From 5b7c4cabbb65f5c469464da6c5f614cbd7f730f2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Linus Torvalds Date: Tue, 21 Feb 2023 18:24:12 -0800 Subject: Merge tag 'net-next-6.3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/net-next Pull networking updates from Jakub Kicinski: "Core: - Add dedicated kmem_cache for typical/small skb->head, avoid having to access struct page at kfree time, and improve memory use. - Introduce sysctl to set default RPS configuration for new netdevs. - Define Netlink protocol specification format which can be used to describe messages used by each family and auto-generate parsers. Add tools for generating kernel data structures and uAPI headers. - Expose all net/core sysctls inside netns. - Remove 4s sleep in netpoll if carrier is instantly detected on boot. - Add configurable limit of MDB entries per port, and port-vlan. - Continue populating drop reasons throughout the stack. - Retire a handful of legacy Qdiscs and classifiers. Protocols: - Support IPv4 big TCP (TSO frames larger than 64kB). - Add IP_LOCAL_PORT_RANGE socket option, to control local port range on socket by socket basis. - Track and report in procfs number of MPTCP sockets used. - Support mixing IPv4 and IPv6 flows in the in-kernel MPTCP path manager. - IPv6: don't check net.ipv6.route.max_size and rely on garbage collection to free memory (similarly to IPv4). - Support Penultimate Segment Pop (PSP) flavor in SRv6 (RFC8986). - ICMP: add per-rate limit counters. - Add support for user scanning requests in ieee802154. - Remove static WEP support. - Support minimal Wi-Fi 7 Extremely High Throughput (EHT) rate reporting. - WiFi 7 EHT channel puncturing support (client & AP). BPF: - Add a rbtree data structure following the "next-gen data structure" precedent set by recently added linked list, that is, by using kfunc + kptr instead of adding a new BPF map type. - Expose XDP hints via kfuncs with initial support for RX hash and timestamp metadata. - Add BPF_F_NO_TUNNEL_KEY extension to bpf_skb_set_tunnel_key to better support decap on GRE tunnel devices not operating in collect metadata. - Improve x86 JIT's codegen for PROBE_MEM runtime error checks. - Remove the need for trace_printk_lock for bpf_trace_printk and bpf_trace_vprintk helpers. - Extend libbpf's bpf_tracing.h support for tracing arguments of kprobes/uprobes and syscall as a special case. - Significantly reduce the search time for module symbols by livepatch and BPF. - Enable cpumasks to be used as kptrs, which is useful for tracing programs tracking which tasks end up running on which CPUs in different time intervals. - Add support for BPF trampoline on s390x and riscv64. - Add capability to export the XDP features supported by the NIC. - Add __bpf_kfunc tag for marking kernel functions as kfuncs. - Add cgroup.memory=nobpf kernel parameter option to disable BPF memory accounting for container environments. Netfilter: - Remove the CLUSTERIP target. It has been marked as obsolete for years, and we still have WARN splats wrt races of the out-of-band /proc interface installed by this target. - Add 'destroy' commands to nf_tables. They are identical to the existing 'delete' commands, but do not return an error if the referenced object (set, chain, rule...) did not exist. Driver API: - Improve cpumask_local_spread() locality to help NICs set the right IRQ affinity on AMD platforms. - Separate C22 and C45 MDIO bus transactions more clearly. - Introduce new DCB table to control DSCP rewrite on egress. - Support configuration of Physical Layer Collision Avoidance (PLCA) Reconciliation Sublayer (RS) (802.3cg-2019). Modern version of shared medium Ethernet. - Support for MAC Merge layer (IEEE 802.3-2018 clause 99). Allowing preemption of low priority frames by high priority frames. - Add support for controlling MACSec offload using netlink SET. - Rework devlink instance refcounts to allow registration and de-registration under the instance lock. Split the code into multiple files, drop some of the unnecessarily granular locks and factor out common parts of netlink operation handling. - Add TX frame aggregation parameters (for USB drivers). - Add a new attr TCA_EXT_WARN_MSG to report TC (offload) warning messages with notifications for debug. - Allow offloading of UDP NEW connections via act_ct. - Add support for per action HW stats in TC. - Support hardware miss to TC action (continue processing in SW from a specific point in the action chain). - Warn if old Wireless Extension user space interface is used with modern cfg80211/mac80211 drivers. Do not support Wireless Extensions for Wi-Fi 7 devices at all. Everyone should switch to using nl80211 interface instead. - Improve the CAN bit timing configuration. Use extack to return error messages directly to user space, update the SJW handling, including the definition of a new default value that will benefit CAN-FD controllers, by increasing their oscillator tolerance. New hardware / drivers: - Ethernet: - nVidia BlueField-3 support (control traffic driver) - Ethernet support for imx93 SoCs - Motorcomm yt8531 gigabit Ethernet PHY - onsemi NCN26000 10BASE-T1S PHY (with support for PLCA) - Microchip LAN8841 PHY (incl. cable diagnostics and PTP) - Amlogic gxl MDIO mux - WiFi: - RealTek RTL8188EU (rtl8xxxu) - Qualcomm Wi-Fi 7 devices (ath12k) - CAN: - Renesas R-Car V4H Drivers: - Bluetooth: - Set Per Platform Antenna Gain (PPAG) for Intel controllers. - Ethernet NICs: - Intel (1G, igc): - support TSN / Qbv / packet scheduling features of i226 model - Intel (100G, ice): - use GNSS subsystem instead of TTY - multi-buffer XDP support - extend support for GPIO pins to E823 devices - nVidia/Mellanox: - update the shared buffer configuration on PFC commands - implement PTP adjphase function for HW offset control - TC support for Geneve and GRE with VF tunnel offload - more efficient crypto key management method - multi-port eswitch support - Netronome/Corigine: - add DCB IEEE support - support IPsec offloading for NFP3800 - Freescale/NXP (enetc): - support XDP_REDIRECT for XDP non-linear buffers - improve reconfig, avoid link flap and waiting for idle - support MAC Merge layer - Other NICs: - sfc/ef100: add basic devlink support for ef100 - ionic: rx_push mode operation (writing descriptors via MMIO) - bnxt: use the auxiliary bus abstraction for RDMA - r8169: disable ASPM and reset bus in case of tx timeout - cpsw: support QSGMII mode for J721e CPSW9G - cpts: support pulse-per-second output - ngbe: add an mdio bus driver - usbnet: optimize usbnet_bh() by avoiding unnecessary queuing - r8152: handle devices with FW with NCM support - amd-xgbe: support 10Mbps, 2.5GbE speeds and rx-adaptation - virtio-net: support multi buffer XDP - virtio/vsock: replace virtio_vsock_pkt with sk_buff - tsnep: XDP support - Ethernet high-speed switches: - nVidia/Mellanox (mlxsw): - add support for latency TLV (in FW control messages) - Microchip (sparx5): - separate explicit and implicit traffic forwarding rules, make the implicit rules always active - add support for egress DSCP rewrite - IS0 VCAP support (Ingress Classification) - IS2 VCAP filters (protos, L3 addrs, L4 ports, flags, ToS etc.) - ES2 VCAP support (Egress Access Control) - support for Per-Stream Filtering and Policing (802.1Q, 8.6.5.1) - Ethernet embedded switches: - Marvell (mv88e6xxx): - add MAB (port auth) offload support - enable PTP receive for mv88e6390 - NXP (ocelot): - support MAC Merge layer - support for the the vsc7512 internal copper phys - Microchip: - lan9303: convert to PHYLINK - lan966x: support TC flower filter statistics - lan937x: PTP support for KSZ9563/KSZ8563 and LAN937x - lan937x: support Credit Based Shaper configuration - ksz9477: support Energy Efficient Ethernet - other: - qca8k: convert to regmap read/write API, use bulk operations - rswitch: Improve TX timestamp accuracy - Intel WiFi (iwlwifi): - EHT (Wi-Fi 7) rate reporting - STEP equalizer support: transfer some STEP (connection to radio on platforms with integrated wifi) related parameters from the BIOS to the firmware. - Qualcomm 802.11ax WiFi (ath11k): - IPQ5018 support - Fine Timing Measurement (FTM) responder role support - channel 177 support - MediaTek WiFi (mt76): - per-PHY LED support - mt7996: EHT (Wi-Fi 7) support - Wireless Ethernet Dispatch (WED) reset support - switch to using page pool allocator - RealTek WiFi (rtw89): - support new version of Bluetooth co-existance - Mobile: - rmnet: support TX aggregation" * tag 'net-next-6.3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/net-next: (1872 commits) page_pool: add a comment explaining the fragment counter usage net: ethtool: fix __ethtool_dev_mm_supported() implementation ethtool: pse-pd: Fix double word in comments xsk: add linux/vmalloc.h to xsk.c sefltests: netdevsim: wait for devlink instance after netns removal selftest: fib_tests: Always cleanup before exit net/mlx5e: Align IPsec ASO result memory to be as required by hardware net/mlx5e: TC, Set CT miss to the specific ct action instance net/mlx5e: Rename CHAIN_TO_REG to MAPPED_OBJ_TO_REG net/mlx5: Refactor tc miss handling to a single function net/mlx5: Kconfig: Make tc offload depend on tc skb extension net/sched: flower: Support hardware miss to tc action net/sched: flower: Move filter handle initialization earlier net/sched: cls_api: Support hardware miss to tc action net/sched: Rename user cookie and act cookie sfc: fix builds without CONFIG_RTC_LIB sfc: clean up some inconsistent indentings net/mlx4_en: Introduce flexible array to silence overflow warning net: lan966x: Fix possible deadlock inside PTP net/ulp: Remove redundant ->clone() test in inet_clone_ulp(). ... --- Documentation/livepatch/callbacks.rst | 133 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 133 insertions(+) create mode 100644 Documentation/livepatch/callbacks.rst (limited to 'Documentation/livepatch/callbacks.rst') diff --git a/Documentation/livepatch/callbacks.rst b/Documentation/livepatch/callbacks.rst new file mode 100644 index 000000000..470944aa8 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/livepatch/callbacks.rst @@ -0,0 +1,133 @@ +====================== +(Un)patching Callbacks +====================== + +Livepatch (un)patch-callbacks provide a mechanism for livepatch modules +to execute callback functions when a kernel object is (un)patched. They +can be considered a **power feature** that **extends livepatching abilities** +to include: + + - Safe updates to global data + + - "Patches" to init and probe functions + + - Patching otherwise unpatchable code (i.e. assembly) + +In most cases, (un)patch callbacks will need to be used in conjunction +with memory barriers and kernel synchronization primitives, like +mutexes/spinlocks, or even stop_machine(), to avoid concurrency issues. + +1. Motivation +============= + +Callbacks differ from existing kernel facilities: + + - Module init/exit code doesn't run when disabling and re-enabling a + patch. + + - A module notifier can't stop a to-be-patched module from loading. + +Callbacks are part of the klp_object structure and their implementation +is specific to that klp_object. Other livepatch objects may or may not +be patched, irrespective of the target klp_object's current state. + +2. Callback types +================= + +Callbacks can be registered for the following livepatch actions: + + * Pre-patch + - before a klp_object is patched + + * Post-patch + - after a klp_object has been patched and is active + across all tasks + + * Pre-unpatch + - before a klp_object is unpatched (ie, patched code is + active), used to clean up post-patch callback + resources + + * Post-unpatch + - after a klp_object has been patched, all code has + been restored and no tasks are running patched code, + used to cleanup pre-patch callback resources + +3. How it works +=============== + +Each callback is optional, omitting one does not preclude specifying any +other. However, the livepatching core executes the handlers in +symmetry: pre-patch callbacks have a post-unpatch counterpart and +post-patch callbacks have a pre-unpatch counterpart. An unpatch +callback will only be executed if its corresponding patch callback was +executed. Typical use cases pair a patch handler that acquires and +configures resources with an unpatch handler tears down and releases +those same resources. + +A callback is only executed if its host klp_object is loaded. For +in-kernel vmlinux targets, this means that callbacks will always execute +when a livepatch is enabled/disabled. For patch target kernel modules, +callbacks will only execute if the target module is loaded. When a +module target is (un)loaded, its callbacks will execute only if the +livepatch module is enabled. + +The pre-patch callback, if specified, is expected to return a status +code (0 for success, -ERRNO on error). An error status code indicates +to the livepatching core that patching of the current klp_object is not +safe and to stop the current patching request. (When no pre-patch +callback is provided, the transition is assumed to be safe.) If a +pre-patch callback returns failure, the kernel's module loader will: + + - Refuse to load a livepatch, if the livepatch is loaded after + targeted code. + + or: + + - Refuse to load a module, if the livepatch was already successfully + loaded. + +No post-patch, pre-unpatch, or post-unpatch callbacks will be executed +for a given klp_object if the object failed to patch, due to a failed +pre_patch callback or for any other reason. + +If a patch transition is reversed, no pre-unpatch handlers will be run +(this follows the previously mentioned symmetry -- pre-unpatch callbacks +will only occur if their corresponding post-patch callback executed). + +If the object did successfully patch, but the patch transition never +started for some reason (e.g., if another object failed to patch), +only the post-unpatch callback will be called. + +4. Use cases +============ + +Sample livepatch modules demonstrating the callback API can be found in +samples/livepatch/ directory. These samples were modified for use in +kselftests and can be found in the lib/livepatch directory. + +Global data update +------------------ + +A pre-patch callback can be useful to update a global variable. For +example, 75ff39ccc1bd ("tcp: make challenge acks less predictable") +changes a global sysctl, as well as patches the tcp_send_challenge_ack() +function. + +In this case, if we're being super paranoid, it might make sense to +patch the data *after* patching is complete with a post-patch callback, +so that tcp_send_challenge_ack() could first be changed to read +sysctl_tcp_challenge_ack_limit with READ_ONCE. + +__init and probe function patches support +----------------------------------------- + +Although __init and probe functions are not directly livepatch-able, it +may be possible to implement similar updates via pre/post-patch +callbacks. + +The commit ``48900cb6af42 ("virtio-net: drop NETIF_F_FRAGLIST")`` change the way that +virtnet_probe() initialized its driver's net_device features. A +pre/post-patch callback could iterate over all such devices, making a +similar change to their hw_features value. (Client functions of the +value may need to be updated accordingly.) -- cgit v1.2.3