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authorLibravatar Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>2023-02-21 18:24:12 -0800
committerLibravatar Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>2023-02-21 18:24:12 -0800
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Merge tag 'net-next-6.3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/net-nextgrafted
Pull networking updates from Jakub Kicinski: "Core: - Add dedicated kmem_cache for typical/small skb->head, avoid having to access struct page at kfree time, and improve memory use. - Introduce sysctl to set default RPS configuration for new netdevs. - Define Netlink protocol specification format which can be used to describe messages used by each family and auto-generate parsers. Add tools for generating kernel data structures and uAPI headers. - Expose all net/core sysctls inside netns. - Remove 4s sleep in netpoll if carrier is instantly detected on boot. - Add configurable limit of MDB entries per port, and port-vlan. - Continue populating drop reasons throughout the stack. - Retire a handful of legacy Qdiscs and classifiers. Protocols: - Support IPv4 big TCP (TSO frames larger than 64kB). - Add IP_LOCAL_PORT_RANGE socket option, to control local port range on socket by socket basis. - Track and report in procfs number of MPTCP sockets used. - Support mixing IPv4 and IPv6 flows in the in-kernel MPTCP path manager. - IPv6: don't check net.ipv6.route.max_size and rely on garbage collection to free memory (similarly to IPv4). - Support Penultimate Segment Pop (PSP) flavor in SRv6 (RFC8986). - ICMP: add per-rate limit counters. - Add support for user scanning requests in ieee802154. - Remove static WEP support. - Support minimal Wi-Fi 7 Extremely High Throughput (EHT) rate reporting. - WiFi 7 EHT channel puncturing support (client & AP). BPF: - Add a rbtree data structure following the "next-gen data structure" precedent set by recently added linked list, that is, by using kfunc + kptr instead of adding a new BPF map type. - Expose XDP hints via kfuncs with initial support for RX hash and timestamp metadata. - Add BPF_F_NO_TUNNEL_KEY extension to bpf_skb_set_tunnel_key to better support decap on GRE tunnel devices not operating in collect metadata. - Improve x86 JIT's codegen for PROBE_MEM runtime error checks. - Remove the need for trace_printk_lock for bpf_trace_printk and bpf_trace_vprintk helpers. - Extend libbpf's bpf_tracing.h support for tracing arguments of kprobes/uprobes and syscall as a special case. - Significantly reduce the search time for module symbols by livepatch and BPF. - Enable cpumasks to be used as kptrs, which is useful for tracing programs tracking which tasks end up running on which CPUs in different time intervals. - Add support for BPF trampoline on s390x and riscv64. - Add capability to export the XDP features supported by the NIC. - Add __bpf_kfunc tag for marking kernel functions as kfuncs. - Add cgroup.memory=nobpf kernel parameter option to disable BPF memory accounting for container environments. Netfilter: - Remove the CLUSTERIP target. It has been marked as obsolete for years, and we still have WARN splats wrt races of the out-of-band /proc interface installed by this target. - Add 'destroy' commands to nf_tables. They are identical to the existing 'delete' commands, but do not return an error if the referenced object (set, chain, rule...) did not exist. Driver API: - Improve cpumask_local_spread() locality to help NICs set the right IRQ affinity on AMD platforms. - Separate C22 and C45 MDIO bus transactions more clearly. - Introduce new DCB table to control DSCP rewrite on egress. - Support configuration of Physical Layer Collision Avoidance (PLCA) Reconciliation Sublayer (RS) (802.3cg-2019). Modern version of shared medium Ethernet. - Support for MAC Merge layer (IEEE 802.3-2018 clause 99). Allowing preemption of low priority frames by high priority frames. - Add support for controlling MACSec offload using netlink SET. - Rework devlink instance refcounts to allow registration and de-registration under the instance lock. Split the code into multiple files, drop some of the unnecessarily granular locks and factor out common parts of netlink operation handling. - Add TX frame aggregation parameters (for USB drivers). - Add a new attr TCA_EXT_WARN_MSG to report TC (offload) warning messages with notifications for debug. - Allow offloading of UDP NEW connections via act_ct. - Add support for per action HW stats in TC. - Support hardware miss to TC action (continue processing in SW from a specific point in the action chain). - Warn if old Wireless Extension user space interface is used with modern cfg80211/mac80211 drivers. Do not support Wireless Extensions for Wi-Fi 7 devices at all. Everyone should switch to using nl80211 interface instead. - Improve the CAN bit timing configuration. Use extack to return error messages directly to user space, update the SJW handling, including the definition of a new default value that will benefit CAN-FD controllers, by increasing their oscillator tolerance. New hardware / drivers: - Ethernet: - nVidia BlueField-3 support (control traffic driver) - Ethernet support for imx93 SoCs - Motorcomm yt8531 gigabit Ethernet PHY - onsemi NCN26000 10BASE-T1S PHY (with support for PLCA) - Microchip LAN8841 PHY (incl. cable diagnostics and PTP) - Amlogic gxl MDIO mux - WiFi: - RealTek RTL8188EU (rtl8xxxu) - Qualcomm Wi-Fi 7 devices (ath12k) - CAN: - Renesas R-Car V4H Drivers: - Bluetooth: - Set Per Platform Antenna Gain (PPAG) for Intel controllers. - Ethernet NICs: - Intel (1G, igc): - support TSN / Qbv / packet scheduling features of i226 model - Intel (100G, ice): - use GNSS subsystem instead of TTY - multi-buffer XDP support - extend support for GPIO pins to E823 devices - nVidia/Mellanox: - update the shared buffer configuration on PFC commands - implement PTP adjphase function for HW offset control - TC support for Geneve and GRE with VF tunnel offload - more efficient crypto key management method - multi-port eswitch support - Netronome/Corigine: - add DCB IEEE support - support IPsec offloading for NFP3800 - Freescale/NXP (enetc): - support XDP_REDIRECT for XDP non-linear buffers - improve reconfig, avoid link flap and waiting for idle - support MAC Merge layer - Other NICs: - sfc/ef100: add basic devlink support for ef100 - ionic: rx_push mode operation (writing descriptors via MMIO) - bnxt: use the auxiliary bus abstraction for RDMA - r8169: disable ASPM and reset bus in case of tx timeout - cpsw: support QSGMII mode for J721e CPSW9G - cpts: support pulse-per-second output - ngbe: add an mdio bus driver - usbnet: optimize usbnet_bh() by avoiding unnecessary queuing - r8152: handle devices with FW with NCM support - amd-xgbe: support 10Mbps, 2.5GbE speeds and rx-adaptation - virtio-net: support multi buffer XDP - virtio/vsock: replace virtio_vsock_pkt with sk_buff - tsnep: XDP support - Ethernet high-speed switches: - nVidia/Mellanox (mlxsw): - add support for latency TLV (in FW control messages) - Microchip (sparx5): - separate explicit and implicit traffic forwarding rules, make the implicit rules always active - add support for egress DSCP rewrite - IS0 VCAP support (Ingress Classification) - IS2 VCAP filters (protos, L3 addrs, L4 ports, flags, ToS etc.) - ES2 VCAP support (Egress Access Control) - support for Per-Stream Filtering and Policing (802.1Q, 8.6.5.1) - Ethernet embedded switches: - Marvell (mv88e6xxx): - add MAB (port auth) offload support - enable PTP receive for mv88e6390 - NXP (ocelot): - support MAC Merge layer - support for the the vsc7512 internal copper phys - Microchip: - lan9303: convert to PHYLINK - lan966x: support TC flower filter statistics - lan937x: PTP support for KSZ9563/KSZ8563 and LAN937x - lan937x: support Credit Based Shaper configuration - ksz9477: support Energy Efficient Ethernet - other: - qca8k: convert to regmap read/write API, use bulk operations - rswitch: Improve TX timestamp accuracy - Intel WiFi (iwlwifi): - EHT (Wi-Fi 7) rate reporting - STEP equalizer support: transfer some STEP (connection to radio on platforms with integrated wifi) related parameters from the BIOS to the firmware. - Qualcomm 802.11ax WiFi (ath11k): - IPQ5018 support - Fine Timing Measurement (FTM) responder role support - channel 177 support - MediaTek WiFi (mt76): - per-PHY LED support - mt7996: EHT (Wi-Fi 7) support - Wireless Ethernet Dispatch (WED) reset support - switch to using page pool allocator - RealTek WiFi (rtw89): - support new version of Bluetooth co-existance - Mobile: - rmnet: support TX aggregation" * tag 'net-next-6.3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/net-next: (1872 commits) page_pool: add a comment explaining the fragment counter usage net: ethtool: fix __ethtool_dev_mm_supported() implementation ethtool: pse-pd: Fix double word in comments xsk: add linux/vmalloc.h to xsk.c sefltests: netdevsim: wait for devlink instance after netns removal selftest: fib_tests: Always cleanup before exit net/mlx5e: Align IPsec ASO result memory to be as required by hardware net/mlx5e: TC, Set CT miss to the specific ct action instance net/mlx5e: Rename CHAIN_TO_REG to MAPPED_OBJ_TO_REG net/mlx5: Refactor tc miss handling to a single function net/mlx5: Kconfig: Make tc offload depend on tc skb extension net/sched: flower: Support hardware miss to tc action net/sched: flower: Move filter handle initialization earlier net/sched: cls_api: Support hardware miss to tc action net/sched: Rename user cookie and act cookie sfc: fix builds without CONFIG_RTC_LIB sfc: clean up some inconsistent indentings net/mlx4_en: Introduce flexible array to silence overflow warning net: lan966x: Fix possible deadlock inside PTP net/ulp: Remove redundant ->clone() test in inet_clone_ulp(). ...
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+.. _device_link:
+
+============
+Device links
+============
+
+By default, the driver core only enforces dependencies between devices
+that are borne out of a parent/child relationship within the device
+hierarchy: When suspending, resuming or shutting down the system, devices
+are ordered based on this relationship, i.e. children are always suspended
+before their parent, and the parent is always resumed before its children.
+
+Sometimes there is a need to represent device dependencies beyond the
+mere parent/child relationship, e.g. between siblings, and have the
+driver core automatically take care of them.
+
+Secondly, the driver core by default does not enforce any driver presence
+dependencies, i.e. that one device must be bound to a driver before
+another one can probe or function correctly.
+
+Often these two dependency types come together, so a device depends on
+another one both with regards to driver presence *and* with regards to
+suspend/resume and shutdown ordering.
+
+Device links allow representation of such dependencies in the driver core.
+
+In its standard or *managed* form, a device link combines *both* dependency
+types: It guarantees correct suspend/resume and shutdown ordering between a
+"supplier" device and its "consumer" devices, and it guarantees driver
+presence on the supplier. The consumer devices are not probed before the
+supplier is bound to a driver, and they're unbound before the supplier
+is unbound.
+
+When driver presence on the supplier is irrelevant and only correct
+suspend/resume and shutdown ordering is needed, the device link may
+simply be set up with the ``DL_FLAG_STATELESS`` flag. In other words,
+enforcing driver presence on the supplier is optional.
+
+Another optional feature is runtime PM integration: By setting the
+``DL_FLAG_PM_RUNTIME`` flag on addition of the device link, the PM core
+is instructed to runtime resume the supplier and keep it active
+whenever and for as long as the consumer is runtime resumed.
+
+Usage
+=====
+
+The earliest point in time when device links can be added is after
+:c:func:`device_add()` has been called for the supplier and
+:c:func:`device_initialize()` has been called for the consumer.
+
+It is legal to add them later, but care must be taken that the system
+remains in a consistent state: E.g. a device link cannot be added in
+the midst of a suspend/resume transition, so either commencement of
+such a transition needs to be prevented with :c:func:`lock_system_sleep()`,
+or the device link needs to be added from a function which is guaranteed
+not to run in parallel to a suspend/resume transition, such as from a
+device ``->probe`` callback or a boot-time PCI quirk.
+
+Another example for an inconsistent state would be a device link that
+represents a driver presence dependency, yet is added from the consumer's
+``->probe`` callback while the supplier hasn't started to probe yet: Had the
+driver core known about the device link earlier, it wouldn't have probed the
+consumer in the first place. The onus is thus on the consumer to check
+presence of the supplier after adding the link, and defer probing on
+non-presence. [Note that it is valid to create a link from the consumer's
+``->probe`` callback while the supplier is still probing, but the consumer must
+know that the supplier is functional already at the link creation time (that is
+the case, for instance, if the consumer has just acquired some resources that
+would not have been available had the supplier not been functional then).]
+
+If a device link with ``DL_FLAG_STATELESS`` set (i.e. a stateless device link)
+is added in the ``->probe`` callback of the supplier or consumer driver, it is
+typically deleted in its ``->remove`` callback for symmetry. That way, if the
+driver is compiled as a module, the device link is added on module load and
+orderly deleted on unload. The same restrictions that apply to device link
+addition (e.g. exclusion of a parallel suspend/resume transition) apply equally
+to deletion. Device links managed by the driver core are deleted automatically
+by it.
+
+Several flags may be specified on device link addition, two of which
+have already been mentioned above: ``DL_FLAG_STATELESS`` to express that no
+driver presence dependency is needed (but only correct suspend/resume and
+shutdown ordering) and ``DL_FLAG_PM_RUNTIME`` to express that runtime PM
+integration is desired.
+
+Two other flags are specifically targeted at use cases where the device
+link is added from the consumer's ``->probe`` callback: ``DL_FLAG_RPM_ACTIVE``
+can be specified to runtime resume the supplier and prevent it from suspending
+before the consumer is runtime suspended. ``DL_FLAG_AUTOREMOVE_CONSUMER``
+causes the device link to be automatically purged when the consumer fails to
+probe or later unbinds.
+
+Similarly, when the device link is added from supplier's ``->probe`` callback,
+``DL_FLAG_AUTOREMOVE_SUPPLIER`` causes the device link to be automatically
+purged when the supplier fails to probe or later unbinds.
+
+If neither ``DL_FLAG_AUTOREMOVE_CONSUMER`` nor ``DL_FLAG_AUTOREMOVE_SUPPLIER``
+is set, ``DL_FLAG_AUTOPROBE_CONSUMER`` can be used to request the driver core
+to probe for a driver for the consumer driver on the link automatically after
+a driver has been bound to the supplier device.
+
+Note, however, that any combinations of ``DL_FLAG_AUTOREMOVE_CONSUMER``,
+``DL_FLAG_AUTOREMOVE_SUPPLIER`` or ``DL_FLAG_AUTOPROBE_CONSUMER`` with
+``DL_FLAG_STATELESS`` are invalid and cannot be used.
+
+Limitations
+===========
+
+Driver authors should be aware that a driver presence dependency for managed
+device links (i.e. when ``DL_FLAG_STATELESS`` is not specified on link addition)
+may cause probing of the consumer to be deferred indefinitely. This can become
+a problem if the consumer is required to probe before a certain initcall level
+is reached. Worse, if the supplier driver is blacklisted or missing, the
+consumer will never be probed.
+
+Moreover, managed device links cannot be deleted directly. They are deleted
+by the driver core when they are not necessary any more in accordance with the
+``DL_FLAG_AUTOREMOVE_CONSUMER`` and ``DL_FLAG_AUTOREMOVE_SUPPLIER`` flags.
+However, stateless device links (i.e. device links with ``DL_FLAG_STATELESS``
+set) are expected to be removed by whoever called :c:func:`device_link_add()`
+to add them with the help of either :c:func:`device_link_del()` or
+:c:func:`device_link_remove()`.
+
+Passing ``DL_FLAG_RPM_ACTIVE`` along with ``DL_FLAG_STATELESS`` to
+:c:func:`device_link_add()` may cause the PM-runtime usage counter of the
+supplier device to remain nonzero after a subsequent invocation of either
+:c:func:`device_link_del()` or :c:func:`device_link_remove()` to remove the
+device link returned by it. This happens if :c:func:`device_link_add()` is
+called twice in a row for the same consumer-supplier pair without removing the
+link between these calls, in which case allowing the PM-runtime usage counter
+of the supplier to drop on an attempt to remove the link may cause it to be
+suspended while the consumer is still PM-runtime-active and that has to be
+avoided. [To work around this limitation it is sufficient to let the consumer
+runtime suspend at least once, or call :c:func:`pm_runtime_set_suspended()` for
+it with PM-runtime disabled, between the :c:func:`device_link_add()` and
+:c:func:`device_link_del()` or :c:func:`device_link_remove()` calls.]
+
+Sometimes drivers depend on optional resources. They are able to operate
+in a degraded mode (reduced feature set or performance) when those resources
+are not present. An example is an SPI controller that can use a DMA engine
+or work in PIO mode. The controller can determine presence of the optional
+resources at probe time but on non-presence there is no way to know whether
+they will become available in the near future (due to a supplier driver
+probing) or never. Consequently it cannot be determined whether to defer
+probing or not. It would be possible to notify drivers when optional
+resources become available after probing, but it would come at a high cost
+for drivers as switching between modes of operation at runtime based on the
+availability of such resources would be much more complex than a mechanism
+based on probe deferral. In any case optional resources are beyond the
+scope of device links.
+
+Examples
+========
+
+* An MMU device exists alongside a busmaster device, both are in the same
+ power domain. The MMU implements DMA address translation for the busmaster
+ device and shall be runtime resumed and kept active whenever and as long
+ as the busmaster device is active. The busmaster device's driver shall
+ not bind before the MMU is bound. To achieve this, a device link with
+ runtime PM integration is added from the busmaster device (consumer)
+ to the MMU device (supplier). The effect with regards to runtime PM
+ is the same as if the MMU was the parent of the master device.
+
+ The fact that both devices share the same power domain would normally
+ suggest usage of a struct dev_pm_domain or struct generic_pm_domain,
+ however these are not independent devices that happen to share a power
+ switch, but rather the MMU device serves the busmaster device and is
+ useless without it. A device link creates a synthetic hierarchical
+ relationship between the devices and is thus more apt.
+
+* A Thunderbolt host controller comprises a number of PCIe hotplug ports
+ and an NHI device to manage the PCIe switch. On resume from system sleep,
+ the NHI device needs to re-establish PCI tunnels to attached devices
+ before the hotplug ports can resume. If the hotplug ports were children
+ of the NHI, this resume order would automatically be enforced by the
+ PM core, but unfortunately they're aunts. The solution is to add
+ device links from the hotplug ports (consumers) to the NHI device
+ (supplier). A driver presence dependency is not necessary for this
+ use case.
+
+* Discrete GPUs in hybrid graphics laptops often feature an HDA controller
+ for HDMI/DP audio. In the device hierarchy the HDA controller is a sibling
+ of the VGA device, yet both share the same power domain and the HDA
+ controller is only ever needed when an HDMI/DP display is attached to the
+ VGA device. A device link from the HDA controller (consumer) to the
+ VGA device (supplier) aptly represents this relationship.
+
+* ACPI allows definition of a device start order by way of _DEP objects.
+ A classical example is when ACPI power management methods on one device
+ are implemented in terms of I\ :sup:`2`\ C accesses and require a specific
+ I\ :sup:`2`\ C controller to be present and functional for the power
+ management of the device in question to work.
+
+* In some SoCs a functional dependency exists from display, video codec and
+ video processing IP cores on transparent memory access IP cores that handle
+ burst access and compression/decompression.
+
+Alternatives
+============
+
+* A struct dev_pm_domain can be used to override the bus,
+ class or device type callbacks. It is intended for devices sharing
+ a single on/off switch, however it does not guarantee a specific
+ suspend/resume ordering, this needs to be implemented separately.
+ It also does not by itself track the runtime PM status of the involved
+ devices and turn off the power switch only when all of them are runtime
+ suspended. Furthermore it cannot be used to enforce a specific shutdown
+ ordering or a driver presence dependency.
+
+* A struct generic_pm_domain is a lot more heavyweight than a
+ device link and does not allow for shutdown ordering or driver presence
+ dependencies. It also cannot be used on ACPI systems.
+
+Implementation
+==============
+
+The device hierarchy, which -- as the name implies -- is a tree,
+becomes a directed acyclic graph once device links are added.
+
+Ordering of these devices during suspend/resume is determined by the
+dpm_list. During shutdown it is determined by the devices_kset. With
+no device links present, the two lists are a flattened, one-dimensional
+representations of the device tree such that a device is placed behind
+all its ancestors. That is achieved by traversing the ACPI namespace
+or OpenFirmware device tree top-down and appending devices to the lists
+as they are discovered.
+
+Once device links are added, the lists need to satisfy the additional
+constraint that a device is placed behind all its suppliers, recursively.
+To ensure this, upon addition of the device link the consumer and the
+entire sub-graph below it (all children and consumers of the consumer)
+are moved to the end of the list. (Call to :c:func:`device_reorder_to_tail()`
+from :c:func:`device_link_add()`.)
+
+To prevent introduction of dependency loops into the graph, it is
+verified upon device link addition that the supplier is not dependent
+on the consumer or any children or consumers of the consumer.
+(Call to :c:func:`device_is_dependent()` from :c:func:`device_link_add()`.)
+If that constraint is violated, :c:func:`device_link_add()` will return
+``NULL`` and a ``WARNING`` will be logged.
+
+Notably this also prevents the addition of a device link from a parent
+device to a child. However the converse is allowed, i.e. a device link
+from a child to a parent. Since the driver core already guarantees
+correct suspend/resume and shutdown ordering between parent and child,
+such a device link only makes sense if a driver presence dependency is
+needed on top of that. In this case driver authors should weigh
+carefully if a device link is at all the right tool for the purpose.
+A more suitable approach might be to simply use deferred probing or
+add a device flag causing the parent driver to be probed before the
+child one.
+
+State machine
+=============
+
+.. kernel-doc:: include/linux/device.h
+ :functions: device_link_state
+
+::
+
+ .=============================.
+ | |
+ v |
+ DORMANT <=> AVAILABLE <=> CONSUMER_PROBE => ACTIVE
+ ^ |
+ | |
+ '============ SUPPLIER_UNBIND <============'
+
+* The initial state of a device link is automatically determined by
+ :c:func:`device_link_add()` based on the driver presence on the supplier
+ and consumer. If the link is created before any devices are probed, it
+ is set to ``DL_STATE_DORMANT``.
+
+* When a supplier device is bound to a driver, links to its consumers
+ progress to ``DL_STATE_AVAILABLE``.
+ (Call to :c:func:`device_links_driver_bound()` from
+ :c:func:`driver_bound()`.)
+
+* Before a consumer device is probed, presence of supplier drivers is
+ verified by checking the consumer device is not in the wait_for_suppliers
+ list and by checking that links to suppliers are in ``DL_STATE_AVAILABLE``
+ state. The state of the links is updated to ``DL_STATE_CONSUMER_PROBE``.
+ (Call to :c:func:`device_links_check_suppliers()` from
+ :c:func:`really_probe()`.)
+ This prevents the supplier from unbinding.
+ (Call to :c:func:`wait_for_device_probe()` from
+ :c:func:`device_links_unbind_consumers()`.)
+
+* If the probe fails, links to suppliers revert back to ``DL_STATE_AVAILABLE``.
+ (Call to :c:func:`device_links_no_driver()` from :c:func:`really_probe()`.)
+
+* If the probe succeeds, links to suppliers progress to ``DL_STATE_ACTIVE``.
+ (Call to :c:func:`device_links_driver_bound()` from :c:func:`driver_bound()`.)
+
+* When the consumer's driver is later on removed, links to suppliers revert
+ back to ``DL_STATE_AVAILABLE``.
+ (Call to :c:func:`__device_links_no_driver()` from
+ :c:func:`device_links_driver_cleanup()`, which in turn is called from
+ :c:func:`__device_release_driver()`.)
+
+* Before a supplier's driver is removed, links to consumers that are not
+ bound to a driver are updated to ``DL_STATE_SUPPLIER_UNBIND``.
+ (Call to :c:func:`device_links_busy()` from
+ :c:func:`__device_release_driver()`.)
+ This prevents the consumers from binding.
+ (Call to :c:func:`device_links_check_suppliers()` from
+ :c:func:`really_probe()`.)
+ Consumers that are bound are freed from their driver; consumers that are
+ probing are waited for until they are done.
+ (Call to :c:func:`device_links_unbind_consumers()` from
+ :c:func:`__device_release_driver()`.)
+ Once all links to consumers are in ``DL_STATE_SUPPLIER_UNBIND`` state,
+ the supplier driver is released and the links revert to ``DL_STATE_DORMANT``.
+ (Call to :c:func:`device_links_driver_cleanup()` from
+ :c:func:`__device_release_driver()`.)
+
+API
+===
+
+See device_link_add(), device_link_del() and device_link_remove().