN937x
         - lan937x: support Credit Based Shaper configuration
         - ksz9477: support Energy Efficient Ethernet
      - other:
         - qca8k: convert to regmap read/write API, use bulk operations
         - rswitch: Improve TX timestamp accuracy

   - Intel WiFi (iwlwifi):
      - EHT (Wi-Fi 7) rate reporting
      - STEP equalizer support: transfer some STEP (connection to radio
        on platforms with integrated wifi) related parameters from the
        BIOS to the firmware.

   - Qualcomm 802.11ax WiFi (ath11k):
      - IPQ5018 support
      - Fine Timing Measurement (FTM) responder role support
      - channel 177 support

   - MediaTek WiFi (mt76):
      - per-PHY LED support
      - mt7996: EHT (Wi-Fi 7) support
      - Wireless Ethernet Dispatch (WED) reset support
      - switch to using page pool allocator

   - RealTek WiFi (rtw89):
      - support new version of Bluetooth co-existance

   - Mobile:
      - rmnet: support TX aggregation"

* tag 'net-next-6.3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/net-next: (1872 commits)
  page_pool: add a comment explaining the fragment counter usage
  net: ethtool: fix __ethtool_dev_mm_supported() implementation
  ethtool: pse-pd: Fix double word in comments
  xsk: add linux/vmalloc.h to xsk.c
  sefltests: netdevsim: wait for devlink instance after netns removal
  selftest: fib_tests: Always cleanup before exit
  net/mlx5e: Align IPsec ASO result memory to be as required by hardware
  net/mlx5e: TC, Set CT miss to the specific ct action instance
  net/mlx5e: Rename CHAIN_TO_REG to MAPPED_OBJ_TO_REG
  net/mlx5: Refactor tc miss handling to a single function
  net/mlx5: Kconfig: Make tc offload depend on tc skb extension
  net/sched: flower: Support hardware miss to tc action
  net/sched: flower: Move filter handle initialization earlier
  net/sched: cls_api: Support hardware miss to tc action
  net/sched: Rename user cookie and act cookie
  sfc: fix builds without CONFIG_RTC_LIB
  sfc: clean up some inconsistent indentings
  net/mlx4_en: Introduce flexible array to silence overflow warning
  net: lan966x: Fix possible deadlock inside PTP
  net/ulp: Remove redundant ->clone() test in inet_clone_ulp().
  ...

1 files changed, 165 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/scheduler/schedutil.rst b/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/scheduler/schedutil.rst
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d1ea68007
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/translations/zh_CN/scheduler/schedutil.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+.. include:: ../disclaimer-zh_CN.rst
+
+:Original: Documentation/scheduler/schedutil.rst
+
+:翻译:
+
+  唐艺舟 Tang Yizhou <tangyeechou@gmail.com>
+
+=========
+Schedutil
+=========
+
+.. note::
+
+   本文所有内容都假设频率和工作算力之间存在线性关系。我们知道这是有瑕疵的，
+   但这是最可行的近似处理。
+
+PELT（实体负载跟踪，Per Entity Load Tracking）
+==============================================
+
+通过PELT，我们跟踪了各种调度器实体的一些指标，从单个任务到任务组分片到CPU
+运行队列。我们使用指数加权移动平均数（Exponentially Weighted Moving Average，
+EWMA）作为其基础，每个周期（1024us）都会衰减，衰减速率满足y^32 = 0.5。
+也就是说，最近的32ms贡献负载的一半，而历史上的其它时间则贡献另一半。
+
+具体而言：
+
+  ewma_sum(u) := u_0 + u_1*y + u_2*y^2 + ...
+
+  ewma(u) = ewma_sum(u) / ewma_sum(1)
+
+由于这本质上是一个无限几何级数的累加，结果是可组合的，即ewma(A) + ewma(B) = ewma(A+B)。
+这个属性是关键，因为它提供了在任务迁移时重新组合平均数的能力。
+
+请注意，阻塞态的任务仍然对累加值（任务组分片和CPU运行队列）有贡献，这反映了
+它们在恢复运行后的预期贡献。
+
+利用这一点，我们跟踪2个关键指标：“运行”和“可运行”。“运行”反映了一个调度实体
+在CPU上花费的时间，而“可运行”反映了一个调度实体在运行队列中花费的时间。当只有
+一个任务时，这两个指标是相同的，但一旦出现对CPU的争用，“运行”将减少以反映每个
+任务在CPU上花费的时间，而“可运行”将增加以反映争用的激烈程度。
+
+更多细节见：kernel/sched/pelt.c
+
+
+频率 / CPU不变性
+================
+
+因为CPU频率在1GHz时利用率为50%和CPU频率在2GHz时利用率为50%是不一样的，同样
+在小核上运行时利用率为50%和在大核上运行时利用率为50%是不一样的，我们允许架构
+以两个比率来伸缩时间差，其中一个是动态电压频率升降（Dynamic Voltage and
+Frequency Scaling，DVFS）比率，另一个是微架构比率。
+
+对于简单的DVFS架构（软件有完全控制能力），我们可以很容易地计算该比率为::
+
+            f_cur
+  r_dvfs := -----
+            f_max
+
+对于由硬件控制DVFS的更多动态系统，我们使用硬件计数器（Intel APERF/MPERF，
+ARMv8.4-AMU）来计算这一比率。具体到Intel，我们使用::
+
+           APERF
+  f_cur := ----- * P0
+           MPERF
+
+             4C-turbo;  如果可用并且使能了turbo
+  f_max := { 1C-turbo;  如果使能了turbo
+             P0;        其它情况
+
+                    f_cur
+  r_dvfs := min( 1, ----- )
+                    f_max
+
+我们选择4C turbo而不是1C turbo，以使其更持久性略微更强。
+
+r_cpu被定义为当前CPU的最高性能水平与系统中任何其它CPU的最高性能水平的比率。
+
+  r_tot = r_dvfs * r_cpu
+
+其结果是，上述“运行”和“可运行”的指标变成DVFS无关和CPU型号无关了。也就是说，
+我们可以在CPU之间转移和比较它们。
+
+更多细节见:
+
+ - kernel/sched/pelt.h:update_rq_clock_pelt()
+ - arch/x86/kernel/smpboot.c:"APERF/MPERF frequency ratio computation."
+ - Documentation/translations/zh_CN/scheduler/sched-capacity.rst:"1. CPU Capacity + 2. Task utilization"
+
+
+UTIL_EST / UTIL_EST_FASTUP
+==========================
+
+由于周期性任务的平均数在睡眠时会衰减，而在运行时其预期利用率会和睡眠前相同，
+因此它们在再次运行后会面临（DVFS）的上涨。
+
+为了缓解这个问题，（一个默认使能的编译选项）UTIL_EST驱动一个无限脉冲响应
+（Infinite Impulse Response，IIR）的EWMA，“运行”值在出队时是最高的。
+另一个默认使能的编译选项UTIL_EST_FASTUP修改了IIR滤波器，使其允许立即增加，
+仅在利用率下降时衰减。
+
+进一步，运行队列的（可运行任务的）利用率之和由下式计算：
+
+  util_est := \Sum_t max( t_running, t_util_est_ewma )
+
+更多细节见: kernel/sched/fair.c:util_est_dequeue()
+
+
+UCLAMP
+======
+
+可以在每个CFS或RT任务上设置有效的u_min和u_max clamp值（译注：clamp可以理解
+为类似滤波器的能力，它定义了有效取值范围的最大值和最小值）；运行队列为所有正在
+运行的任务保持这些clamp的最大聚合值。
+
+更多细节见: include/uapi/linux/sched/types.h
+
+
+Schedutil / DVFS
+================
+
+每当调度器的负载跟踪被更新时（任务唤醒、任务迁移、时间流逝），我们都会调用
+schedutil来更新硬件DVFS状态。
+
+其基础是CPU运行队列的“运行”指标，根据上面的内容，它是CPU的频率不变的利用率
+估计值。由此我们计算出一个期望的频率，如下::
+
+             max( running, util_est );  如果使能UTIL_EST
+  u_cfs := { running;                   其它情况
+
+               clamp( u_cfs + u_rt, u_min, u_max );  如果使能UCLAMP_TASK
+  u_clamp := { u_cfs + u_rt;                         其它情况
+
+  u := u_clamp + u_irq + u_dl;		[估计值。更多细节见源代码]
+
+  f_des := min( f_max, 1.25 u * f_max )
+
+关于IO-wait的说明：当发生更新是因为任务从IO完成中唤醒时，我们提升上面的“u”。
+
+然后，这个频率被用来选择一个P-state或OPP，或者直接混入一个发给硬件的CPPC式
+请求。
+
+关于截止期限调度器的说明: 截止期限任务（偶发任务模型）使我们能够计算出满足
+工作负荷所需的硬f_min值。
+
+因为这些回调函数是直接来自调度器的，所以DVFS的硬件交互应该是“快速”和非阻塞的。
+在硬件交互缓慢和昂贵的时候，schedutil支持DVFS请求限速，不过会降低效率。
+
+更多信息见: kernel/sched/cpufreq_schedutil.c
+
+
+注意
+====
+
+ - 在低负载场景下，DVFS是最相关的，“运行”的值将密切反映利用率。
+
+ - 在负载饱和的场景下，任务迁移会导致一些瞬时性的使用率下降。假设我们有一个
+   CPU，有4个任务占用导致其饱和，接下来我们将一个任务迁移到另一个空闲CPU上，
+   旧的CPU的“运行”值将为0.75，而新的CPU将获得0.25。这是不可避免的，而且随着
+   时间流逝将自动修正。另注，由于没有空闲时间，我们还能保证f_max值吗？
+
+ - 上述大部分内容是关于避免DVFS下滑，以及独立的DVFS域发生负载迁移时不得不
+   重新学习/提升频率。
+