From 5b7c4cabbb65f5c469464da6c5f614cbd7f730f2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Linus Torvalds Date: Tue, 21 Feb 2023 18:24:12 -0800 Subject: Merge tag 'net-next-6.3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/net-next Pull networking updates from Jakub Kicinski: "Core: - Add dedicated kmem_cache for typical/small skb->head, avoid having to access struct page at kfree time, and improve memory use. - Introduce sysctl to set default RPS configuration for new netdevs. - Define Netlink protocol specification format which can be used to describe messages used by each family and auto-generate parsers. Add tools for generating kernel data structures and uAPI headers. - Expose all net/core sysctls inside netns. - Remove 4s sleep in netpoll if carrier is instantly detected on boot. - Add configurable limit of MDB entries per port, and port-vlan. - Continue populating drop reasons throughout the stack. - Retire a handful of legacy Qdiscs and classifiers. Protocols: - Support IPv4 big TCP (TSO frames larger than 64kB). - Add IP_LOCAL_PORT_RANGE socket option, to control local port range on socket by socket basis. - Track and report in procfs number of MPTCP sockets used. - Support mixing IPv4 and IPv6 flows in the in-kernel MPTCP path manager. - IPv6: don't check net.ipv6.route.max_size and rely on garbage collection to free memory (similarly to IPv4). - Support Penultimate Segment Pop (PSP) flavor in SRv6 (RFC8986). - ICMP: add per-rate limit counters. - Add support for user scanning requests in ieee802154. - Remove static WEP support. - Support minimal Wi-Fi 7 Extremely High Throughput (EHT) rate reporting. - WiFi 7 EHT channel puncturing support (client & AP). BPF: - Add a rbtree data structure following the "next-gen data structure" precedent set by recently added linked list, that is, by using kfunc + kptr instead of adding a new BPF map type. - Expose XDP hints via kfuncs with initial support for RX hash and timestamp metadata. - Add BPF_F_NO_TUNNEL_KEY extension to bpf_skb_set_tunnel_key to better support decap on GRE tunnel devices not operating in collect metadata. - Improve x86 JIT's codegen for PROBE_MEM runtime error checks. - Remove the need for trace_printk_lock for bpf_trace_printk and bpf_trace_vprintk helpers. - Extend libbpf's bpf_tracing.h support for tracing arguments of kprobes/uprobes and syscall as a special case. - Significantly reduce the search time for module symbols by livepatch and BPF. - Enable cpumasks to be used as kptrs, which is useful for tracing programs tracking which tasks end up running on which CPUs in different time intervals. - Add support for BPF trampoline on s390x and riscv64. - Add capability to export the XDP features supported by the NIC. - Add __bpf_kfunc tag for marking kernel functions as kfuncs. - Add cgroup.memory=nobpf kernel parameter option to disable BPF memory accounting for container environments. Netfilter: - Remove the CLUSTERIP target. It has been marked as obsolete for years, and we still have WARN splats wrt races of the out-of-band /proc interface installed by this target. - Add 'destroy' commands to nf_tables. They are identical to the existing 'delete' commands, but do not return an error if the referenced object (set, chain, rule...) did not exist. Driver API: - Improve cpumask_local_spread() locality to help NICs set the right IRQ affinity on AMD platforms. - Separate C22 and C45 MDIO bus transactions more clearly. - Introduce new DCB table to control DSCP rewrite on egress. - Support configuration of Physical Layer Collision Avoidance (PLCA) Reconciliation Sublayer (RS) (802.3cg-2019). Modern version of shared medium Ethernet. - Support for MAC Merge layer (IEEE 802.3-2018 clause 99). Allowing preemption of low priority frames by high priority frames. - Add support for controlling MACSec offload using netlink SET. - Rework devlink instance refcounts to allow registration and de-registration under the instance lock. Split the code into multiple files, drop some of the unnecessarily granular locks and factor out common parts of netlink operation handling. - Add TX frame aggregation parameters (for USB drivers). - Add a new attr TCA_EXT_WARN_MSG to report TC (offload) warning messages with notifications for debug. - Allow offloading of UDP NEW connections via act_ct. - Add support for per action HW stats in TC. - Support hardware miss to TC action (continue processing in SW from a specific point in the action chain). - Warn if old Wireless Extension user space interface is used with modern cfg80211/mac80211 drivers. Do not support Wireless Extensions for Wi-Fi 7 devices at all. Everyone should switch to using nl80211 interface instead. - Improve the CAN bit timing configuration. Use extack to return error messages directly to user space, update the SJW handling, including the definition of a new default value that will benefit CAN-FD controllers, by increasing their oscillator tolerance. New hardware / drivers: - Ethernet: - nVidia BlueField-3 support (control traffic driver) - Ethernet support for imx93 SoCs - Motorcomm yt8531 gigabit Ethernet PHY - onsemi NCN26000 10BASE-T1S PHY (with support for PLCA) - Microchip LAN8841 PHY (incl. cable diagnostics and PTP) - Amlogic gxl MDIO mux - WiFi: - RealTek RTL8188EU (rtl8xxxu) - Qualcomm Wi-Fi 7 devices (ath12k) - CAN: - Renesas R-Car V4H Drivers: - Bluetooth: - Set Per Platform Antenna Gain (PPAG) for Intel controllers. - Ethernet NICs: - Intel (1G, igc): - support TSN / Qbv / packet scheduling features of i226 model - Intel (100G, ice): - use GNSS subsystem instead of TTY - multi-buffer XDP support - extend support for GPIO pins to E823 devices - nVidia/Mellanox: - update the shared buffer configuration on PFC commands - implement PTP adjphase function for HW offset control - TC support for Geneve and GRE with VF tunnel offload - more efficient crypto key management method - multi-port eswitch support - Netronome/Corigine: - add DCB IEEE support - support IPsec offloading for NFP3800 - Freescale/NXP (enetc): - support XDP_REDIRECT for XDP non-linear buffers - improve reconfig, avoid link flap and waiting for idle - support MAC Merge layer - Other NICs: - sfc/ef100: add basic devlink support for ef100 - ionic: rx_push mode operation (writing descriptors via MMIO) - bnxt: use the auxiliary bus abstraction for RDMA - r8169: disable ASPM and reset bus in case of tx timeout - cpsw: support QSGMII mode for J721e CPSW9G - cpts: support pulse-per-second output - ngbe: add an mdio bus driver - usbnet: optimize usbnet_bh() by avoiding unnecessary queuing - r8152: handle devices with FW with NCM support - amd-xgbe: support 10Mbps, 2.5GbE speeds and rx-adaptation - virtio-net: support multi buffer XDP - virtio/vsock: replace virtio_vsock_pkt with sk_buff - tsnep: XDP support - Ethernet high-speed switches: - nVidia/Mellanox (mlxsw): - add support for latency TLV (in FW control messages) - Microchip (sparx5): - separate explicit and implicit traffic forwarding rules, make the implicit rules always active - add support for egress DSCP rewrite - IS0 VCAP support (Ingress Classification) - IS2 VCAP filters (protos, L3 addrs, L4 ports, flags, ToS etc.) - ES2 VCAP support (Egress Access Control) - support for Per-Stream Filtering and Policing (802.1Q, 8.6.5.1) - Ethernet embedded switches: - Marvell (mv88e6xxx): - add MAB (port auth) offload support - enable PTP receive for mv88e6390 - NXP (ocelot): - support MAC Merge layer - support for the the vsc7512 internal copper phys - Microchip: - lan9303: convert to PHYLINK - lan966x: support TC flower filter statistics - lan937x: PTP support for KSZ9563/KSZ8563 and LAN937x - lan937x: support Credit Based Shaper configuration - ksz9477: support Energy Efficient Ethernet - other: - qca8k: convert to regmap read/write API, use bulk operations - rswitch: Improve TX timestamp accuracy - Intel WiFi (iwlwifi): - EHT (Wi-Fi 7) rate reporting - STEP equalizer support: transfer some STEP (connection to radio on platforms with integrated wifi) related parameters from the BIOS to the firmware. - Qualcomm 802.11ax WiFi (ath11k): - IPQ5018 support - Fine Timing Measurement (FTM) responder role support - channel 177 support - MediaTek WiFi (mt76): - per-PHY LED support - mt7996: EHT (Wi-Fi 7) support - Wireless Ethernet Dispatch (WED) reset support - switch to using page pool allocator - RealTek WiFi (rtw89): - support new version of Bluetooth co-existance - Mobile: - rmnet: support TX aggregation" * tag 'net-next-6.3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/net-next: (1872 commits) page_pool: add a comment explaining the fragment counter usage net: ethtool: fix __ethtool_dev_mm_supported() implementation ethtool: pse-pd: Fix double word in comments xsk: add linux/vmalloc.h to xsk.c sefltests: netdevsim: wait for devlink instance after netns removal selftest: fib_tests: Always cleanup before exit net/mlx5e: Align IPsec ASO result memory to be as required by hardware net/mlx5e: TC, Set CT miss to the specific ct action instance net/mlx5e: Rename CHAIN_TO_REG to MAPPED_OBJ_TO_REG net/mlx5: Refactor tc miss handling to a single function net/mlx5: Kconfig: Make tc offload depend on tc skb extension net/sched: flower: Support hardware miss to tc action net/sched: flower: Move filter handle initialization earlier net/sched: cls_api: Support hardware miss to tc action net/sched: Rename user cookie and act cookie sfc: fix builds without CONFIG_RTC_LIB sfc: clean up some inconsistent indentings net/mlx4_en: Introduce flexible array to silence overflow warning net: lan966x: Fix possible deadlock inside PTP net/ulp: Remove redundant ->clone() test in inet_clone_ulp(). ... --- Documentation/filesystems/affs.rst | 250 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 250 insertions(+) create mode 100644 Documentation/filesystems/affs.rst (limited to 'Documentation/filesystems/affs.rst') diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/affs.rst b/Documentation/filesystems/affs.rst new file mode 100644 index 000000000..5776cbd5f --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/filesystems/affs.rst @@ -0,0 +1,250 @@ +.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 + +============================= +Overview of Amiga Filesystems +============================= + +Not all varieties of the Amiga filesystems are supported for reading and +writing. The Amiga currently knows six different filesystems: + +============== =============================================================== +DOS\0 The old or original filesystem, not really suited for + hard disks and normally not used on them, either. + Supported read/write. + +DOS\1 The original Fast File System. Supported read/write. + +DOS\2 The old "international" filesystem. International means that + a bug has been fixed so that accented ("international") letters + in file names are case-insensitive, as they ought to be. + Supported read/write. + +DOS\3 The "international" Fast File System. Supported read/write. + +DOS\4 The original filesystem with directory cache. The directory + cache speeds up directory accesses on floppies considerably, + but slows down file creation/deletion. Doesn't make much + sense on hard disks. Supported read only. + +DOS\5 The Fast File System with directory cache. Supported read only. +============== =============================================================== + +All of the above filesystems allow block sizes from 512 to 32K bytes. +Supported block sizes are: 512, 1024, 2048 and 4096 bytes. Larger blocks +speed up almost everything at the expense of wasted disk space. The speed +gain above 4K seems not really worth the price, so you don't lose too +much here, either. + +The muFS (multi user File System) equivalents of the above file systems +are supported, too. + +Mount options for the AFFS +========================== + +protect + If this option is set, the protection bits cannot be altered. + +setuid[=uid] + This sets the owner of all files and directories in the file + system to uid or the uid of the current user, respectively. + +setgid[=gid] + Same as above, but for gid. + +mode=mode + Sets the mode flags to the given (octal) value, regardless + of the original permissions. Directories will get an x + permission if the corresponding r bit is set. + This is useful since most of the plain AmigaOS files + will map to 600. + +nofilenametruncate + The file system will return an error when filename exceeds + standard maximum filename length (30 characters). + +reserved=num + Sets the number of reserved blocks at the start of the + partition to num. You should never need this option. + Default is 2. + +root=block + Sets the block number of the root block. This should never + be necessary. + +bs=blksize + Sets the blocksize to blksize. Valid block sizes are 512, + 1024, 2048 and 4096. Like the root option, this should + never be necessary, as the affs can figure it out itself. + +quiet + The file system will not return an error for disallowed + mode changes. + +verbose + The volume name, file system type and block size will + be written to the syslog when the filesystem is mounted. + +mufs + The filesystem is really a muFS, also it doesn't + identify itself as one. This option is necessary if + the filesystem wasn't formatted as muFS, but is used + as one. + +prefix=path + Path will be prefixed to every absolute path name of + symbolic links on an AFFS partition. Default = "/". + (See below.) + +volume=name + When symbolic links with an absolute path are created + on an AFFS partition, name will be prepended as the + volume name. Default = "" (empty string). + (See below.) + +Handling of the Users/Groups and protection flags +================================================= + +Amiga -> Linux: + +The Amiga protection flags RWEDRWEDHSPARWED are handled as follows: + + - R maps to r for user, group and others. On directories, R implies x. + + - W maps to w. + + - E maps to x. + + - D is ignored. + + - H, S and P are always retained and ignored under Linux. + + - A is cleared when a file is written to. + +User id and group id will be used unless set[gu]id are given as mount +options. Since most of the Amiga file systems are single user systems +they will be owned by root. The root directory (the mount point) of the +Amiga filesystem will be owned by the user who actually mounts the +filesystem (the root directory doesn't have uid/gid fields). + +Linux -> Amiga: + +The Linux rwxrwxrwx file mode is handled as follows: + + - r permission will allow R for user, group and others. + + - w permission will allow W for user, group and others. + + - x permission of the user will allow E for plain files. + + - D will be allowed for user, group and others. + + - All other flags (suid, sgid, ...) are ignored and will + not be retained. + +Newly created files and directories will get the user and group ID +of the current user and a mode according to the umask. + +Symbolic links +============== + +Although the Amiga and Linux file systems resemble each other, there +are some, not always subtle, differences. One of them becomes apparent +with symbolic links. While Linux has a file system with exactly one +root directory, the Amiga has a separate root directory for each +file system (for example, partition, floppy disk, ...). With the Amiga, +these entities are called "volumes". They have symbolic names which +can be used to access them. Thus, symbolic links can point to a +different volume. AFFS turns the volume name into a directory name +and prepends the prefix path (see prefix option) to it. + +Example: +You mount all your Amiga partitions under /amiga/ (where + is the name of the volume), and you give the option +"prefix=/amiga/" when mounting all your AFFS partitions. (They +might be "User", "WB" and "Graphics", the mount points /amiga/User, +/amiga/WB and /amiga/Graphics). A symbolic link referring to +"User:sc/include/dos/dos.h" will be followed to +"/amiga/User/sc/include/dos/dos.h". + +Examples +======== + +Command line:: + + mount Archive/Amiga/Workbench3.1.adf /mnt -t affs -o loop,verbose + mount /dev/sda3 /Amiga -t affs + +/etc/fstab entry:: + + /dev/sdb5 /amiga/Workbench affs noauto,user,exec,verbose 0 0 + +IMPORTANT NOTE +============== + +If you boot Windows 95 (don't know about 3.x, 98 and NT) while you +have an Amiga harddisk connected to your PC, it will overwrite +the bytes 0x00dc..0x00df of block 0 with garbage, thus invalidating +the Rigid Disk Block. Sheer luck has it that this is an unused +area of the RDB, so only the checksum doesn't match anymore. +Linux will ignore this garbage and recognize the RDB anyway, but +before you connect that drive to your Amiga again, you must +restore or repair your RDB. So please do make a backup copy of it +before booting Windows! + +If the damage is already done, the following should fix the RDB +(where is the device name). + +DO AT YOUR OWN RISK:: + + dd if=/dev/ of=rdb.tmp count=1 + cp rdb.tmp rdb.fixed + dd if=/dev/zero of=rdb.fixed bs=1 seek=220 count=4 + dd if=rdb.fixed of=/dev/ + +Bugs, Restrictions, Caveats +=========================== + +Quite a few things may not work as advertised. Not everything is +tested, though several hundred MB have been read and written using +this fs. For a most up-to-date list of bugs please consult +fs/affs/Changes. + +By default, filenames are truncated to 30 characters without warning. +'nofilenametruncate' mount option can change that behavior. + +Case is ignored by the affs in filename matching, but Linux shells +do care about the case. Example (with /wb being an affs mounted fs):: + + rm /wb/WRONGCASE + +will remove /mnt/wrongcase, but:: + + rm /wb/WR* + +will not since the names are matched by the shell. + +The block allocation is designed for hard disk partitions. If more +than 1 process writes to a (small) diskette, the blocks are allocated +in an ugly way (but the real AFFS doesn't do much better). This +is also true when space gets tight. + +You cannot execute programs on an OFS (Old File System), since the +program files cannot be memory mapped due to the 488 byte blocks. +For the same reason you cannot mount an image on such a filesystem +via the loopback device. + +The bitmap valid flag in the root block may not be accurate when the +system crashes while an affs partition is mounted. There's currently +no way to fix a garbled filesystem without an Amiga (disk validator) +or manually (who would do this?). Maybe later. + +If you mount affs partitions on system startup, you may want to tell +fsck that the fs should not be checked (place a '0' in the sixth field +of /etc/fstab). + +It's not possible to read floppy disks with a normal PC or workstation +due to an incompatibility with the Amiga floppy controller. + +If you are interested in an Amiga Emulator for Linux, look at + +http://web.archive.org/web/%2E/http://www.freiburg.linux.de/~uae/ -- cgit v1.2.3