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author | 2023-02-21 18:24:12 -0800 | |
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committer | 2023-02-21 18:24:12 -0800 | |
commit | 5b7c4cabbb65f5c469464da6c5f614cbd7f730f2 (patch) | |
tree | cc5c2d0a898769fd59549594fedb3ee6f84e59a0 /Documentation/translations/zh_TW/admin-guide/unicode.rst | |
download | linux-5b7c4cabbb65f5c469464da6c5f614cbd7f730f2.tar.gz linux-5b7c4cabbb65f5c469464da6c5f614cbd7f730f2.zip |
Merge tag 'net-next-6.3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/net-nextgrafted
Pull networking updates from Jakub Kicinski:
"Core:
- Add dedicated kmem_cache for typical/small skb->head, avoid having
to access struct page at kfree time, and improve memory use.
- Introduce sysctl to set default RPS configuration for new netdevs.
- Define Netlink protocol specification format which can be used to
describe messages used by each family and auto-generate parsers.
Add tools for generating kernel data structures and uAPI headers.
- Expose all net/core sysctls inside netns.
- Remove 4s sleep in netpoll if carrier is instantly detected on
boot.
- Add configurable limit of MDB entries per port, and port-vlan.
- Continue populating drop reasons throughout the stack.
- Retire a handful of legacy Qdiscs and classifiers.
Protocols:
- Support IPv4 big TCP (TSO frames larger than 64kB).
- Add IP_LOCAL_PORT_RANGE socket option, to control local port range
on socket by socket basis.
- Track and report in procfs number of MPTCP sockets used.
- Support mixing IPv4 and IPv6 flows in the in-kernel MPTCP path
manager.
- IPv6: don't check net.ipv6.route.max_size and rely on garbage
collection to free memory (similarly to IPv4).
- Support Penultimate Segment Pop (PSP) flavor in SRv6 (RFC8986).
- ICMP: add per-rate limit counters.
- Add support for user scanning requests in ieee802154.
- Remove static WEP support.
- Support minimal Wi-Fi 7 Extremely High Throughput (EHT) rate
reporting.
- WiFi 7 EHT channel puncturing support (client & AP).
BPF:
- Add a rbtree data structure following the "next-gen data structure"
precedent set by recently added linked list, that is, by using
kfunc + kptr instead of adding a new BPF map type.
- Expose XDP hints via kfuncs with initial support for RX hash and
timestamp metadata.
- Add BPF_F_NO_TUNNEL_KEY extension to bpf_skb_set_tunnel_key to
better support decap on GRE tunnel devices not operating in collect
metadata.
- Improve x86 JIT's codegen for PROBE_MEM runtime error checks.
- Remove the need for trace_printk_lock for bpf_trace_printk and
bpf_trace_vprintk helpers.
- Extend libbpf's bpf_tracing.h support for tracing arguments of
kprobes/uprobes and syscall as a special case.
- Significantly reduce the search time for module symbols by
livepatch and BPF.
- Enable cpumasks to be used as kptrs, which is useful for tracing
programs tracking which tasks end up running on which CPUs in
different time intervals.
- Add support for BPF trampoline on s390x and riscv64.
- Add capability to export the XDP features supported by the NIC.
- Add __bpf_kfunc tag for marking kernel functions as kfuncs.
- Add cgroup.memory=nobpf kernel parameter option to disable BPF
memory accounting for container environments.
Netfilter:
- Remove the CLUSTERIP target. It has been marked as obsolete for
years, and we still have WARN splats wrt races of the out-of-band
/proc interface installed by this target.
- Add 'destroy' commands to nf_tables. They are identical to the
existing 'delete' commands, but do not return an error if the
referenced object (set, chain, rule...) did not exist.
Driver API:
- Improve cpumask_local_spread() locality to help NICs set the right
IRQ affinity on AMD platforms.
- Separate C22 and C45 MDIO bus transactions more clearly.
- Introduce new DCB table to control DSCP rewrite on egress.
- Support configuration of Physical Layer Collision Avoidance (PLCA)
Reconciliation Sublayer (RS) (802.3cg-2019). Modern version of
shared medium Ethernet.
- Support for MAC Merge layer (IEEE 802.3-2018 clause 99). Allowing
preemption of low priority frames by high priority frames.
- Add support for controlling MACSec offload using netlink SET.
- Rework devlink instance refcounts to allow registration and
de-registration under the instance lock. Split the code into
multiple files, drop some of the unnecessarily granular locks and
factor out common parts of netlink operation handling.
- Add TX frame aggregation parameters (for USB drivers).
- Add a new attr TCA_EXT_WARN_MSG to report TC (offload) warning
messages with notifications for debug.
- Allow offloading of UDP NEW connections via act_ct.
- Add support for per action HW stats in TC.
- Support hardware miss to TC action (continue processing in SW from
a specific point in the action chain).
- Warn if old Wireless Extension user space interface is used with
modern cfg80211/mac80211 drivers. Do not support Wireless
Extensions for Wi-Fi 7 devices at all. Everyone should switch to
using nl80211 interface instead.
- Improve the CAN bit timing configuration. Use extack to return
error messages directly to user space, update the SJW handling,
including the definition of a new default value that will benefit
CAN-FD controllers, by increasing their oscillator tolerance.
New hardware / drivers:
- Ethernet:
- nVidia BlueField-3 support (control traffic driver)
- Ethernet support for imx93 SoCs
- Motorcomm yt8531 gigabit Ethernet PHY
- onsemi NCN26000 10BASE-T1S PHY (with support for PLCA)
- Microchip LAN8841 PHY (incl. cable diagnostics and PTP)
- Amlogic gxl MDIO mux
- WiFi:
- RealTek RTL8188EU (rtl8xxxu)
- Qualcomm Wi-Fi 7 devices (ath12k)
- CAN:
- Renesas R-Car V4H
Drivers:
- Bluetooth:
- Set Per Platform Antenna Gain (PPAG) for Intel controllers.
- Ethernet NICs:
- Intel (1G, igc):
- support TSN / Qbv / packet scheduling features of i226 model
- Intel (100G, ice):
- use GNSS subsystem instead of TTY
- multi-buffer XDP support
- extend support for GPIO pins to E823 devices
- nVidia/Mellanox:
- update the shared buffer configuration on PFC commands
- implement PTP adjphase function for HW offset control
- TC support for Geneve and GRE with VF tunnel offload
- more efficient crypto key management method
- multi-port eswitch support
- Netronome/Corigine:
- add DCB IEEE support
- support IPsec offloading for NFP3800
- Freescale/NXP (enetc):
- support XDP_REDIRECT for XDP non-linear buffers
- improve reconfig, avoid link flap and waiting for idle
- support MAC Merge layer
- Other NICs:
- sfc/ef100: add basic devlink support for ef100
- ionic: rx_push mode operation (writing descriptors via MMIO)
- bnxt: use the auxiliary bus abstraction for RDMA
- r8169: disable ASPM and reset bus in case of tx timeout
- cpsw: support QSGMII mode for J721e CPSW9G
- cpts: support pulse-per-second output
- ngbe: add an mdio bus driver
- usbnet: optimize usbnet_bh() by avoiding unnecessary queuing
- r8152: handle devices with FW with NCM support
- amd-xgbe: support 10Mbps, 2.5GbE speeds and rx-adaptation
- virtio-net: support multi buffer XDP
- virtio/vsock: replace virtio_vsock_pkt with sk_buff
- tsnep: XDP support
- Ethernet high-speed switches:
- nVidia/Mellanox (mlxsw):
- add support for latency TLV (in FW control messages)
- Microchip (sparx5):
- separate explicit and implicit traffic forwarding rules, make
the implicit rules always active
- add support for egress DSCP rewrite
- IS0 VCAP support (Ingress Classification)
- IS2 VCAP filters (protos, L3 addrs, L4 ports, flags, ToS
etc.)
- ES2 VCAP support (Egress Access Control)
- support for Per-Stream Filtering and Policing (802.1Q,
8.6.5.1)
- Ethernet embedded switches:
- Marvell (mv88e6xxx):
- add MAB (port auth) offload support
- enable PTP receive for mv88e6390
- NXP (ocelot):
- support MAC Merge layer
- support for the the vsc7512 internal copper phys
- Microchip:
- lan9303: convert to PHYLINK
- lan966x: support TC flower filter statistics
- lan937x: PTP support for KSZ9563/KSZ8563 and LAN937x
- lan937x: support Credit Based Shaper configuration
- ksz9477: support Energy Efficient Ethernet
- other:
- qca8k: convert to regmap read/write API, use bulk operations
- rswitch: Improve TX timestamp accuracy
- Intel WiFi (iwlwifi):
- EHT (Wi-Fi 7) rate reporting
- STEP equalizer support: transfer some STEP (connection to radio
on platforms with integrated wifi) related parameters from the
BIOS to the firmware.
- Qualcomm 802.11ax WiFi (ath11k):
- IPQ5018 support
- Fine Timing Measurement (FTM) responder role support
- channel 177 support
- MediaTek WiFi (mt76):
- per-PHY LED support
- mt7996: EHT (Wi-Fi 7) support
- Wireless Ethernet Dispatch (WED) reset support
- switch to using page pool allocator
- RealTek WiFi (rtw89):
- support new version of Bluetooth co-existance
- Mobile:
- rmnet: support TX aggregation"
* tag 'net-next-6.3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/net-next: (1872 commits)
page_pool: add a comment explaining the fragment counter usage
net: ethtool: fix __ethtool_dev_mm_supported() implementation
ethtool: pse-pd: Fix double word in comments
xsk: add linux/vmalloc.h to xsk.c
sefltests: netdevsim: wait for devlink instance after netns removal
selftest: fib_tests: Always cleanup before exit
net/mlx5e: Align IPsec ASO result memory to be as required by hardware
net/mlx5e: TC, Set CT miss to the specific ct action instance
net/mlx5e: Rename CHAIN_TO_REG to MAPPED_OBJ_TO_REG
net/mlx5: Refactor tc miss handling to a single function
net/mlx5: Kconfig: Make tc offload depend on tc skb extension
net/sched: flower: Support hardware miss to tc action
net/sched: flower: Move filter handle initialization earlier
net/sched: cls_api: Support hardware miss to tc action
net/sched: Rename user cookie and act cookie
sfc: fix builds without CONFIG_RTC_LIB
sfc: clean up some inconsistent indentings
net/mlx4_en: Introduce flexible array to silence overflow warning
net: lan966x: Fix possible deadlock inside PTP
net/ulp: Remove redundant ->clone() test in inet_clone_ulp().
...
Diffstat (limited to 'Documentation/translations/zh_TW/admin-guide/unicode.rst')
-rw-r--r-- | Documentation/translations/zh_TW/admin-guide/unicode.rst | 174 |
1 files changed, 174 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/Documentation/translations/zh_TW/admin-guide/unicode.rst b/Documentation/translations/zh_TW/admin-guide/unicode.rst new file mode 100644 index 000000000..720875be5 --- /dev/null +++ b/Documentation/translations/zh_TW/admin-guide/unicode.rst @@ -0,0 +1,174 @@ +.. SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 + +.. include:: ../disclaimer-zh_TW.rst + +:Original: Documentation/admin-guide/unicode.rst + +:譯者: + + 吳想成 Wu XiangCheng <bobwxc@email.cn> + 胡皓文 Hu Haowen <src.res@email.cn> + +Unicode(統一碼)支持 +====================== + + (英文版)上次更新:2005-01-17,版本號 1.4 + +此文檔由H. Peter Anvin <unicode@lanana.org>管理,是Linux註冊名稱與編號管理局 +(Linux Assigned Names And Numbers Authority,LANANA)項目的一部分。 +現行版本請見: + + http://www.lanana.org/docs/unicode/admin-guide/unicode.rst + +簡介 +----- + +Linux內核代碼已被重寫以使用Unicode來將字符映射到字體。下載一個Unicode到字體 +(Unicode-to-font)表,八位字符集與UTF-8模式都將改用此字體來顯示。 + +這微妙地改變了八位字符表的語義。現在的四個字符表是: + +=============== =============================== ================ +映射代號 映射名稱 Escape代碼 (G0) +=============== =============================== ================ +LAT1_MAP Latin-1 (ISO 8859-1) ESC ( B +GRAF_MAP DEC VT100 pseudographics ESC ( 0 +IBMPC_MAP IBM code page 437 ESC ( U +USER_MAP User defined ESC ( K +=============== =============================== ================ + +特別是 ESC ( U 不再是「直通字體」,因爲字體可能與IBM字符集完全不同。 +例如,即使加載了一個Latin-1字體,也允許使用塊圖形(block graphics)。 + +請注意,儘管這些代碼與ISO 2022類似,但這些代碼及其用途都與ISO 2022不匹配; +Linux有兩個八位代碼(G0和G1),而ISO 2022有四個七位代碼(G0-G3)。 + +根據Unicode標準/ISO 10646,U+F000到U+F8FF被保留用於作業系統範圍內的分配 +(Unicode標準將其稱爲「團體區域(Corporate Zone)」,因爲這對於Linux是不準確 +的,所以我們稱之爲「Linux區域」)。選擇U+F000作爲起點,因爲它允許直接映射 +區域以2的大倍數開始(以防需要1024或2048個字符的字體)。這就留下U+E000到 +U+EFFF作爲最終用戶區。 + +[v1.2]:Unicodes範圍從U+F000到U+F7FF已經被硬編碼爲直接映射到加載的字體, +繞過了翻譯表。用戶定義的映射現在默認爲U+F000到U+F0FF,模擬前述行爲。實際上, +此範圍可能較短;例如,vgacon只能處理256字符(U+F000..U+F0FF)或512字符 +(U+F000..U+F1FF)字體。 + +Linux 區域中定義的實際字符 +--------------------------- + +此外,還定義了Unicode 1.1.4中不存在的以下字符;這些字符由DEC VT圖形映射使用。 +[v1.2]此用法已過時,不應再使用;請參見下文。 + +====== ====================================== +U+F800 DEC VT GRAPHICS HORIZONTAL LINE SCAN 1 +U+F801 DEC VT GRAPHICS HORIZONTAL LINE SCAN 3 +U+F803 DEC VT GRAPHICS HORIZONTAL LINE SCAN 7 +U+F804 DEC VT GRAPHICS HORIZONTAL LINE SCAN 9 +====== ====================================== + +DEC VT220使用6x10字符矩陣,這些字符在DEC VT圖形字符集中形成一個平滑的過渡。 +我省略了掃描5行,因爲它也被用作塊圖形字符,因此被編碼爲U+2500 FORMS LIGHT +HORIZONTAL。 + +[v1.3]:這些字符已正式添加到Unicode 3.2.0中;它們在U+23BA、U+23BB、U+23BC、 +U+23BD處添加。Linux現在使用新值。 + +[v1.2]:添加了以下字符來表示常見的鍵盤符號,這些符號不太可能被添加到Unicode +中,因爲它們非常討厭地取決於特定供應商。當然,這是糟糕設計的一個好例子。 + +====== ====================================== +U+F810 KEYBOARD SYMBOL FLYING FLAG +U+F811 KEYBOARD SYMBOL PULLDOWN MENU +U+F812 KEYBOARD SYMBOL OPEN APPLE +U+F813 KEYBOARD SYMBOL SOLID APPLE +====== ====================================== + +克林貢(Klingon)語支持 +------------------------ + +1996年,Linux是世界上第一個添加對人工語言克林貢支持的作業系統,克林貢是由 +Marc Okrand爲《星際迷航》電視連續劇創造的。這種編碼後來被徵募Unicode註冊表 +(ConScript Unicode Registry,CSUR)採用,並建議(但最終被拒絕)納入Unicode +平面一。不過,它仍然是Linux區域中的Linux/CSUR私有分配。 + +這種編碼已經得到克林貢語言研究所(Klingon Language Institute)的認可。 +有關更多信息,請聯繫他們: + + http://www.kli.org/ + +由於Linux CZ開頭部分的字符大多是dingbats/symbols/forms類型,而且這是一種 +語言,因此根據標準Unicode慣例,我將它放置在16單元的邊界上。 + +.. note:: + + 這個範圍現在由徵募Unicode註冊表正式管理。規範性引用文件爲: + + https://www.evertype.com/standards/csur/klingon.html + +克林貢語有一個26個字符的字母表,一個10位數的位置數字書寫系統,從左到右 +,從上到下書寫。 + +克林貢字母的幾種字形已經被提出。但是由於這組符號看起來始終是一致的,只有實際 +的形狀不同,因此按照標準Unicode慣例,這些差異被認爲是字體變體。 + +====== ======================================================= +U+F8D0 KLINGON LETTER A +U+F8D1 KLINGON LETTER B +U+F8D2 KLINGON LETTER CH +U+F8D3 KLINGON LETTER D +U+F8D4 KLINGON LETTER E +U+F8D5 KLINGON LETTER GH +U+F8D6 KLINGON LETTER H +U+F8D7 KLINGON LETTER I +U+F8D8 KLINGON LETTER J +U+F8D9 KLINGON LETTER L +U+F8DA KLINGON LETTER M +U+F8DB KLINGON LETTER N +U+F8DC KLINGON LETTER NG +U+F8DD KLINGON LETTER O +U+F8DE KLINGON LETTER P +U+F8DF KLINGON LETTER Q + - Written <q> in standard Okrand Latin transliteration +U+F8E0 KLINGON LETTER QH + - Written <Q> in standard Okrand Latin transliteration +U+F8E1 KLINGON LETTER R +U+F8E2 KLINGON LETTER S +U+F8E3 KLINGON LETTER T +U+F8E4 KLINGON LETTER TLH +U+F8E5 KLINGON LETTER U +U+F8E6 KLINGON LETTER V +U+F8E7 KLINGON LETTER W +U+F8E8 KLINGON LETTER Y +U+F8E9 KLINGON LETTER GLOTTAL STOP + +U+F8F0 KLINGON DIGIT ZERO +U+F8F1 KLINGON DIGIT ONE +U+F8F2 KLINGON DIGIT TWO +U+F8F3 KLINGON DIGIT THREE +U+F8F4 KLINGON DIGIT FOUR +U+F8F5 KLINGON DIGIT FIVE +U+F8F6 KLINGON DIGIT SIX +U+F8F7 KLINGON DIGIT SEVEN +U+F8F8 KLINGON DIGIT EIGHT +U+F8F9 KLINGON DIGIT NINE + +U+F8FD KLINGON COMMA +U+F8FE KLINGON FULL STOP +U+F8FF KLINGON SYMBOL FOR EMPIRE +====== ======================================================= + +其他虛構和人工字母 +------------------- + +自從分配了克林貢Linux Unicode塊之後,John Cowan <jcowan@reutershealth.com> +和 Michael Everson <everson@evertype.com> 建立了一個虛構和人工字母的註冊表。 +徵募Unicode註冊表請訪問: + + https://www.evertype.com/standards/csur/ + +所使用的範圍位於最終用戶區域的低端,因此無法進行規範化分配,但建議希望對虛構 +字母進行編碼的人員使用這些代碼,以實現互操作性。對於克林貢語,CSUR採用了Linux +編碼。CSUR的人正在推動將Tengwar和Cirth添加到Unicode平面一;將克林貢添加到 +Unicode平面一被拒絕,因此上述編碼仍然是官方的。 + |