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author | 2023-02-21 18:24:12 -0800 | |
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committer | 2023-02-21 18:24:12 -0800 | |
commit | 5b7c4cabbb65f5c469464da6c5f614cbd7f730f2 (patch) | |
tree | cc5c2d0a898769fd59549594fedb3ee6f84e59a0 /Documentation/admin-guide/ldm.rst | |
download | linux-5b7c4cabbb65f5c469464da6c5f614cbd7f730f2.tar.gz linux-5b7c4cabbb65f5c469464da6c5f614cbd7f730f2.zip |
Merge tag 'net-next-6.3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/net-nextgrafted
Pull networking updates from Jakub Kicinski:
"Core:
- Add dedicated kmem_cache for typical/small skb->head, avoid having
to access struct page at kfree time, and improve memory use.
- Introduce sysctl to set default RPS configuration for new netdevs.
- Define Netlink protocol specification format which can be used to
describe messages used by each family and auto-generate parsers.
Add tools for generating kernel data structures and uAPI headers.
- Expose all net/core sysctls inside netns.
- Remove 4s sleep in netpoll if carrier is instantly detected on
boot.
- Add configurable limit of MDB entries per port, and port-vlan.
- Continue populating drop reasons throughout the stack.
- Retire a handful of legacy Qdiscs and classifiers.
Protocols:
- Support IPv4 big TCP (TSO frames larger than 64kB).
- Add IP_LOCAL_PORT_RANGE socket option, to control local port range
on socket by socket basis.
- Track and report in procfs number of MPTCP sockets used.
- Support mixing IPv4 and IPv6 flows in the in-kernel MPTCP path
manager.
- IPv6: don't check net.ipv6.route.max_size and rely on garbage
collection to free memory (similarly to IPv4).
- Support Penultimate Segment Pop (PSP) flavor in SRv6 (RFC8986).
- ICMP: add per-rate limit counters.
- Add support for user scanning requests in ieee802154.
- Remove static WEP support.
- Support minimal Wi-Fi 7 Extremely High Throughput (EHT) rate
reporting.
- WiFi 7 EHT channel puncturing support (client & AP).
BPF:
- Add a rbtree data structure following the "next-gen data structure"
precedent set by recently added linked list, that is, by using
kfunc + kptr instead of adding a new BPF map type.
- Expose XDP hints via kfuncs with initial support for RX hash and
timestamp metadata.
- Add BPF_F_NO_TUNNEL_KEY extension to bpf_skb_set_tunnel_key to
better support decap on GRE tunnel devices not operating in collect
metadata.
- Improve x86 JIT's codegen for PROBE_MEM runtime error checks.
- Remove the need for trace_printk_lock for bpf_trace_printk and
bpf_trace_vprintk helpers.
- Extend libbpf's bpf_tracing.h support for tracing arguments of
kprobes/uprobes and syscall as a special case.
- Significantly reduce the search time for module symbols by
livepatch and BPF.
- Enable cpumasks to be used as kptrs, which is useful for tracing
programs tracking which tasks end up running on which CPUs in
different time intervals.
- Add support for BPF trampoline on s390x and riscv64.
- Add capability to export the XDP features supported by the NIC.
- Add __bpf_kfunc tag for marking kernel functions as kfuncs.
- Add cgroup.memory=nobpf kernel parameter option to disable BPF
memory accounting for container environments.
Netfilter:
- Remove the CLUSTERIP target. It has been marked as obsolete for
years, and we still have WARN splats wrt races of the out-of-band
/proc interface installed by this target.
- Add 'destroy' commands to nf_tables. They are identical to the
existing 'delete' commands, but do not return an error if the
referenced object (set, chain, rule...) did not exist.
Driver API:
- Improve cpumask_local_spread() locality to help NICs set the right
IRQ affinity on AMD platforms.
- Separate C22 and C45 MDIO bus transactions more clearly.
- Introduce new DCB table to control DSCP rewrite on egress.
- Support configuration of Physical Layer Collision Avoidance (PLCA)
Reconciliation Sublayer (RS) (802.3cg-2019). Modern version of
shared medium Ethernet.
- Support for MAC Merge layer (IEEE 802.3-2018 clause 99). Allowing
preemption of low priority frames by high priority frames.
- Add support for controlling MACSec offload using netlink SET.
- Rework devlink instance refcounts to allow registration and
de-registration under the instance lock. Split the code into
multiple files, drop some of the unnecessarily granular locks and
factor out common parts of netlink operation handling.
- Add TX frame aggregation parameters (for USB drivers).
- Add a new attr TCA_EXT_WARN_MSG to report TC (offload) warning
messages with notifications for debug.
- Allow offloading of UDP NEW connections via act_ct.
- Add support for per action HW stats in TC.
- Support hardware miss to TC action (continue processing in SW from
a specific point in the action chain).
- Warn if old Wireless Extension user space interface is used with
modern cfg80211/mac80211 drivers. Do not support Wireless
Extensions for Wi-Fi 7 devices at all. Everyone should switch to
using nl80211 interface instead.
- Improve the CAN bit timing configuration. Use extack to return
error messages directly to user space, update the SJW handling,
including the definition of a new default value that will benefit
CAN-FD controllers, by increasing their oscillator tolerance.
New hardware / drivers:
- Ethernet:
- nVidia BlueField-3 support (control traffic driver)
- Ethernet support for imx93 SoCs
- Motorcomm yt8531 gigabit Ethernet PHY
- onsemi NCN26000 10BASE-T1S PHY (with support for PLCA)
- Microchip LAN8841 PHY (incl. cable diagnostics and PTP)
- Amlogic gxl MDIO mux
- WiFi:
- RealTek RTL8188EU (rtl8xxxu)
- Qualcomm Wi-Fi 7 devices (ath12k)
- CAN:
- Renesas R-Car V4H
Drivers:
- Bluetooth:
- Set Per Platform Antenna Gain (PPAG) for Intel controllers.
- Ethernet NICs:
- Intel (1G, igc):
- support TSN / Qbv / packet scheduling features of i226 model
- Intel (100G, ice):
- use GNSS subsystem instead of TTY
- multi-buffer XDP support
- extend support for GPIO pins to E823 devices
- nVidia/Mellanox:
- update the shared buffer configuration on PFC commands
- implement PTP adjphase function for HW offset control
- TC support for Geneve and GRE with VF tunnel offload
- more efficient crypto key management method
- multi-port eswitch support
- Netronome/Corigine:
- add DCB IEEE support
- support IPsec offloading for NFP3800
- Freescale/NXP (enetc):
- support XDP_REDIRECT for XDP non-linear buffers
- improve reconfig, avoid link flap and waiting for idle
- support MAC Merge layer
- Other NICs:
- sfc/ef100: add basic devlink support for ef100
- ionic: rx_push mode operation (writing descriptors via MMIO)
- bnxt: use the auxiliary bus abstraction for RDMA
- r8169: disable ASPM and reset bus in case of tx timeout
- cpsw: support QSGMII mode for J721e CPSW9G
- cpts: support pulse-per-second output
- ngbe: add an mdio bus driver
- usbnet: optimize usbnet_bh() by avoiding unnecessary queuing
- r8152: handle devices with FW with NCM support
- amd-xgbe: support 10Mbps, 2.5GbE speeds and rx-adaptation
- virtio-net: support multi buffer XDP
- virtio/vsock: replace virtio_vsock_pkt with sk_buff
- tsnep: XDP support
- Ethernet high-speed switches:
- nVidia/Mellanox (mlxsw):
- add support for latency TLV (in FW control messages)
- Microchip (sparx5):
- separate explicit and implicit traffic forwarding rules, make
the implicit rules always active
- add support for egress DSCP rewrite
- IS0 VCAP support (Ingress Classification)
- IS2 VCAP filters (protos, L3 addrs, L4 ports, flags, ToS
etc.)
- ES2 VCAP support (Egress Access Control)
- support for Per-Stream Filtering and Policing (802.1Q,
8.6.5.1)
- Ethernet embedded switches:
- Marvell (mv88e6xxx):
- add MAB (port auth) offload support
- enable PTP receive for mv88e6390
- NXP (ocelot):
- support MAC Merge layer
- support for the the vsc7512 internal copper phys
- Microchip:
- lan9303: convert to PHYLINK
- lan966x: support TC flower filter statistics
- lan937x: PTP support for KSZ9563/KSZ8563 and LAN937x
- lan937x: support Credit Based Shaper configuration
- ksz9477: support Energy Efficient Ethernet
- other:
- qca8k: convert to regmap read/write API, use bulk operations
- rswitch: Improve TX timestamp accuracy
- Intel WiFi (iwlwifi):
- EHT (Wi-Fi 7) rate reporting
- STEP equalizer support: transfer some STEP (connection to radio
on platforms with integrated wifi) related parameters from the
BIOS to the firmware.
- Qualcomm 802.11ax WiFi (ath11k):
- IPQ5018 support
- Fine Timing Measurement (FTM) responder role support
- channel 177 support
- MediaTek WiFi (mt76):
- per-PHY LED support
- mt7996: EHT (Wi-Fi 7) support
- Wireless Ethernet Dispatch (WED) reset support
- switch to using page pool allocator
- RealTek WiFi (rtw89):
- support new version of Bluetooth co-existance
- Mobile:
- rmnet: support TX aggregation"
* tag 'net-next-6.3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/net-next: (1872 commits)
page_pool: add a comment explaining the fragment counter usage
net: ethtool: fix __ethtool_dev_mm_supported() implementation
ethtool: pse-pd: Fix double word in comments
xsk: add linux/vmalloc.h to xsk.c
sefltests: netdevsim: wait for devlink instance after netns removal
selftest: fib_tests: Always cleanup before exit
net/mlx5e: Align IPsec ASO result memory to be as required by hardware
net/mlx5e: TC, Set CT miss to the specific ct action instance
net/mlx5e: Rename CHAIN_TO_REG to MAPPED_OBJ_TO_REG
net/mlx5: Refactor tc miss handling to a single function
net/mlx5: Kconfig: Make tc offload depend on tc skb extension
net/sched: flower: Support hardware miss to tc action
net/sched: flower: Move filter handle initialization earlier
net/sched: cls_api: Support hardware miss to tc action
net/sched: Rename user cookie and act cookie
sfc: fix builds without CONFIG_RTC_LIB
sfc: clean up some inconsistent indentings
net/mlx4_en: Introduce flexible array to silence overflow warning
net: lan966x: Fix possible deadlock inside PTP
net/ulp: Remove redundant ->clone() test in inet_clone_ulp().
...
Diffstat (limited to 'Documentation/admin-guide/ldm.rst')
-rw-r--r-- | Documentation/admin-guide/ldm.rst | 121 |
1 files changed, 121 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/admin-guide/ldm.rst b/Documentation/admin-guide/ldm.rst new file mode 100644 index 000000000..12c571368 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/admin-guide/ldm.rst @@ -0,0 +1,121 @@ +========================================== +LDM - Logical Disk Manager (Dynamic Disks) +========================================== + +:Author: Originally Written by FlatCap - Richard Russon <ldm@flatcap.org>. +:Last Updated: Anton Altaparmakov on 30 March 2007 for Windows Vista. + +Overview +-------- + +Windows 2000, XP, and Vista use a new partitioning scheme. It is a complete +replacement for the MSDOS style partitions. It stores its information in a +1MiB journalled database at the end of the physical disk. The size of +partitions is limited only by disk space. The maximum number of partitions is +nearly 2000. + +Any partitions created under the LDM are called "Dynamic Disks". There are no +longer any primary or extended partitions. Normal MSDOS style partitions are +now known as Basic Disks. + +If you wish to use Spanned, Striped, Mirrored or RAID 5 Volumes, you must use +Dynamic Disks. The journalling allows Windows to make changes to these +partitions and filesystems without the need to reboot. + +Once the LDM driver has divided up the disk, you can use the MD driver to +assemble any multi-partition volumes, e.g. Stripes, RAID5. + +To prevent legacy applications from repartitioning the disk, the LDM creates a +dummy MSDOS partition containing one disk-sized partition. This is what is +supported with the Linux LDM driver. + +A newer approach that has been implemented with Vista is to put LDM on top of a +GPT label disk. This is not supported by the Linux LDM driver yet. + + +Example +------- + +Below we have a 50MiB disk, divided into seven partitions. + +.. note:: + + The missing 1MiB at the end of the disk is where the LDM database is + stored. + ++-------++--------------+---------+-----++--------------+---------+----+ +|Device || Offset Bytes | Sectors | MiB || Size Bytes | Sectors | MiB| ++=======++==============+=========+=====++==============+=========+====+ +|hda || 0 | 0 | 0 || 52428800 | 102400 | 50| ++-------++--------------+---------+-----++--------------+---------+----+ +|hda1 || 51380224 | 100352 | 49 || 1048576 | 2048 | 1| ++-------++--------------+---------+-----++--------------+---------+----+ +|hda2 || 16384 | 32 | 0 || 6979584 | 13632 | 6| ++-------++--------------+---------+-----++--------------+---------+----+ +|hda3 || 6995968 | 13664 | 6 || 10485760 | 20480 | 10| ++-------++--------------+---------+-----++--------------+---------+----+ +|hda4 || 17481728 | 34144 | 16 || 4194304 | 8192 | 4| ++-------++--------------+---------+-----++--------------+---------+----+ +|hda5 || 21676032 | 42336 | 20 || 5242880 | 10240 | 5| ++-------++--------------+---------+-----++--------------+---------+----+ +|hda6 || 26918912 | 52576 | 25 || 10485760 | 20480 | 10| ++-------++--------------+---------+-----++--------------+---------+----+ +|hda7 || 37404672 | 73056 | 35 || 13959168 | 27264 | 13| ++-------++--------------+---------+-----++--------------+---------+----+ + +The LDM Database may not store the partitions in the order that they appear on +disk, but the driver will sort them. + +When Linux boots, you will see something like:: + + hda: 102400 sectors w/32KiB Cache, CHS=50/64/32 + hda: [LDM] hda1 hda2 hda3 hda4 hda5 hda6 hda7 + + +Compiling LDM Support +--------------------- + +To enable LDM, choose the following two options: + + - "Advanced partition selection" CONFIG_PARTITION_ADVANCED + - "Windows Logical Disk Manager (Dynamic Disk) support" CONFIG_LDM_PARTITION + +If you believe the driver isn't working as it should, you can enable the extra +debugging code. This will produce a LOT of output. The option is: + + - "Windows LDM extra logging" CONFIG_LDM_DEBUG + +N.B. The partition code cannot be compiled as a module. + +As with all the partition code, if the driver doesn't see signs of its type of +partition, it will pass control to another driver, so there is no harm in +enabling it. + +If you have Dynamic Disks but don't enable the driver, then all you will see +is a dummy MSDOS partition filling the whole disk. You won't be able to mount +any of the volumes on the disk. + + +Booting +------- + +If you enable LDM support, then lilo is capable of booting from any of the +discovered partitions. However, grub does not understand the LDM partitioning +and cannot boot from a Dynamic Disk. + + +More Documentation +------------------ + +There is an Overview of the LDM together with complete Technical Documentation. +It is available for download. + + http://www.linux-ntfs.org/ + +If you have any LDM questions that aren't answered in the documentation, email +me. + +Cheers, + FlatCap - Richard Russon + ldm@flatcap.org + |