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authorLibravatar Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>2023-02-21 18:24:12 -0800
committerLibravatar Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>2023-02-21 18:24:12 -0800
commit5b7c4cabbb65f5c469464da6c5f614cbd7f730f2 (patch)
treecc5c2d0a898769fd59549594fedb3ee6f84e59a0 /Documentation/sound/cards/audigy-mixer.rst
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Merge tag 'net-next-6.3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/net-nextgrafted
Pull networking updates from Jakub Kicinski: "Core: - Add dedicated kmem_cache for typical/small skb->head, avoid having to access struct page at kfree time, and improve memory use. - Introduce sysctl to set default RPS configuration for new netdevs. - Define Netlink protocol specification format which can be used to describe messages used by each family and auto-generate parsers. Add tools for generating kernel data structures and uAPI headers. - Expose all net/core sysctls inside netns. - Remove 4s sleep in netpoll if carrier is instantly detected on boot. - Add configurable limit of MDB entries per port, and port-vlan. - Continue populating drop reasons throughout the stack. - Retire a handful of legacy Qdiscs and classifiers. Protocols: - Support IPv4 big TCP (TSO frames larger than 64kB). - Add IP_LOCAL_PORT_RANGE socket option, to control local port range on socket by socket basis. - Track and report in procfs number of MPTCP sockets used. - Support mixing IPv4 and IPv6 flows in the in-kernel MPTCP path manager. - IPv6: don't check net.ipv6.route.max_size and rely on garbage collection to free memory (similarly to IPv4). - Support Penultimate Segment Pop (PSP) flavor in SRv6 (RFC8986). - ICMP: add per-rate limit counters. - Add support for user scanning requests in ieee802154. - Remove static WEP support. - Support minimal Wi-Fi 7 Extremely High Throughput (EHT) rate reporting. - WiFi 7 EHT channel puncturing support (client & AP). BPF: - Add a rbtree data structure following the "next-gen data structure" precedent set by recently added linked list, that is, by using kfunc + kptr instead of adding a new BPF map type. - Expose XDP hints via kfuncs with initial support for RX hash and timestamp metadata. - Add BPF_F_NO_TUNNEL_KEY extension to bpf_skb_set_tunnel_key to better support decap on GRE tunnel devices not operating in collect metadata. - Improve x86 JIT's codegen for PROBE_MEM runtime error checks. - Remove the need for trace_printk_lock for bpf_trace_printk and bpf_trace_vprintk helpers. - Extend libbpf's bpf_tracing.h support for tracing arguments of kprobes/uprobes and syscall as a special case. - Significantly reduce the search time for module symbols by livepatch and BPF. - Enable cpumasks to be used as kptrs, which is useful for tracing programs tracking which tasks end up running on which CPUs in different time intervals. - Add support for BPF trampoline on s390x and riscv64. - Add capability to export the XDP features supported by the NIC. - Add __bpf_kfunc tag for marking kernel functions as kfuncs. - Add cgroup.memory=nobpf kernel parameter option to disable BPF memory accounting for container environments. Netfilter: - Remove the CLUSTERIP target. It has been marked as obsolete for years, and we still have WARN splats wrt races of the out-of-band /proc interface installed by this target. - Add 'destroy' commands to nf_tables. They are identical to the existing 'delete' commands, but do not return an error if the referenced object (set, chain, rule...) did not exist. Driver API: - Improve cpumask_local_spread() locality to help NICs set the right IRQ affinity on AMD platforms. - Separate C22 and C45 MDIO bus transactions more clearly. - Introduce new DCB table to control DSCP rewrite on egress. - Support configuration of Physical Layer Collision Avoidance (PLCA) Reconciliation Sublayer (RS) (802.3cg-2019). Modern version of shared medium Ethernet. - Support for MAC Merge layer (IEEE 802.3-2018 clause 99). Allowing preemption of low priority frames by high priority frames. - Add support for controlling MACSec offload using netlink SET. - Rework devlink instance refcounts to allow registration and de-registration under the instance lock. Split the code into multiple files, drop some of the unnecessarily granular locks and factor out common parts of netlink operation handling. - Add TX frame aggregation parameters (for USB drivers). - Add a new attr TCA_EXT_WARN_MSG to report TC (offload) warning messages with notifications for debug. - Allow offloading of UDP NEW connections via act_ct. - Add support for per action HW stats in TC. - Support hardware miss to TC action (continue processing in SW from a specific point in the action chain). - Warn if old Wireless Extension user space interface is used with modern cfg80211/mac80211 drivers. Do not support Wireless Extensions for Wi-Fi 7 devices at all. Everyone should switch to using nl80211 interface instead. - Improve the CAN bit timing configuration. Use extack to return error messages directly to user space, update the SJW handling, including the definition of a new default value that will benefit CAN-FD controllers, by increasing their oscillator tolerance. New hardware / drivers: - Ethernet: - nVidia BlueField-3 support (control traffic driver) - Ethernet support for imx93 SoCs - Motorcomm yt8531 gigabit Ethernet PHY - onsemi NCN26000 10BASE-T1S PHY (with support for PLCA) - Microchip LAN8841 PHY (incl. cable diagnostics and PTP) - Amlogic gxl MDIO mux - WiFi: - RealTek RTL8188EU (rtl8xxxu) - Qualcomm Wi-Fi 7 devices (ath12k) - CAN: - Renesas R-Car V4H Drivers: - Bluetooth: - Set Per Platform Antenna Gain (PPAG) for Intel controllers. - Ethernet NICs: - Intel (1G, igc): - support TSN / Qbv / packet scheduling features of i226 model - Intel (100G, ice): - use GNSS subsystem instead of TTY - multi-buffer XDP support - extend support for GPIO pins to E823 devices - nVidia/Mellanox: - update the shared buffer configuration on PFC commands - implement PTP adjphase function for HW offset control - TC support for Geneve and GRE with VF tunnel offload - more efficient crypto key management method - multi-port eswitch support - Netronome/Corigine: - add DCB IEEE support - support IPsec offloading for NFP3800 - Freescale/NXP (enetc): - support XDP_REDIRECT for XDP non-linear buffers - improve reconfig, avoid link flap and waiting for idle - support MAC Merge layer - Other NICs: - sfc/ef100: add basic devlink support for ef100 - ionic: rx_push mode operation (writing descriptors via MMIO) - bnxt: use the auxiliary bus abstraction for RDMA - r8169: disable ASPM and reset bus in case of tx timeout - cpsw: support QSGMII mode for J721e CPSW9G - cpts: support pulse-per-second output - ngbe: add an mdio bus driver - usbnet: optimize usbnet_bh() by avoiding unnecessary queuing - r8152: handle devices with FW with NCM support - amd-xgbe: support 10Mbps, 2.5GbE speeds and rx-adaptation - virtio-net: support multi buffer XDP - virtio/vsock: replace virtio_vsock_pkt with sk_buff - tsnep: XDP support - Ethernet high-speed switches: - nVidia/Mellanox (mlxsw): - add support for latency TLV (in FW control messages) - Microchip (sparx5): - separate explicit and implicit traffic forwarding rules, make the implicit rules always active - add support for egress DSCP rewrite - IS0 VCAP support (Ingress Classification) - IS2 VCAP filters (protos, L3 addrs, L4 ports, flags, ToS etc.) - ES2 VCAP support (Egress Access Control) - support for Per-Stream Filtering and Policing (802.1Q, 8.6.5.1) - Ethernet embedded switches: - Marvell (mv88e6xxx): - add MAB (port auth) offload support - enable PTP receive for mv88e6390 - NXP (ocelot): - support MAC Merge layer - support for the the vsc7512 internal copper phys - Microchip: - lan9303: convert to PHYLINK - lan966x: support TC flower filter statistics - lan937x: PTP support for KSZ9563/KSZ8563 and LAN937x - lan937x: support Credit Based Shaper configuration - ksz9477: support Energy Efficient Ethernet - other: - qca8k: convert to regmap read/write API, use bulk operations - rswitch: Improve TX timestamp accuracy - Intel WiFi (iwlwifi): - EHT (Wi-Fi 7) rate reporting - STEP equalizer support: transfer some STEP (connection to radio on platforms with integrated wifi) related parameters from the BIOS to the firmware. - Qualcomm 802.11ax WiFi (ath11k): - IPQ5018 support - Fine Timing Measurement (FTM) responder role support - channel 177 support - MediaTek WiFi (mt76): - per-PHY LED support - mt7996: EHT (Wi-Fi 7) support - Wireless Ethernet Dispatch (WED) reset support - switch to using page pool allocator - RealTek WiFi (rtw89): - support new version of Bluetooth co-existance - Mobile: - rmnet: support TX aggregation" * tag 'net-next-6.3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/net-next: (1872 commits) page_pool: add a comment explaining the fragment counter usage net: ethtool: fix __ethtool_dev_mm_supported() implementation ethtool: pse-pd: Fix double word in comments xsk: add linux/vmalloc.h to xsk.c sefltests: netdevsim: wait for devlink instance after netns removal selftest: fib_tests: Always cleanup before exit net/mlx5e: Align IPsec ASO result memory to be as required by hardware net/mlx5e: TC, Set CT miss to the specific ct action instance net/mlx5e: Rename CHAIN_TO_REG to MAPPED_OBJ_TO_REG net/mlx5: Refactor tc miss handling to a single function net/mlx5: Kconfig: Make tc offload depend on tc skb extension net/sched: flower: Support hardware miss to tc action net/sched: flower: Move filter handle initialization earlier net/sched: cls_api: Support hardware miss to tc action net/sched: Rename user cookie and act cookie sfc: fix builds without CONFIG_RTC_LIB sfc: clean up some inconsistent indentings net/mlx4_en: Introduce flexible array to silence overflow warning net: lan966x: Fix possible deadlock inside PTP net/ulp: Remove redundant ->clone() test in inet_clone_ulp(). ...
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+=============================================
+Sound Blaster Audigy mixer / default DSP code
+=============================================
+
+This is based on sb-live-mixer.rst.
+
+The EMU10K2 chips have a DSP part which can be programmed to support
+various ways of sample processing, which is described here.
+(This article does not deal with the overall functionality of the
+EMU10K2 chips. See the manuals section for further details.)
+
+The ALSA driver programs this portion of chip by default code
+(can be altered later) which offers the following functionality:
+
+
+Digital mixer controls
+======================
+
+These controls are built using the DSP instructions. They offer extended
+functionality. Only the default build-in code in the ALSA driver is described
+here. Note that the controls work as attenuators: the maximum value is the
+neutral position leaving the signal unchanged. Note that if the same destination
+is mentioned in multiple controls, the signal is accumulated and can be wrapped
+(set to maximal or minimal value without checking of overflow).
+
+
+Explanation of used abbreviations:
+
+DAC
+ digital to analog converter
+ADC
+ analog to digital converter
+I2S
+ one-way three wire serial bus for digital sound by Philips Semiconductors
+ (this standard is used for connecting standalone DAC and ADC converters)
+LFE
+ low frequency effects (subwoofer signal)
+AC97
+ a chip containing an analog mixer, DAC and ADC converters
+IEC958
+ S/PDIF
+FX-bus
+ the EMU10K2 chip has an effect bus containing 64 accumulators.
+ Each of the synthesizer voices can feed its output to these accumulators
+ and the DSP microcontroller can operate with the resulting sum.
+
+name='PCM Front Playback Volume',index=0
+----------------------------------------
+This control is used to attenuate samples for left and right front PCM FX-bus
+accumulators. ALSA uses accumulators 8 and 9 for left and right front PCM
+samples for 5.1 playback. The result samples are forwarded to the front DAC PCM
+slots of the Philips DAC.
+
+name='PCM Surround Playback Volume',index=0
+-------------------------------------------
+This control is used to attenuate samples for left and right surround PCM FX-bus
+accumulators. ALSA uses accumulators 2 and 3 for left and right surround PCM
+samples for 5.1 playback. The result samples are forwarded to the surround DAC PCM
+slots of the Philips DAC.
+
+name='PCM Center Playback Volume',index=0
+-----------------------------------------
+This control is used to attenuate samples for center PCM FX-bus accumulator.
+ALSA uses accumulator 6 for center PCM sample for 5.1 playback. The result sample
+is forwarded to the center DAC PCM slot of the Philips DAC.
+
+name='PCM LFE Playback Volume',index=0
+--------------------------------------
+This control is used to attenuate sample for LFE PCM FX-bus accumulator.
+ALSA uses accumulator 7 for LFE PCM sample for 5.1 playback. The result sample
+is forwarded to the LFE DAC PCM slot of the Philips DAC.
+
+name='PCM Playback Volume',index=0
+----------------------------------
+This control is used to attenuate samples for left and right PCM FX-bus
+accumulators. ALSA uses accumulators 0 and 1 for left and right PCM samples for
+stereo playback. The result samples are forwarded to the front DAC PCM slots
+of the Philips DAC.
+
+name='PCM Capture Volume',index=0
+---------------------------------
+This control is used to attenuate samples for left and right PCM FX-bus
+accumulator. ALSA uses accumulators 0 and 1 for left and right PCM.
+The result is forwarded to the ADC capture FIFO (thus to the standard capture
+PCM device).
+
+name='Music Playback Volume',index=0
+------------------------------------
+This control is used to attenuate samples for left and right MIDI FX-bus
+accumulators. ALSA uses accumulators 4 and 5 for left and right MIDI samples.
+The result samples are forwarded to the front DAC PCM slots of the AC97 codec.
+
+name='Music Capture Volume',index=0
+-----------------------------------
+These controls are used to attenuate samples for left and right MIDI FX-bus
+accumulator. ALSA uses accumulators 4 and 5 for left and right PCM.
+The result is forwarded to the ADC capture FIFO (thus to the standard capture
+PCM device).
+
+name='Mic Playback Volume',index=0
+----------------------------------
+This control is used to attenuate samples for left and right Mic input.
+For Mic input is used AC97 codec. The result samples are forwarded to
+the front DAC PCM slots of the Philips DAC. Samples are forwarded to Mic
+capture FIFO (device 1 - 16bit/8KHz mono) too without volume control.
+
+name='Mic Capture Volume',index=0
+---------------------------------
+This control is used to attenuate samples for left and right Mic input.
+The result is forwarded to the ADC capture FIFO (thus to the standard capture
+PCM device).
+
+name='Audigy CD Playback Volume',index=0
+----------------------------------------
+This control is used to attenuate samples from left and right IEC958 TTL
+digital inputs (usually used by a CDROM drive). The result samples are
+forwarded to the front DAC PCM slots of the Philips DAC.
+
+name='Audigy CD Capture Volume',index=0
+---------------------------------------
+This control is used to attenuate samples from left and right IEC958 TTL
+digital inputs (usually used by a CDROM drive). The result samples are
+forwarded to the ADC capture FIFO (thus to the standard capture PCM device).
+
+name='IEC958 Optical Playback Volume',index=0
+---------------------------------------------
+This control is used to attenuate samples from left and right IEC958 optical
+digital input. The result samples are forwarded to the front DAC PCM slots
+of the Philips DAC.
+
+name='IEC958 Optical Capture Volume',index=0
+--------------------------------------------
+This control is used to attenuate samples from left and right IEC958 optical
+digital inputs. The result samples are forwarded to the ADC capture FIFO
+(thus to the standard capture PCM device).
+
+name='Line2 Playback Volume',index=0
+------------------------------------
+This control is used to attenuate samples from left and right I2S ADC
+inputs (on the AudigyDrive). The result samples are forwarded to the front
+DAC PCM slots of the Philips DAC.
+
+name='Line2 Capture Volume',index=1
+-----------------------------------
+This control is used to attenuate samples from left and right I2S ADC
+inputs (on the AudigyDrive). The result samples are forwarded to the ADC
+capture FIFO (thus to the standard capture PCM device).
+
+name='Analog Mix Playback Volume',index=0
+-----------------------------------------
+This control is used to attenuate samples from left and right I2S ADC
+inputs from Philips ADC. The result samples are forwarded to the front
+DAC PCM slots of the Philips DAC. This contains mix from analog sources
+like CD, Line In, Aux, ....
+
+name='Analog Mix Capture Volume',index=1
+----------------------------------------
+This control is used to attenuate samples from left and right I2S ADC
+inputs Philips ADC. The result samples are forwarded to the ADC
+capture FIFO (thus to the standard capture PCM device).
+
+name='Aux2 Playback Volume',index=0
+-----------------------------------
+This control is used to attenuate samples from left and right I2S ADC
+inputs (on the AudigyDrive). The result samples are forwarded to the front
+DAC PCM slots of the Philips DAC.
+
+name='Aux2 Capture Volume',index=1
+----------------------------------
+This control is used to attenuate samples from left and right I2S ADC
+inputs (on the AudigyDrive). The result samples are forwarded to the ADC
+capture FIFO (thus to the standard capture PCM device).
+
+name='Front Playback Volume',index=0
+------------------------------------
+All stereo signals are mixed together and mirrored to surround, center and LFE.
+This control is used to attenuate samples for left and right front speakers of
+this mix.
+
+name='Surround Playback Volume',index=0
+---------------------------------------
+All stereo signals are mixed together and mirrored to surround, center and LFE.
+This control is used to attenuate samples for left and right surround speakers of
+this mix.
+
+name='Center Playback Volume',index=0
+-------------------------------------
+All stereo signals are mixed together and mirrored to surround, center and LFE.
+This control is used to attenuate sample for center speaker of this mix.
+
+name='LFE Playback Volume',index=0
+----------------------------------
+All stereo signals are mixed together and mirrored to surround, center and LFE.
+This control is used to attenuate sample for LFE speaker of this mix.
+
+name='Tone Control - Switch',index=0
+------------------------------------
+This control turns the tone control on or off. The samples for front, rear
+and center / LFE outputs are affected.
+
+name='Tone Control - Bass',index=0
+----------------------------------
+This control sets the bass intensity. There is no neutral value!!
+When the tone control code is activated, the samples are always modified.
+The closest value to pure signal is 20.
+
+name='Tone Control - Treble',index=0
+------------------------------------
+This control sets the treble intensity. There is no neutral value!!
+When the tone control code is activated, the samples are always modified.
+The closest value to pure signal is 20.
+
+name='Master Playback Volume',index=0
+-------------------------------------
+This control is used to attenuate samples for front, surround, center and
+LFE outputs.
+
+name='IEC958 Optical Raw Playback Switch',index=0
+-------------------------------------------------
+If this switch is on, then the samples for the IEC958 (S/PDIF) digital
+output are taken only from the raw FX8010 PCM, otherwise standard front
+PCM samples are taken.
+
+
+PCM stream related controls
+===========================
+
+name='EMU10K1 PCM Volume',index 0-31
+------------------------------------
+Channel volume attenuation in range 0-0xffff. The maximum value (no
+attenuation) is default. The channel mapping for three values is
+as follows:
+
+* 0 - mono, default 0xffff (no attenuation)
+* 1 - left, default 0xffff (no attenuation)
+* 2 - right, default 0xffff (no attenuation)
+
+name='EMU10K1 PCM Send Routing',index 0-31
+------------------------------------------
+This control specifies the destination - FX-bus accumulators. There 24
+values with this mapping:
+
+* 0 - mono, A destination (FX-bus 0-63), default 0
+* 1 - mono, B destination (FX-bus 0-63), default 1
+* 2 - mono, C destination (FX-bus 0-63), default 2
+* 3 - mono, D destination (FX-bus 0-63), default 3
+* 4 - mono, E destination (FX-bus 0-63), default 0
+* 5 - mono, F destination (FX-bus 0-63), default 0
+* 6 - mono, G destination (FX-bus 0-63), default 0
+* 7 - mono, H destination (FX-bus 0-63), default 0
+* 8 - left, A destination (FX-bus 0-63), default 0
+* 9 - left, B destination (FX-bus 0-63), default 1
+* 10 - left, C destination (FX-bus 0-63), default 2
+* 11 - left, D destination (FX-bus 0-63), default 3
+* 12 - left, E destination (FX-bus 0-63), default 0
+* 13 - left, F destination (FX-bus 0-63), default 0
+* 14 - left, G destination (FX-bus 0-63), default 0
+* 15 - left, H destination (FX-bus 0-63), default 0
+* 16 - right, A destination (FX-bus 0-63), default 0
+* 17 - right, B destination (FX-bus 0-63), default 1
+* 18 - right, C destination (FX-bus 0-63), default 2
+* 19 - right, D destination (FX-bus 0-63), default 3
+* 20 - right, E destination (FX-bus 0-63), default 0
+* 21 - right, F destination (FX-bus 0-63), default 0
+* 22 - right, G destination (FX-bus 0-63), default 0
+* 23 - right, H destination (FX-bus 0-63), default 0
+
+Don't forget that it's illegal to assign a channel to the same FX-bus accumulator
+more than once (it means 0=0 && 1=0 is an invalid combination).
+
+name='EMU10K1 PCM Send Volume',index 0-31
+-----------------------------------------
+It specifies the attenuation (amount) for given destination in range 0-255.
+The channel mapping is following:
+
+* 0 - mono, A destination attn, default 255 (no attenuation)
+* 1 - mono, B destination attn, default 255 (no attenuation)
+* 2 - mono, C destination attn, default 0 (mute)
+* 3 - mono, D destination attn, default 0 (mute)
+* 4 - mono, E destination attn, default 0 (mute)
+* 5 - mono, F destination attn, default 0 (mute)
+* 6 - mono, G destination attn, default 0 (mute)
+* 7 - mono, H destination attn, default 0 (mute)
+* 8 - left, A destination attn, default 255 (no attenuation)
+* 9 - left, B destination attn, default 0 (mute)
+* 10 - left, C destination attn, default 0 (mute)
+* 11 - left, D destination attn, default 0 (mute)
+* 12 - left, E destination attn, default 0 (mute)
+* 13 - left, F destination attn, default 0 (mute)
+* 14 - left, G destination attn, default 0 (mute)
+* 15 - left, H destination attn, default 0 (mute)
+* 16 - right, A destination attn, default 0 (mute)
+* 17 - right, B destination attn, default 255 (no attenuation)
+* 18 - right, C destination attn, default 0 (mute)
+* 19 - right, D destination attn, default 0 (mute)
+* 20 - right, E destination attn, default 0 (mute)
+* 21 - right, F destination attn, default 0 (mute)
+* 22 - right, G destination attn, default 0 (mute)
+* 23 - right, H destination attn, default 0 (mute)
+
+
+
+MANUALS/PATENTS
+===============
+
+ftp://opensource.creative.com/pub/doc
+-------------------------------------
+
+LM4545.pdf
+ AC97 Codec
+
+m2049.pdf
+ The EMU10K1 Digital Audio Processor
+
+hog63.ps
+ FX8010 - A DSP Chip Architecture for Audio Effects
+
+
+WIPO Patents
+------------
+
+WO 9901813 (A1)
+ Audio Effects Processor with multiple asynchronous streams
+ (Jan. 14, 1999)
+
+WO 9901814 (A1)
+ Processor with Instruction Set for Audio Effects (Jan. 14, 1999)
+
+WO 9901953 (A1)
+ Audio Effects Processor having Decoupled Instruction
+ Execution and Audio Data Sequencing (Jan. 14, 1999)
+
+
+US Patents (https://www.uspto.gov/)
+-----------------------------------
+
+US 5925841
+ Digital Sampling Instrument employing cache memory (Jul. 20, 1999)
+
+US 5928342
+ Audio Effects Processor integrated on a single chip
+ with a multiport memory onto which multiple asynchronous
+ digital sound samples can be concurrently loaded
+ (Jul. 27, 1999)
+
+US 5930158
+ Processor with Instruction Set for Audio Effects (Jul. 27, 1999)
+
+US 6032235
+ Memory initialization circuit (Tram) (Feb. 29, 2000)
+
+US 6138207
+ Interpolation looping of audio samples in cache connected to
+ system bus with prioritization and modification of bus transfers
+ in accordance with loop ends and minimum block sizes
+ (Oct. 24, 2000)
+
+US 6151670
+ Method for conserving memory storage using a
+ pool of short term memory registers
+ (Nov. 21, 2000)
+
+US 6195715
+ Interrupt control for multiple programs communicating with
+ a common interrupt by associating programs to GP registers,
+ defining interrupt register, polling GP registers, and invoking
+ callback routine associated with defined interrupt register
+ (Feb. 27, 2001)