Merge tag 'net-next-6.3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/net-nextgrafted

Pull networking updates from Jakub Kicinski:
 "Core:

   - Add dedicated kmem_cache for typical/small skb->head, avoid having
     to access struct page at kfree time, and improve memory use.

   - Introduce sysctl to set default RPS configuration for new netdevs.

   - Define Netlink protocol specification format which can be used to
     describe messages used by each family and auto-generate parsers.
     Add tools for generating kernel data structures and uAPI headers.

   - Expose all net/core sysctls inside netns.

   - Remove 4s sleep in netpoll if carrier is instantly detected on
     boot.

   - Add configurable limit of MDB entries per port, and port-vlan.

   - Continue populating drop reasons throughout the stack.

   - Retire a handful of legacy Qdiscs and classifiers.

  Protocols:

   - Support IPv4 big TCP (TSO frames larger than 64kB).

   - Add IP_LOCAL_PORT_RANGE socket option, to control local port range
     on socket by socket basis.

   - Track and report in procfs number of MPTCP sockets used.

   - Support mixing IPv4 and IPv6 flows in the in-kernel MPTCP path
     manager.

   - IPv6: don't check net.ipv6.route.max_size and rely on garbage
     collection to free memory (similarly to IPv4).

   - Support Penultimate Segment Pop (PSP) flavor in SRv6 (RFC8986).

   - ICMP: add per-rate limit counters.

   - Add support for user scanning requests in ieee802154.

   - Remove static WEP support.

   - Support minimal Wi-Fi 7 Extremely High Throughput (EHT) rate
     reporting.

   - WiFi 7 EHT channel puncturing support (client & AP).

  BPF:

   - Add a rbtree data structure following the "next-gen data structure"
     precedent set by recently added linked list, that is, by using
     kfunc + kptr instead of adding a new BPF map type.

   - Expose XDP hints via kfuncs with initial support for RX hash and
     timestamp metadata.

   - Add BPF_F_NO_TUNNEL_KEY extension to bpf_skb_set_tunnel_key to
     better support decap on GRE tunnel devices not operating in collect
     metadata.

   - Improve x86 JIT's codegen for PROBE_MEM runtime error checks.

   - Remove the need for trace_printk_lock for bpf_trace_printk and
     bpf_trace_vprintk helpers.

   - Extend libbpf's bpf_tracing.h support for tracing arguments of
     kprobes/uprobes and syscall as a special case.

   - Significantly reduce the search time for module symbols by
     livepatch and BPF.

   - Enable cpumasks to be used as kptrs, which is useful for tracing
     programs tracking which tasks end up running on which CPUs in
     different time intervals.

   - Add support for BPF trampoline on s390x and riscv64.

   - Add capability to export the XDP features supported by the NIC.

   - Add __bpf_kfunc tag for marking kernel functions as kfuncs.

   - Add cgroup.memory=nobpf kernel parameter option to disable BPF
     memory accounting for container environments.

  Netfilter:

   - Remove the CLUSTERIP target. It has been marked as obsolete for
     years, and we still have WARN splats wrt races of the out-of-band
     /proc interface installed by this target.

   - Add 'destroy' commands to nf_tables. They are identical to the
     existing 'delete' commands, but do not return an error if the
     referenced object (set, chain, rule...) did not exist.

  Driver API:

   - Improve cpumask_local_spread() locality to help NICs set the right
     IRQ affinity on AMD platforms.

   - Separate C22 and C45 MDIO bus transactions more clearly.

   - Introduce new DCB table to control DSCP rewrite on egress.

   - Support configuration of Physical Layer Collision Avoidance (PLCA)
     Reconciliation Sublayer (RS) (802.3cg-2019). Modern version of
     shared medium Ethernet.

   - Support for MAC Merge layer (IEEE 802.3-2018 clause 99). Allowing
     preemption of low priority frames by high priority frames.

   - Add support for controlling MACSec offload using netlink SET.

   - Rework devlink instance refcounts to allow registration and
     de-registration under the instance lock. Split the code into
     multiple files, drop some of the unnecessarily granular locks and
     factor out common parts of netlink operation handling.

   - Add TX frame aggregation parameters (for USB drivers).

   - Add a new attr TCA_EXT_WARN_MSG to report TC (offload) warning
     messages with notifications for debug.

   - Allow offloading of UDP NEW connections via act_ct.

   - Add support for per action HW stats in TC.

   - Support hardware miss to TC action (continue processing in SW from
     a specific point in the action chain).

   - Warn if old Wireless Extension user space interface is used with
     modern cfg80211/mac80211 drivers. Do not support Wireless
     Extensions for Wi-Fi 7 devices at all. Everyone should switch to
     using nl80211 interface instead.

   - Improve the CAN bit timing configuration. Use extack to return
     error messages directly to user space, update the SJW handling,
     including the definition of a new default value that will benefit
     CAN-FD controllers, by increasing their oscillator tolerance.

  New hardware / drivers:

   - Ethernet:
      - nVidia BlueField-3 support (control traffic driver)
      - Ethernet support for imx93 SoCs
      - Motorcomm yt8531 gigabit Ethernet PHY
      - onsemi NCN26000 10BASE-T1S PHY (with support for PLCA)
      - Microchip LAN8841 PHY (incl. cable diagnostics and PTP)
      - Amlogic gxl MDIO mux

   - WiFi:
      - RealTek RTL8188EU (rtl8xxxu)
      - Qualcomm Wi-Fi 7 devices (ath12k)

   - CAN:
      - Renesas R-Car V4H

  Drivers:

   - Bluetooth:
      - Set Per Platform Antenna Gain (PPAG) for Intel controllers.

   - Ethernet NICs:
      - Intel (1G, igc):
         - support TSN / Qbv / packet scheduling features of i226 model
      - Intel (100G, ice):
         - use GNSS subsystem instead of TTY
         - multi-buffer XDP support
         - extend support for GPIO pins to E823 devices
      - nVidia/Mellanox:
         - update the shared buffer configuration on PFC commands
         - implement PTP adjphase function for HW offset control
         - TC support for Geneve and GRE with VF tunnel offload
         - more efficient crypto key management method
         - multi-port eswitch support
      - Netronome/Corigine:
         - add DCB IEEE support
         - support IPsec offloading for NFP3800
      - Freescale/NXP (enetc):
         - support XDP_REDIRECT for XDP non-linear buffers
         - improve reconfig, avoid link flap and waiting for idle
         - support MAC Merge layer
      - Other NICs:
         - sfc/ef100: add basic devlink support for ef100
         - ionic: rx_push mode operation (writing descriptors via MMIO)
         - bnxt: use the auxiliary bus abstraction for RDMA
         - r8169: disable ASPM and reset bus in case of tx timeout
         - cpsw: support QSGMII mode for J721e CPSW9G
         - cpts: support pulse-per-second output
         - ngbe: add an mdio bus driver
         - usbnet: optimize usbnet_bh() by avoiding unnecessary queuing
         - r8152: handle devices with FW with NCM support
         - amd-xgbe: support 10Mbps, 2.5GbE speeds and rx-adaptation
         - virtio-net: support multi buffer XDP
         - virtio/vsock: replace virtio_vsock_pkt with sk_buff
         - tsnep: XDP support

   - Ethernet high-speed switches:
      - nVidia/Mellanox (mlxsw):
         - add support for latency TLV (in FW control messages)
      - Microchip (sparx5):
         - separate explicit and implicit traffic forwarding rules, make
           the implicit rules always active
         - add support for egress DSCP rewrite
         - IS0 VCAP support (Ingress Classification)
         - IS2 VCAP filters (protos, L3 addrs, L4 ports, flags, ToS
           etc.)
         - ES2 VCAP support (Egress Access Control)
         - support for Per-Stream Filtering and Policing (802.1Q,
           8.6.5.1)

   - Ethernet embedded switches:
      - Marvell (mv88e6xxx):
         - add MAB (port auth) offload support
         - enable PTP receive for mv88e6390
      - NXP (ocelot):
         - support MAC Merge layer
         - support for the the vsc7512 internal copper phys
      - Microchip:
         - lan9303: convert to PHYLINK
         - lan966x: support TC flower filter statistics
         - lan937x: PTP support for KSZ9563/KSZ8563 and LAN937x
         - lan937x: support Credit Based Shaper configuration
         - ksz9477: support Energy Efficient Ethernet
      - other:
         - qca8k: convert to regmap read/write API, use bulk operations
         - rswitch: Improve TX timestamp accuracy

   - Intel WiFi (iwlwifi):
      - EHT (Wi-Fi 7) rate reporting
      - STEP equalizer support: transfer some STEP (connection to radio
        on platforms with integrated wifi) related parameters from the
        BIOS to the firmware.

   - Qualcomm 802.11ax WiFi (ath11k):
      - IPQ5018 support
      - Fine Timing Measurement (FTM) responder role support
      - channel 177 support

   - MediaTek WiFi (mt76):
      - per-PHY LED support
      - mt7996: EHT (Wi-Fi 7) support
      - Wireless Ethernet Dispatch (WED) reset support
      - switch to using page pool allocator

   - RealTek WiFi (rtw89):
      - support new version of Bluetooth co-existance

   - Mobile:
      - rmnet: support TX aggregation"

* tag 'net-next-6.3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/net-next: (1872 commits)
  page_pool: add a comment explaining the fragment counter usage
  net: ethtool: fix __ethtool_dev_mm_supported() implementation
  ethtool: pse-pd: Fix double word in comments
  xsk: add linux/vmalloc.h to xsk.c
  sefltests: netdevsim: wait for devlink instance after netns removal
  selftest: fib_tests: Always cleanup before exit
  net/mlx5e: Align IPsec ASO result memory to be as required by hardware
  net/mlx5e: TC, Set CT miss to the specific ct action instance
  net/mlx5e: Rename CHAIN_TO_REG to MAPPED_OBJ_TO_REG
  net/mlx5: Refactor tc miss handling to a single function
  net/mlx5: Kconfig: Make tc offload depend on tc skb extension
  net/sched: flower: Support hardware miss to tc action
  net/sched: flower: Move filter handle initialization earlier
  net/sched: cls_api: Support hardware miss to tc action
  net/sched: Rename user cookie and act cookie
  sfc: fix builds without CONFIG_RTC_LIB
  sfc: clean up some inconsistent indentings
  net/mlx4_en: Introduce flexible array to silence overflow warning
  net: lan966x: Fix possible deadlock inside PTP
  net/ulp: Remove redundant ->clone() test in inet_clone_ulp().
  ...

1 files changed, 692 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/drivers/acpi/acpica/exconvrt.c b/drivers/acpi/acpica/exconvrt.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..8de5d47ad
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drivers/acpi/acpica/exconvrt.c
@@ -0,0 +1,692 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause OR GPL-2.0
+/******************************************************************************
+ *
+ * Module Name: exconvrt - Object conversion routines
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2000 - 2022, Intel Corp.
+ *
+ *****************************************************************************/
+
+#include <acpi/acpi.h>
+#include "accommon.h"
+#include "acinterp.h"
+#include "amlcode.h"
+
+#define _COMPONENT          ACPI_EXECUTER
+ACPI_MODULE_NAME("exconvrt")
+
+/* Local prototypes */
+static u32
+acpi_ex_convert_to_ascii(u64 integer, u16 base, u8 *string, u8 max_length);
+
+/*******************************************************************************
+ *
+ * FUNCTION:    acpi_ex_convert_to_integer
+ *
+ * PARAMETERS:  obj_desc            - Object to be converted. Must be an
+ *                                    Integer, Buffer, or String
+ *              result_desc         - Where the new Integer object is returned
+ *              implicit_conversion - Used for string conversion
+ *
+ * RETURN:      Status
+ *
+ * DESCRIPTION: Convert an ACPI Object to an integer.
+ *
+ ******************************************************************************/
+
+acpi_status
+acpi_ex_convert_to_integer(union acpi_operand_object *obj_desc,
+			   union acpi_operand_object **result_desc,
+			   u32 implicit_conversion)
+{
+	union acpi_operand_object *return_desc;
+	u8 *pointer;
+	u64 result;
+	u32 i;
+	u32 count;
+
+	ACPI_FUNCTION_TRACE_PTR(ex_convert_to_integer, obj_desc);
+
+	switch (obj_desc->common.type) {
+	case ACPI_TYPE_INTEGER:
+
+		/* No conversion necessary */
+
+		*result_desc = obj_desc;
+		return_ACPI_STATUS(AE_OK);
+
+	case ACPI_TYPE_BUFFER:
+	case ACPI_TYPE_STRING:
+
+		/* Note: Takes advantage of common buffer/string fields */
+
+		pointer = obj_desc->buffer.pointer;
+		count = obj_desc->buffer.length;
+		break;
+
+	default:
+
+		return_ACPI_STATUS(AE_TYPE);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Convert the buffer/string to an integer. Note that both buffers and
+	 * strings are treated as raw data - we don't convert ascii to hex for
+	 * strings.
+	 *
+	 * There are two terminating conditions for the loop:
+	 * 1) The size of an integer has been reached, or
+	 * 2) The end of the buffer or string has been reached
+	 */
+	result = 0;
+
+	/* String conversion is different than Buffer conversion */
+
+	switch (obj_desc->common.type) {
+	case ACPI_TYPE_STRING:
+		/*
+		 * Convert string to an integer - for most cases, the string must be
+		 * hexadecimal as per the ACPI specification. The only exception (as
+		 * of ACPI 3.0) is that the to_integer() operator allows both decimal
+		 * and hexadecimal strings (hex prefixed with "0x").
+		 *
+		 * Explicit conversion is used only by to_integer.
+		 * All other string-to-integer conversions are implicit conversions.
+		 */
+		if (implicit_conversion) {
+			result =
+			    acpi_ut_implicit_strtoul64(ACPI_CAST_PTR
+						       (char, pointer));
+		} else {
+			result =
+			    acpi_ut_explicit_strtoul64(ACPI_CAST_PTR
+						       (char, pointer));
+		}
+		break;
+
+	case ACPI_TYPE_BUFFER:
+
+		/* Check for zero-length buffer */
+
+		if (!count) {
+			return_ACPI_STATUS(AE_AML_BUFFER_LIMIT);
+		}
+
+		/* Transfer no more than an integer's worth of data */
+
+		if (count > acpi_gbl_integer_byte_width) {
+			count = acpi_gbl_integer_byte_width;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * Convert buffer to an integer - we simply grab enough raw data
+		 * from the buffer to fill an integer
+		 */
+		for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+			/*
+			 * Get next byte and shift it into the Result.
+			 * Little endian is used, meaning that the first byte of the buffer
+			 * is the LSB of the integer
+			 */
+			result |= (((u64) pointer[i]) << (i * 8));
+		}
+		break;
+
+	default:
+
+		/* No other types can get here */
+
+		break;
+	}
+
+	/* Create a new integer */
+
+	return_desc = acpi_ut_create_integer_object(result);
+	if (!return_desc) {
+		return_ACPI_STATUS(AE_NO_MEMORY);
+	}
+
+	ACPI_DEBUG_PRINT((ACPI_DB_EXEC, "Converted value: %8.8X%8.8X\n",
+			  ACPI_FORMAT_UINT64(result)));
+
+	/* Save the Result */
+
+	(void)acpi_ex_truncate_for32bit_table(return_desc);
+	*result_desc = return_desc;
+	return_ACPI_STATUS(AE_OK);
+}
+
+/*******************************************************************************
+ *
+ * FUNCTION:    acpi_ex_convert_to_buffer
+ *
+ * PARAMETERS:  obj_desc        - Object to be converted. Must be an
+ *                                Integer, Buffer, or String
+ *              result_desc     - Where the new buffer object is returned
+ *
+ * RETURN:      Status
+ *
+ * DESCRIPTION: Convert an ACPI Object to a Buffer
+ *
+ ******************************************************************************/
+
+acpi_status
+acpi_ex_convert_to_buffer(union acpi_operand_object *obj_desc,
+			  union acpi_operand_object **result_desc)
+{
+	union acpi_operand_object *return_desc;
+	u8 *new_buf;
+
+	ACPI_FUNCTION_TRACE_PTR(ex_convert_to_buffer, obj_desc);
+
+	switch (obj_desc->common.type) {
+	case ACPI_TYPE_BUFFER:
+
+		/* No conversion necessary */
+
+		*result_desc = obj_desc;
+		return_ACPI_STATUS(AE_OK);
+
+	case ACPI_TYPE_INTEGER:
+		/*
+		 * Create a new Buffer object.
+		 * Need enough space for one integer
+		 */
+		return_desc =
+		    acpi_ut_create_buffer_object(acpi_gbl_integer_byte_width);
+		if (!return_desc) {
+			return_ACPI_STATUS(AE_NO_MEMORY);
+		}
+
+		/* Copy the integer to the buffer, LSB first */
+
+		new_buf = return_desc->buffer.pointer;
+		memcpy(new_buf, &obj_desc->integer.value,
+		       acpi_gbl_integer_byte_width);
+		break;
+
+	case ACPI_TYPE_STRING:
+		/*
+		 * Create a new Buffer object
+		 * Size will be the string length
+		 *
+		 * NOTE: Add one to the string length to include the null terminator.
+		 * The ACPI spec is unclear on this subject, but there is existing
+		 * ASL/AML code that depends on the null being transferred to the new
+		 * buffer.
+		 */
+		return_desc = acpi_ut_create_buffer_object((acpi_size)
+							   obj_desc->string.
+							   length + 1);
+		if (!return_desc) {
+			return_ACPI_STATUS(AE_NO_MEMORY);
+		}
+
+		/* Copy the string to the buffer */
+
+		new_buf = return_desc->buffer.pointer;
+		strncpy((char *)new_buf, (char *)obj_desc->string.pointer,
+			obj_desc->string.length);
+		break;
+
+	default:
+
+		return_ACPI_STATUS(AE_TYPE);
+	}
+
+	/* Mark buffer initialized */
+
+	return_desc->common.flags |= AOPOBJ_DATA_VALID;
+	*result_desc = return_desc;
+	return_ACPI_STATUS(AE_OK);
+}
+
+/*******************************************************************************
+ *
+ * FUNCTION:    acpi_ex_convert_to_ascii
+ *
+ * PARAMETERS:  integer         - Value to be converted
+ *              base            - ACPI_STRING_DECIMAL or ACPI_STRING_HEX
+ *              string          - Where the string is returned
+ *              data_width      - Size of data item to be converted, in bytes
+ *
+ * RETURN:      Actual string length
+ *
+ * DESCRIPTION: Convert an ACPI Integer to a hex or decimal string
+ *
+ ******************************************************************************/
+
+static u32
+acpi_ex_convert_to_ascii(u64 integer, u16 base, u8 *string, u8 data_width)
+{
+	u64 digit;
+	u32 i;
+	u32 j;
+	u32 k = 0;
+	u32 hex_length;
+	u32 decimal_length;
+	u32 remainder;
+	u8 supress_zeros;
+
+	ACPI_FUNCTION_ENTRY();
+
+	switch (base) {
+	case 10:
+
+		/* Setup max length for the decimal number */
+
+		switch (data_width) {
+		case 1:
+
+			decimal_length = ACPI_MAX8_DECIMAL_DIGITS;
+			break;
+
+		case 4:
+
+			decimal_length = ACPI_MAX32_DECIMAL_DIGITS;
+			break;
+
+		case 8:
+		default:
+
+			decimal_length = ACPI_MAX64_DECIMAL_DIGITS;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		supress_zeros = TRUE;	/* No leading zeros */
+		remainder = 0;
+
+		for (i = decimal_length; i > 0; i--) {
+
+			/* Divide by nth factor of 10 */
+
+			digit = integer;
+			for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
+				(void)acpi_ut_short_divide(digit, 10, &digit,
+							   &remainder);
+			}
+
+			/* Handle leading zeros */
+
+			if (remainder != 0) {
+				supress_zeros = FALSE;
+			}
+
+			if (!supress_zeros) {
+				string[k] = (u8) (ACPI_ASCII_ZERO + remainder);
+				k++;
+			}
+		}
+		break;
+
+	case 16:
+
+		/* hex_length: 2 ascii hex chars per data byte */
+
+		hex_length = (data_width * 2);
+		for (i = 0, j = (hex_length - 1); i < hex_length; i++, j--) {
+
+			/* Get one hex digit, most significant digits first */
+
+			string[k] = (u8)
+			    acpi_ut_hex_to_ascii_char(integer, ACPI_MUL_4(j));
+			k++;
+		}
+		break;
+
+	default:
+		return (0);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Since leading zeros are suppressed, we must check for the case where
+	 * the integer equals 0
+	 *
+	 * Finally, null terminate the string and return the length
+	 */
+	if (!k) {
+		string[0] = ACPI_ASCII_ZERO;
+		k = 1;
+	}
+
+	string[k] = 0;
+	return ((u32) k);
+}
+
+/*******************************************************************************
+ *
+ * FUNCTION:    acpi_ex_convert_to_string
+ *
+ * PARAMETERS:  obj_desc        - Object to be converted. Must be an
+ *                                Integer, Buffer, or String
+ *              result_desc     - Where the string object is returned
+ *              type            - String flags (base and conversion type)
+ *
+ * RETURN:      Status
+ *
+ * DESCRIPTION: Convert an ACPI Object to a string. Supports both implicit
+ *              and explicit conversions and related rules.
+ *
+ ******************************************************************************/
+
+acpi_status
+acpi_ex_convert_to_string(union acpi_operand_object * obj_desc,
+			  union acpi_operand_object ** result_desc, u32 type)
+{
+	union acpi_operand_object *return_desc;
+	u8 *new_buf;
+	u32 i;
+	u32 string_length = 0;
+	u16 base = 16;
+	u8 separator = ',';
+
+	ACPI_FUNCTION_TRACE_PTR(ex_convert_to_string, obj_desc);
+
+	switch (obj_desc->common.type) {
+	case ACPI_TYPE_STRING:
+
+		/* No conversion necessary */
+
+		*result_desc = obj_desc;
+		return_ACPI_STATUS(AE_OK);
+
+	case ACPI_TYPE_INTEGER:
+
+		switch (type) {
+		case ACPI_EXPLICIT_CONVERT_DECIMAL:
+			/*
+			 * From to_decimal_string, integer source.
+			 *
+			 * Make room for the maximum decimal number size
+			 */
+			string_length = ACPI_MAX_DECIMAL_DIGITS;
+			base = 10;
+			break;
+
+		default:
+
+			/* Two hex string characters for each integer byte */
+
+			string_length = ACPI_MUL_2(acpi_gbl_integer_byte_width);
+			break;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * Create a new String
+		 * Need enough space for one ASCII integer (plus null terminator)
+		 */
+		return_desc =
+		    acpi_ut_create_string_object((acpi_size)string_length);
+		if (!return_desc) {
+			return_ACPI_STATUS(AE_NO_MEMORY);
+		}
+
+		new_buf = return_desc->buffer.pointer;
+
+		/* Convert integer to string */
+
+		string_length =
+		    acpi_ex_convert_to_ascii(obj_desc->integer.value, base,
+					     new_buf,
+					     acpi_gbl_integer_byte_width);
+
+		/* Null terminate at the correct place */
+
+		return_desc->string.length = string_length;
+		new_buf[string_length] = 0;
+		break;
+
+	case ACPI_TYPE_BUFFER:
+
+		/* Setup string length, base, and separator */
+
+		switch (type) {
+		case ACPI_EXPLICIT_CONVERT_DECIMAL:	/* Used by to_decimal_string */
+			/*
+			 * Explicit conversion from the to_decimal_string ASL operator.
+			 *
+			 * From ACPI: "If the input is a buffer, it is converted to a
+			 * a string of decimal values separated by commas."
+			 */
+			base = 10;
+
+			/*
+			 * Calculate the final string length. Individual string values
+			 * are variable length (include separator for each)
+			 */
+			for (i = 0; i < obj_desc->buffer.length; i++) {
+				if (obj_desc->buffer.pointer[i] >= 100) {
+					string_length += 4;
+				} else if (obj_desc->buffer.pointer[i] >= 10) {
+					string_length += 3;
+				} else {
+					string_length += 2;
+				}
+			}
+			break;
+
+		case ACPI_IMPLICIT_CONVERT_HEX:
+			/*
+			 * Implicit buffer-to-string conversion
+			 *
+			 * From the ACPI spec:
+			 * "The entire contents of the buffer are converted to a string of
+			 * two-character hexadecimal numbers, each separated by a space."
+			 *
+			 * Each hex number is prefixed with 0x (11/2018)
+			 */
+			separator = ' ';
+			string_length = (obj_desc->buffer.length * 5);
+			break;
+
+		case ACPI_EXPLICIT_CONVERT_HEX:
+			/*
+			 * Explicit conversion from the to_hex_string ASL operator.
+			 *
+			 * From ACPI: "If Data is a buffer, it is converted to a string of
+			 * hexadecimal values separated by commas."
+			 *
+			 * Each hex number is prefixed with 0x (11/2018)
+			 */
+			separator = ',';
+			string_length = (obj_desc->buffer.length * 5);
+			break;
+
+		default:
+			return_ACPI_STATUS(AE_BAD_PARAMETER);
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * Create a new string object and string buffer
+		 * (-1 because of extra separator included in string_length from above)
+		 * Allow creation of zero-length strings from zero-length buffers.
+		 */
+		if (string_length) {
+			string_length--;
+		}
+
+		return_desc =
+		    acpi_ut_create_string_object((acpi_size)string_length);
+		if (!return_desc) {
+			return_ACPI_STATUS(AE_NO_MEMORY);
+		}
+
+		new_buf = return_desc->buffer.pointer;
+
+		/*
+		 * Convert buffer bytes to hex or decimal values
+		 * (separated by commas or spaces)
+		 */
+		for (i = 0; i < obj_desc->buffer.length; i++) {
+			if (base == 16) {
+
+				/* Emit 0x prefix for explicit/implicit hex conversion */
+
+				*new_buf++ = '0';
+				*new_buf++ = 'x';
+			}
+
+			new_buf += acpi_ex_convert_to_ascii((u64) obj_desc->
+							    buffer.pointer[i],
+							    base, new_buf, 1);
+
+			/* Each digit is separated by either a comma or space */
+
+			*new_buf++ = separator;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * Null terminate the string
+		 * (overwrites final comma/space from above)
+		 */
+		if (obj_desc->buffer.length) {
+			new_buf--;
+		}
+		*new_buf = 0;
+		break;
+
+	default:
+
+		return_ACPI_STATUS(AE_TYPE);
+	}
+
+	*result_desc = return_desc;
+	return_ACPI_STATUS(AE_OK);
+}
+
+/*******************************************************************************
+ *
+ * FUNCTION:    acpi_ex_convert_to_target_type
+ *
+ * PARAMETERS:  destination_type    - Current type of the destination
+ *              source_desc         - Source object to be converted.
+ *              result_desc         - Where the converted object is returned
+ *              walk_state          - Current method state
+ *
+ * RETURN:      Status
+ *
+ * DESCRIPTION: Implements "implicit conversion" rules for storing an object.
+ *
+ ******************************************************************************/
+
+acpi_status
+acpi_ex_convert_to_target_type(acpi_object_type destination_type,
+			       union acpi_operand_object *source_desc,
+			       union acpi_operand_object **result_desc,
+			       struct acpi_walk_state *walk_state)
+{
+	acpi_status status = AE_OK;
+
+	ACPI_FUNCTION_TRACE(ex_convert_to_target_type);
+
+	/* Default behavior */
+
+	*result_desc = source_desc;
+
+	/*
+	 * If required by the target,
+	 * perform implicit conversion on the source before we store it.
+	 */
+	switch (GET_CURRENT_ARG_TYPE(walk_state->op_info->runtime_args)) {
+	case ARGI_SIMPLE_TARGET:
+	case ARGI_FIXED_TARGET:
+	case ARGI_INTEGER_REF:	/* Handles Increment, Decrement cases */
+
+		switch (destination_type) {
+		case ACPI_TYPE_LOCAL_REGION_FIELD:
+			/*
+			 * Named field can always handle conversions
+			 */
+			break;
+
+		default:
+
+			/* No conversion allowed for these types */
+
+			if (destination_type != source_desc->common.type) {
+				ACPI_DEBUG_PRINT((ACPI_DB_INFO,
+						  "Explicit operator, will store (%s) over existing type (%s)\n",
+						  acpi_ut_get_object_type_name
+						  (source_desc),
+						  acpi_ut_get_type_name
+						  (destination_type)));
+				status = AE_TYPE;
+			}
+		}
+		break;
+
+	case ARGI_TARGETREF:
+	case ARGI_STORE_TARGET:
+
+		switch (destination_type) {
+		case ACPI_TYPE_INTEGER:
+		case ACPI_TYPE_BUFFER_FIELD:
+		case ACPI_TYPE_LOCAL_BANK_FIELD:
+		case ACPI_TYPE_LOCAL_INDEX_FIELD:
+			/*
+			 * These types require an Integer operand. We can convert
+			 * a Buffer or a String to an Integer if necessary.
+			 */
+			status =
+			    acpi_ex_convert_to_integer(source_desc, result_desc,
+						       ACPI_IMPLICIT_CONVERSION);
+			break;
+
+		case ACPI_TYPE_STRING:
+			/*
+			 * The operand must be a String. We can convert an
+			 * Integer or Buffer if necessary
+			 */
+			status =
+			    acpi_ex_convert_to_string(source_desc, result_desc,
+						      ACPI_IMPLICIT_CONVERT_HEX);
+			break;
+
+		case ACPI_TYPE_BUFFER:
+			/*
+			 * The operand must be a Buffer. We can convert an
+			 * Integer or String if necessary
+			 */
+			status =
+			    acpi_ex_convert_to_buffer(source_desc, result_desc);
+			break;
+
+		default:
+
+			ACPI_ERROR((AE_INFO,
+				    "Bad destination type during conversion: 0x%X",
+				    destination_type));
+			status = AE_AML_INTERNAL;
+			break;
+		}
+		break;
+
+	case ARGI_REFERENCE:
+		/*
+		 * create_xxxx_field cases - we are storing the field object into the name
+		 */
+		break;
+
+	default:
+
+		ACPI_ERROR((AE_INFO,
+			    "Unknown Target type ID 0x%X AmlOpcode 0x%X DestType %s",
+			    GET_CURRENT_ARG_TYPE(walk_state->op_info->
+						 runtime_args),
+			    walk_state->opcode,
+			    acpi_ut_get_type_name(destination_type)));
+		status = AE_AML_INTERNAL;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Source-to-Target conversion semantics:
+	 *
+	 * If conversion to the target type cannot be performed, then simply
+	 * overwrite the target with the new object and type.
+	 */
+	if (status == AE_TYPE) {
+		status = AE_OK;
+	}
+
+	return_ACPI_STATUS(status);
+}