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author | 2023-02-21 18:24:12 -0800 | |
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committer | 2023-02-21 18:24:12 -0800 | |
commit | 5b7c4cabbb65f5c469464da6c5f614cbd7f730f2 (patch) | |
tree | cc5c2d0a898769fd59549594fedb3ee6f84e59a0 /arch/x86/kernel/kprobes/core.c | |
download | linux-5b7c4cabbb65f5c469464da6c5f614cbd7f730f2.tar.gz linux-5b7c4cabbb65f5c469464da6c5f614cbd7f730f2.zip |
Merge tag 'net-next-6.3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/net-nextgrafted
Pull networking updates from Jakub Kicinski:
"Core:
- Add dedicated kmem_cache for typical/small skb->head, avoid having
to access struct page at kfree time, and improve memory use.
- Introduce sysctl to set default RPS configuration for new netdevs.
- Define Netlink protocol specification format which can be used to
describe messages used by each family and auto-generate parsers.
Add tools for generating kernel data structures and uAPI headers.
- Expose all net/core sysctls inside netns.
- Remove 4s sleep in netpoll if carrier is instantly detected on
boot.
- Add configurable limit of MDB entries per port, and port-vlan.
- Continue populating drop reasons throughout the stack.
- Retire a handful of legacy Qdiscs and classifiers.
Protocols:
- Support IPv4 big TCP (TSO frames larger than 64kB).
- Add IP_LOCAL_PORT_RANGE socket option, to control local port range
on socket by socket basis.
- Track and report in procfs number of MPTCP sockets used.
- Support mixing IPv4 and IPv6 flows in the in-kernel MPTCP path
manager.
- IPv6: don't check net.ipv6.route.max_size and rely on garbage
collection to free memory (similarly to IPv4).
- Support Penultimate Segment Pop (PSP) flavor in SRv6 (RFC8986).
- ICMP: add per-rate limit counters.
- Add support for user scanning requests in ieee802154.
- Remove static WEP support.
- Support minimal Wi-Fi 7 Extremely High Throughput (EHT) rate
reporting.
- WiFi 7 EHT channel puncturing support (client & AP).
BPF:
- Add a rbtree data structure following the "next-gen data structure"
precedent set by recently added linked list, that is, by using
kfunc + kptr instead of adding a new BPF map type.
- Expose XDP hints via kfuncs with initial support for RX hash and
timestamp metadata.
- Add BPF_F_NO_TUNNEL_KEY extension to bpf_skb_set_tunnel_key to
better support decap on GRE tunnel devices not operating in collect
metadata.
- Improve x86 JIT's codegen for PROBE_MEM runtime error checks.
- Remove the need for trace_printk_lock for bpf_trace_printk and
bpf_trace_vprintk helpers.
- Extend libbpf's bpf_tracing.h support for tracing arguments of
kprobes/uprobes and syscall as a special case.
- Significantly reduce the search time for module symbols by
livepatch and BPF.
- Enable cpumasks to be used as kptrs, which is useful for tracing
programs tracking which tasks end up running on which CPUs in
different time intervals.
- Add support for BPF trampoline on s390x and riscv64.
- Add capability to export the XDP features supported by the NIC.
- Add __bpf_kfunc tag for marking kernel functions as kfuncs.
- Add cgroup.memory=nobpf kernel parameter option to disable BPF
memory accounting for container environments.
Netfilter:
- Remove the CLUSTERIP target. It has been marked as obsolete for
years, and we still have WARN splats wrt races of the out-of-band
/proc interface installed by this target.
- Add 'destroy' commands to nf_tables. They are identical to the
existing 'delete' commands, but do not return an error if the
referenced object (set, chain, rule...) did not exist.
Driver API:
- Improve cpumask_local_spread() locality to help NICs set the right
IRQ affinity on AMD platforms.
- Separate C22 and C45 MDIO bus transactions more clearly.
- Introduce new DCB table to control DSCP rewrite on egress.
- Support configuration of Physical Layer Collision Avoidance (PLCA)
Reconciliation Sublayer (RS) (802.3cg-2019). Modern version of
shared medium Ethernet.
- Support for MAC Merge layer (IEEE 802.3-2018 clause 99). Allowing
preemption of low priority frames by high priority frames.
- Add support for controlling MACSec offload using netlink SET.
- Rework devlink instance refcounts to allow registration and
de-registration under the instance lock. Split the code into
multiple files, drop some of the unnecessarily granular locks and
factor out common parts of netlink operation handling.
- Add TX frame aggregation parameters (for USB drivers).
- Add a new attr TCA_EXT_WARN_MSG to report TC (offload) warning
messages with notifications for debug.
- Allow offloading of UDP NEW connections via act_ct.
- Add support for per action HW stats in TC.
- Support hardware miss to TC action (continue processing in SW from
a specific point in the action chain).
- Warn if old Wireless Extension user space interface is used with
modern cfg80211/mac80211 drivers. Do not support Wireless
Extensions for Wi-Fi 7 devices at all. Everyone should switch to
using nl80211 interface instead.
- Improve the CAN bit timing configuration. Use extack to return
error messages directly to user space, update the SJW handling,
including the definition of a new default value that will benefit
CAN-FD controllers, by increasing their oscillator tolerance.
New hardware / drivers:
- Ethernet:
- nVidia BlueField-3 support (control traffic driver)
- Ethernet support for imx93 SoCs
- Motorcomm yt8531 gigabit Ethernet PHY
- onsemi NCN26000 10BASE-T1S PHY (with support for PLCA)
- Microchip LAN8841 PHY (incl. cable diagnostics and PTP)
- Amlogic gxl MDIO mux
- WiFi:
- RealTek RTL8188EU (rtl8xxxu)
- Qualcomm Wi-Fi 7 devices (ath12k)
- CAN:
- Renesas R-Car V4H
Drivers:
- Bluetooth:
- Set Per Platform Antenna Gain (PPAG) for Intel controllers.
- Ethernet NICs:
- Intel (1G, igc):
- support TSN / Qbv / packet scheduling features of i226 model
- Intel (100G, ice):
- use GNSS subsystem instead of TTY
- multi-buffer XDP support
- extend support for GPIO pins to E823 devices
- nVidia/Mellanox:
- update the shared buffer configuration on PFC commands
- implement PTP adjphase function for HW offset control
- TC support for Geneve and GRE with VF tunnel offload
- more efficient crypto key management method
- multi-port eswitch support
- Netronome/Corigine:
- add DCB IEEE support
- support IPsec offloading for NFP3800
- Freescale/NXP (enetc):
- support XDP_REDIRECT for XDP non-linear buffers
- improve reconfig, avoid link flap and waiting for idle
- support MAC Merge layer
- Other NICs:
- sfc/ef100: add basic devlink support for ef100
- ionic: rx_push mode operation (writing descriptors via MMIO)
- bnxt: use the auxiliary bus abstraction for RDMA
- r8169: disable ASPM and reset bus in case of tx timeout
- cpsw: support QSGMII mode for J721e CPSW9G
- cpts: support pulse-per-second output
- ngbe: add an mdio bus driver
- usbnet: optimize usbnet_bh() by avoiding unnecessary queuing
- r8152: handle devices with FW with NCM support
- amd-xgbe: support 10Mbps, 2.5GbE speeds and rx-adaptation
- virtio-net: support multi buffer XDP
- virtio/vsock: replace virtio_vsock_pkt with sk_buff
- tsnep: XDP support
- Ethernet high-speed switches:
- nVidia/Mellanox (mlxsw):
- add support for latency TLV (in FW control messages)
- Microchip (sparx5):
- separate explicit and implicit traffic forwarding rules, make
the implicit rules always active
- add support for egress DSCP rewrite
- IS0 VCAP support (Ingress Classification)
- IS2 VCAP filters (protos, L3 addrs, L4 ports, flags, ToS
etc.)
- ES2 VCAP support (Egress Access Control)
- support for Per-Stream Filtering and Policing (802.1Q,
8.6.5.1)
- Ethernet embedded switches:
- Marvell (mv88e6xxx):
- add MAB (port auth) offload support
- enable PTP receive for mv88e6390
- NXP (ocelot):
- support MAC Merge layer
- support for the the vsc7512 internal copper phys
- Microchip:
- lan9303: convert to PHYLINK
- lan966x: support TC flower filter statistics
- lan937x: PTP support for KSZ9563/KSZ8563 and LAN937x
- lan937x: support Credit Based Shaper configuration
- ksz9477: support Energy Efficient Ethernet
- other:
- qca8k: convert to regmap read/write API, use bulk operations
- rswitch: Improve TX timestamp accuracy
- Intel WiFi (iwlwifi):
- EHT (Wi-Fi 7) rate reporting
- STEP equalizer support: transfer some STEP (connection to radio
on platforms with integrated wifi) related parameters from the
BIOS to the firmware.
- Qualcomm 802.11ax WiFi (ath11k):
- IPQ5018 support
- Fine Timing Measurement (FTM) responder role support
- channel 177 support
- MediaTek WiFi (mt76):
- per-PHY LED support
- mt7996: EHT (Wi-Fi 7) support
- Wireless Ethernet Dispatch (WED) reset support
- switch to using page pool allocator
- RealTek WiFi (rtw89):
- support new version of Bluetooth co-existance
- Mobile:
- rmnet: support TX aggregation"
* tag 'net-next-6.3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/net-next: (1872 commits)
page_pool: add a comment explaining the fragment counter usage
net: ethtool: fix __ethtool_dev_mm_supported() implementation
ethtool: pse-pd: Fix double word in comments
xsk: add linux/vmalloc.h to xsk.c
sefltests: netdevsim: wait for devlink instance after netns removal
selftest: fib_tests: Always cleanup before exit
net/mlx5e: Align IPsec ASO result memory to be as required by hardware
net/mlx5e: TC, Set CT miss to the specific ct action instance
net/mlx5e: Rename CHAIN_TO_REG to MAPPED_OBJ_TO_REG
net/mlx5: Refactor tc miss handling to a single function
net/mlx5: Kconfig: Make tc offload depend on tc skb extension
net/sched: flower: Support hardware miss to tc action
net/sched: flower: Move filter handle initialization earlier
net/sched: cls_api: Support hardware miss to tc action
net/sched: Rename user cookie and act cookie
sfc: fix builds without CONFIG_RTC_LIB
sfc: clean up some inconsistent indentings
net/mlx4_en: Introduce flexible array to silence overflow warning
net: lan966x: Fix possible deadlock inside PTP
net/ulp: Remove redundant ->clone() test in inet_clone_ulp().
...
Diffstat (limited to 'arch/x86/kernel/kprobes/core.c')
-rw-r--r-- | arch/x86/kernel/kprobes/core.c | 1027 |
1 files changed, 1027 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/arch/x86/kernel/kprobes/core.c b/arch/x86/kernel/kprobes/core.c new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f7f6042eb --- /dev/null +++ b/arch/x86/kernel/kprobes/core.c @@ -0,0 +1,1027 @@ +// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later +/* + * Kernel Probes (KProbes) + * + * Copyright (C) IBM Corporation, 2002, 2004 + * + * 2002-Oct Created by Vamsi Krishna S <vamsi_krishna@in.ibm.com> Kernel + * Probes initial implementation ( includes contributions from + * Rusty Russell). + * 2004-July Suparna Bhattacharya <suparna@in.ibm.com> added jumper probes + * interface to access function arguments. + * 2004-Oct Jim Keniston <jkenisto@us.ibm.com> and Prasanna S Panchamukhi + * <prasanna@in.ibm.com> adapted for x86_64 from i386. + * 2005-Mar Roland McGrath <roland@redhat.com> + * Fixed to handle %rip-relative addressing mode correctly. + * 2005-May Hien Nguyen <hien@us.ibm.com>, Jim Keniston + * <jkenisto@us.ibm.com> and Prasanna S Panchamukhi + * <prasanna@in.ibm.com> added function-return probes. + * 2005-May Rusty Lynch <rusty.lynch@intel.com> + * Added function return probes functionality + * 2006-Feb Masami Hiramatsu <hiramatu@sdl.hitachi.co.jp> added + * kprobe-booster and kretprobe-booster for i386. + * 2007-Dec Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@redhat.com> added kprobe-booster + * and kretprobe-booster for x86-64 + * 2007-Dec Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@redhat.com>, Arjan van de Ven + * <arjan@infradead.org> and Jim Keniston <jkenisto@us.ibm.com> + * unified x86 kprobes code. + */ +#include <linux/kprobes.h> +#include <linux/ptrace.h> +#include <linux/string.h> +#include <linux/slab.h> +#include <linux/hardirq.h> +#include <linux/preempt.h> +#include <linux/sched/debug.h> +#include <linux/perf_event.h> +#include <linux/extable.h> +#include <linux/kdebug.h> +#include <linux/kallsyms.h> +#include <linux/kgdb.h> +#include <linux/ftrace.h> +#include <linux/kasan.h> +#include <linux/moduleloader.h> +#include <linux/objtool.h> +#include <linux/vmalloc.h> +#include <linux/pgtable.h> +#include <linux/set_memory.h> + +#include <asm/text-patching.h> +#include <asm/cacheflush.h> +#include <asm/desc.h> +#include <linux/uaccess.h> +#include <asm/alternative.h> +#include <asm/insn.h> +#include <asm/debugreg.h> +#include <asm/ibt.h> + +#include "common.h" + +DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct kprobe *, current_kprobe) = NULL; +DEFINE_PER_CPU(struct kprobe_ctlblk, kprobe_ctlblk); + +#define W(row, b0, b1, b2, b3, b4, b5, b6, b7, b8, b9, ba, bb, bc, bd, be, bf)\ + (((b0##UL << 0x0)|(b1##UL << 0x1)|(b2##UL << 0x2)|(b3##UL << 0x3) | \ + (b4##UL << 0x4)|(b5##UL << 0x5)|(b6##UL << 0x6)|(b7##UL << 0x7) | \ + (b8##UL << 0x8)|(b9##UL << 0x9)|(ba##UL << 0xa)|(bb##UL << 0xb) | \ + (bc##UL << 0xc)|(bd##UL << 0xd)|(be##UL << 0xe)|(bf##UL << 0xf)) \ + << (row % 32)) + /* + * Undefined/reserved opcodes, conditional jump, Opcode Extension + * Groups, and some special opcodes can not boost. + * This is non-const and volatile to keep gcc from statically + * optimizing it out, as variable_test_bit makes gcc think only + * *(unsigned long*) is used. + */ +static volatile u32 twobyte_is_boostable[256 / 32] = { + /* 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a b c d e f */ + /* ---------------------------------------------- */ + W(0x00, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0) | /* 00 */ + W(0x10, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1) , /* 10 */ + W(0x20, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0) | /* 20 */ + W(0x30, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0) , /* 30 */ + W(0x40, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1) | /* 40 */ + W(0x50, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0) , /* 50 */ + W(0x60, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1) | /* 60 */ + W(0x70, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1) , /* 70 */ + W(0x80, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0) | /* 80 */ + W(0x90, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1) , /* 90 */ + W(0xa0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1) | /* a0 */ + W(0xb0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1) , /* b0 */ + W(0xc0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1) | /* c0 */ + W(0xd0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1) , /* d0 */ + W(0xe0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1) | /* e0 */ + W(0xf0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0) /* f0 */ + /* ----------------------------------------------- */ + /* 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a b c d e f */ +}; +#undef W + +struct kretprobe_blackpoint kretprobe_blacklist[] = { + {"__switch_to", }, /* This function switches only current task, but + doesn't switch kernel stack.*/ + {NULL, NULL} /* Terminator */ +}; + +const int kretprobe_blacklist_size = ARRAY_SIZE(kretprobe_blacklist); + +static nokprobe_inline void +__synthesize_relative_insn(void *dest, void *from, void *to, u8 op) +{ + struct __arch_relative_insn { + u8 op; + s32 raddr; + } __packed *insn; + + insn = (struct __arch_relative_insn *)dest; + insn->raddr = (s32)((long)(to) - ((long)(from) + 5)); + insn->op = op; +} + +/* Insert a jump instruction at address 'from', which jumps to address 'to'.*/ +void synthesize_reljump(void *dest, void *from, void *to) +{ + __synthesize_relative_insn(dest, from, to, JMP32_INSN_OPCODE); +} +NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(synthesize_reljump); + +/* Insert a call instruction at address 'from', which calls address 'to'.*/ +void synthesize_relcall(void *dest, void *from, void *to) +{ + __synthesize_relative_insn(dest, from, to, CALL_INSN_OPCODE); +} +NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(synthesize_relcall); + +/* + * Returns non-zero if INSN is boostable. + * RIP relative instructions are adjusted at copying time in 64 bits mode + */ +int can_boost(struct insn *insn, void *addr) +{ + kprobe_opcode_t opcode; + insn_byte_t prefix; + int i; + + if (search_exception_tables((unsigned long)addr)) + return 0; /* Page fault may occur on this address. */ + + /* 2nd-byte opcode */ + if (insn->opcode.nbytes == 2) + return test_bit(insn->opcode.bytes[1], + (unsigned long *)twobyte_is_boostable); + + if (insn->opcode.nbytes != 1) + return 0; + + for_each_insn_prefix(insn, i, prefix) { + insn_attr_t attr; + + attr = inat_get_opcode_attribute(prefix); + /* Can't boost Address-size override prefix and CS override prefix */ + if (prefix == 0x2e || inat_is_address_size_prefix(attr)) + return 0; + } + + opcode = insn->opcode.bytes[0]; + + switch (opcode) { + case 0x62: /* bound */ + case 0x70 ... 0x7f: /* Conditional jumps */ + case 0x9a: /* Call far */ + case 0xc0 ... 0xc1: /* Grp2 */ + case 0xcc ... 0xce: /* software exceptions */ + case 0xd0 ... 0xd3: /* Grp2 */ + case 0xd6: /* (UD) */ + case 0xd8 ... 0xdf: /* ESC */ + case 0xe0 ... 0xe3: /* LOOP*, JCXZ */ + case 0xe8 ... 0xe9: /* near Call, JMP */ + case 0xeb: /* Short JMP */ + case 0xf0 ... 0xf4: /* LOCK/REP, HLT */ + case 0xf6 ... 0xf7: /* Grp3 */ + case 0xfe: /* Grp4 */ + /* ... are not boostable */ + return 0; + case 0xff: /* Grp5 */ + /* Only indirect jmp is boostable */ + return X86_MODRM_REG(insn->modrm.bytes[0]) == 4; + default: + return 1; + } +} + +static unsigned long +__recover_probed_insn(kprobe_opcode_t *buf, unsigned long addr) +{ + struct kprobe *kp; + bool faddr; + + kp = get_kprobe((void *)addr); + faddr = ftrace_location(addr) == addr; + /* + * Use the current code if it is not modified by Kprobe + * and it cannot be modified by ftrace. + */ + if (!kp && !faddr) + return addr; + + /* + * Basically, kp->ainsn.insn has an original instruction. + * However, RIP-relative instruction can not do single-stepping + * at different place, __copy_instruction() tweaks the displacement of + * that instruction. In that case, we can't recover the instruction + * from the kp->ainsn.insn. + * + * On the other hand, in case on normal Kprobe, kp->opcode has a copy + * of the first byte of the probed instruction, which is overwritten + * by int3. And the instruction at kp->addr is not modified by kprobes + * except for the first byte, we can recover the original instruction + * from it and kp->opcode. + * + * In case of Kprobes using ftrace, we do not have a copy of + * the original instruction. In fact, the ftrace location might + * be modified at anytime and even could be in an inconsistent state. + * Fortunately, we know that the original code is the ideal 5-byte + * long NOP. + */ + if (copy_from_kernel_nofault(buf, (void *)addr, + MAX_INSN_SIZE * sizeof(kprobe_opcode_t))) + return 0UL; + + if (faddr) + memcpy(buf, x86_nops[5], 5); + else + buf[0] = kp->opcode; + return (unsigned long)buf; +} + +/* + * Recover the probed instruction at addr for further analysis. + * Caller must lock kprobes by kprobe_mutex, or disable preemption + * for preventing to release referencing kprobes. + * Returns zero if the instruction can not get recovered (or access failed). + */ +unsigned long recover_probed_instruction(kprobe_opcode_t *buf, unsigned long addr) +{ + unsigned long __addr; + + __addr = __recover_optprobed_insn(buf, addr); + if (__addr != addr) + return __addr; + + return __recover_probed_insn(buf, addr); +} + +/* Check if paddr is at an instruction boundary */ +static int can_probe(unsigned long paddr) +{ + unsigned long addr, __addr, offset = 0; + struct insn insn; + kprobe_opcode_t buf[MAX_INSN_SIZE]; + + if (!kallsyms_lookup_size_offset(paddr, NULL, &offset)) + return 0; + + /* Decode instructions */ + addr = paddr - offset; + while (addr < paddr) { + int ret; + + /* + * Check if the instruction has been modified by another + * kprobe, in which case we replace the breakpoint by the + * original instruction in our buffer. + * Also, jump optimization will change the breakpoint to + * relative-jump. Since the relative-jump itself is + * normally used, we just go through if there is no kprobe. + */ + __addr = recover_probed_instruction(buf, addr); + if (!__addr) + return 0; + + ret = insn_decode_kernel(&insn, (void *)__addr); + if (ret < 0) + return 0; + +#ifdef CONFIG_KGDB + /* + * If there is a dynamically installed kgdb sw breakpoint, + * this function should not be probed. + */ + if (insn.opcode.bytes[0] == INT3_INSN_OPCODE && + kgdb_has_hit_break(addr)) + return 0; +#endif + addr += insn.length; + } + + return (addr == paddr); +} + +/* If x86 supports IBT (ENDBR) it must be skipped. */ +kprobe_opcode_t *arch_adjust_kprobe_addr(unsigned long addr, unsigned long offset, + bool *on_func_entry) +{ + if (is_endbr(*(u32 *)addr)) { + *on_func_entry = !offset || offset == 4; + if (*on_func_entry) + offset = 4; + + } else { + *on_func_entry = !offset; + } + + return (kprobe_opcode_t *)(addr + offset); +} + +/* + * Copy an instruction with recovering modified instruction by kprobes + * and adjust the displacement if the instruction uses the %rip-relative + * addressing mode. Note that since @real will be the final place of copied + * instruction, displacement must be adjust by @real, not @dest. + * This returns the length of copied instruction, or 0 if it has an error. + */ +int __copy_instruction(u8 *dest, u8 *src, u8 *real, struct insn *insn) +{ + kprobe_opcode_t buf[MAX_INSN_SIZE]; + unsigned long recovered_insn = recover_probed_instruction(buf, (unsigned long)src); + int ret; + + if (!recovered_insn || !insn) + return 0; + + /* This can access kernel text if given address is not recovered */ + if (copy_from_kernel_nofault(dest, (void *)recovered_insn, + MAX_INSN_SIZE)) + return 0; + + ret = insn_decode_kernel(insn, dest); + if (ret < 0) + return 0; + + /* We can not probe force emulate prefixed instruction */ + if (insn_has_emulate_prefix(insn)) + return 0; + + /* Another subsystem puts a breakpoint, failed to recover */ + if (insn->opcode.bytes[0] == INT3_INSN_OPCODE) + return 0; + + /* We should not singlestep on the exception masking instructions */ + if (insn_masking_exception(insn)) + return 0; + +#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64 + /* Only x86_64 has RIP relative instructions */ + if (insn_rip_relative(insn)) { + s64 newdisp; + u8 *disp; + /* + * The copied instruction uses the %rip-relative addressing + * mode. Adjust the displacement for the difference between + * the original location of this instruction and the location + * of the copy that will actually be run. The tricky bit here + * is making sure that the sign extension happens correctly in + * this calculation, since we need a signed 32-bit result to + * be sign-extended to 64 bits when it's added to the %rip + * value and yield the same 64-bit result that the sign- + * extension of the original signed 32-bit displacement would + * have given. + */ + newdisp = (u8 *) src + (s64) insn->displacement.value + - (u8 *) real; + if ((s64) (s32) newdisp != newdisp) { + pr_err("Kprobes error: new displacement does not fit into s32 (%llx)\n", newdisp); + return 0; + } + disp = (u8 *) dest + insn_offset_displacement(insn); + *(s32 *) disp = (s32) newdisp; + } +#endif + return insn->length; +} + +/* Prepare reljump or int3 right after instruction */ +static int prepare_singlestep(kprobe_opcode_t *buf, struct kprobe *p, + struct insn *insn) +{ + int len = insn->length; + + if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_PREEMPTION) && + !p->post_handler && can_boost(insn, p->addr) && + MAX_INSN_SIZE - len >= JMP32_INSN_SIZE) { + /* + * These instructions can be executed directly if it + * jumps back to correct address. + */ + synthesize_reljump(buf + len, p->ainsn.insn + len, + p->addr + insn->length); + len += JMP32_INSN_SIZE; + p->ainsn.boostable = 1; + } else { + /* Otherwise, put an int3 for trapping singlestep */ + if (MAX_INSN_SIZE - len < INT3_INSN_SIZE) + return -ENOSPC; + + buf[len] = INT3_INSN_OPCODE; + len += INT3_INSN_SIZE; + } + + return len; +} + +/* Make page to RO mode when allocate it */ +void *alloc_insn_page(void) +{ + void *page; + + page = module_alloc(PAGE_SIZE); + if (!page) + return NULL; + + /* + * TODO: Once additional kernel code protection mechanisms are set, ensure + * that the page was not maliciously altered and it is still zeroed. + */ + set_memory_rox((unsigned long)page, 1); + + return page; +} + +/* Kprobe x86 instruction emulation - only regs->ip or IF flag modifiers */ + +static void kprobe_emulate_ifmodifiers(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *regs) +{ + switch (p->ainsn.opcode) { + case 0xfa: /* cli */ + regs->flags &= ~(X86_EFLAGS_IF); + break; + case 0xfb: /* sti */ + regs->flags |= X86_EFLAGS_IF; + break; + case 0x9c: /* pushf */ + int3_emulate_push(regs, regs->flags); + break; + case 0x9d: /* popf */ + regs->flags = int3_emulate_pop(regs); + break; + } + regs->ip = regs->ip - INT3_INSN_SIZE + p->ainsn.size; +} +NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(kprobe_emulate_ifmodifiers); + +static void kprobe_emulate_ret(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *regs) +{ + int3_emulate_ret(regs); +} +NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(kprobe_emulate_ret); + +static void kprobe_emulate_call(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *regs) +{ + unsigned long func = regs->ip - INT3_INSN_SIZE + p->ainsn.size; + + func += p->ainsn.rel32; + int3_emulate_call(regs, func); +} +NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(kprobe_emulate_call); + +static void kprobe_emulate_jmp(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *regs) +{ + unsigned long ip = regs->ip - INT3_INSN_SIZE + p->ainsn.size; + + ip += p->ainsn.rel32; + int3_emulate_jmp(regs, ip); +} +NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(kprobe_emulate_jmp); + +static void kprobe_emulate_jcc(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *regs) +{ + unsigned long ip = regs->ip - INT3_INSN_SIZE + p->ainsn.size; + + int3_emulate_jcc(regs, p->ainsn.jcc.type, ip, p->ainsn.rel32); +} +NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(kprobe_emulate_jcc); + +static void kprobe_emulate_loop(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *regs) +{ + unsigned long ip = regs->ip - INT3_INSN_SIZE + p->ainsn.size; + bool match; + + if (p->ainsn.loop.type != 3) { /* LOOP* */ + if (p->ainsn.loop.asize == 32) + match = ((*(u32 *)®s->cx)--) != 0; +#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64 + else if (p->ainsn.loop.asize == 64) + match = ((*(u64 *)®s->cx)--) != 0; +#endif + else + match = ((*(u16 *)®s->cx)--) != 0; + } else { /* JCXZ */ + if (p->ainsn.loop.asize == 32) + match = *(u32 *)(®s->cx) == 0; +#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64 + else if (p->ainsn.loop.asize == 64) + match = *(u64 *)(®s->cx) == 0; +#endif + else + match = *(u16 *)(®s->cx) == 0; + } + + if (p->ainsn.loop.type == 0) /* LOOPNE */ + match = match && !(regs->flags & X86_EFLAGS_ZF); + else if (p->ainsn.loop.type == 1) /* LOOPE */ + match = match && (regs->flags & X86_EFLAGS_ZF); + + if (match) + ip += p->ainsn.rel32; + int3_emulate_jmp(regs, ip); +} +NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(kprobe_emulate_loop); + +static const int addrmode_regoffs[] = { + offsetof(struct pt_regs, ax), + offsetof(struct pt_regs, cx), + offsetof(struct pt_regs, dx), + offsetof(struct pt_regs, bx), + offsetof(struct pt_regs, sp), + offsetof(struct pt_regs, bp), + offsetof(struct pt_regs, si), + offsetof(struct pt_regs, di), +#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64 + offsetof(struct pt_regs, r8), + offsetof(struct pt_regs, r9), + offsetof(struct pt_regs, r10), + offsetof(struct pt_regs, r11), + offsetof(struct pt_regs, r12), + offsetof(struct pt_regs, r13), + offsetof(struct pt_regs, r14), + offsetof(struct pt_regs, r15), +#endif +}; + +static void kprobe_emulate_call_indirect(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *regs) +{ + unsigned long offs = addrmode_regoffs[p->ainsn.indirect.reg]; + + int3_emulate_call(regs, regs_get_register(regs, offs)); +} +NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(kprobe_emulate_call_indirect); + +static void kprobe_emulate_jmp_indirect(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *regs) +{ + unsigned long offs = addrmode_regoffs[p->ainsn.indirect.reg]; + + int3_emulate_jmp(regs, regs_get_register(regs, offs)); +} +NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(kprobe_emulate_jmp_indirect); + +static int prepare_emulation(struct kprobe *p, struct insn *insn) +{ + insn_byte_t opcode = insn->opcode.bytes[0]; + + switch (opcode) { + case 0xfa: /* cli */ + case 0xfb: /* sti */ + case 0x9c: /* pushfl */ + case 0x9d: /* popf/popfd */ + /* + * IF modifiers must be emulated since it will enable interrupt while + * int3 single stepping. + */ + p->ainsn.emulate_op = kprobe_emulate_ifmodifiers; + p->ainsn.opcode = opcode; + break; + case 0xc2: /* ret/lret */ + case 0xc3: + case 0xca: + case 0xcb: + p->ainsn.emulate_op = kprobe_emulate_ret; + break; + case 0x9a: /* far call absolute -- segment is not supported */ + case 0xea: /* far jmp absolute -- segment is not supported */ + case 0xcc: /* int3 */ + case 0xcf: /* iret -- in-kernel IRET is not supported */ + return -EOPNOTSUPP; + break; + case 0xe8: /* near call relative */ + p->ainsn.emulate_op = kprobe_emulate_call; + if (insn->immediate.nbytes == 2) + p->ainsn.rel32 = *(s16 *)&insn->immediate.value; + else + p->ainsn.rel32 = *(s32 *)&insn->immediate.value; + break; + case 0xeb: /* short jump relative */ + case 0xe9: /* near jump relative */ + p->ainsn.emulate_op = kprobe_emulate_jmp; + if (insn->immediate.nbytes == 1) + p->ainsn.rel32 = *(s8 *)&insn->immediate.value; + else if (insn->immediate.nbytes == 2) + p->ainsn.rel32 = *(s16 *)&insn->immediate.value; + else + p->ainsn.rel32 = *(s32 *)&insn->immediate.value; + break; + case 0x70 ... 0x7f: + /* 1 byte conditional jump */ + p->ainsn.emulate_op = kprobe_emulate_jcc; + p->ainsn.jcc.type = opcode & 0xf; + p->ainsn.rel32 = insn->immediate.value; + break; + case 0x0f: + opcode = insn->opcode.bytes[1]; + if ((opcode & 0xf0) == 0x80) { + /* 2 bytes Conditional Jump */ + p->ainsn.emulate_op = kprobe_emulate_jcc; + p->ainsn.jcc.type = opcode & 0xf; + if (insn->immediate.nbytes == 2) + p->ainsn.rel32 = *(s16 *)&insn->immediate.value; + else + p->ainsn.rel32 = *(s32 *)&insn->immediate.value; + } else if (opcode == 0x01 && + X86_MODRM_REG(insn->modrm.bytes[0]) == 0 && + X86_MODRM_MOD(insn->modrm.bytes[0]) == 3) { + /* VM extensions - not supported */ + return -EOPNOTSUPP; + } + break; + case 0xe0: /* Loop NZ */ + case 0xe1: /* Loop */ + case 0xe2: /* Loop */ + case 0xe3: /* J*CXZ */ + p->ainsn.emulate_op = kprobe_emulate_loop; + p->ainsn.loop.type = opcode & 0x3; + p->ainsn.loop.asize = insn->addr_bytes * 8; + p->ainsn.rel32 = *(s8 *)&insn->immediate.value; + break; + case 0xff: + /* + * Since the 0xff is an extended group opcode, the instruction + * is determined by the MOD/RM byte. + */ + opcode = insn->modrm.bytes[0]; + switch (X86_MODRM_REG(opcode)) { + case 0b010: /* FF /2, call near, absolute indirect */ + p->ainsn.emulate_op = kprobe_emulate_call_indirect; + break; + case 0b100: /* FF /4, jmp near, absolute indirect */ + p->ainsn.emulate_op = kprobe_emulate_jmp_indirect; + break; + case 0b011: /* FF /3, call far, absolute indirect */ + case 0b101: /* FF /5, jmp far, absolute indirect */ + return -EOPNOTSUPP; + } + + if (!p->ainsn.emulate_op) + break; + + if (insn->addr_bytes != sizeof(unsigned long)) + return -EOPNOTSUPP; /* Don't support different size */ + if (X86_MODRM_MOD(opcode) != 3) + return -EOPNOTSUPP; /* TODO: support memory addressing */ + + p->ainsn.indirect.reg = X86_MODRM_RM(opcode); +#ifdef CONFIG_X86_64 + if (X86_REX_B(insn->rex_prefix.value)) + p->ainsn.indirect.reg += 8; +#endif + break; + default: + break; + } + p->ainsn.size = insn->length; + + return 0; +} + +static int arch_copy_kprobe(struct kprobe *p) +{ + struct insn insn; + kprobe_opcode_t buf[MAX_INSN_SIZE]; + int ret, len; + + /* Copy an instruction with recovering if other optprobe modifies it.*/ + len = __copy_instruction(buf, p->addr, p->ainsn.insn, &insn); + if (!len) + return -EINVAL; + + /* Analyze the opcode and setup emulate functions */ + ret = prepare_emulation(p, &insn); + if (ret < 0) + return ret; + + /* Add int3 for single-step or booster jmp */ + len = prepare_singlestep(buf, p, &insn); + if (len < 0) + return len; + + /* Also, displacement change doesn't affect the first byte */ + p->opcode = buf[0]; + + p->ainsn.tp_len = len; + perf_event_text_poke(p->ainsn.insn, NULL, 0, buf, len); + + /* OK, write back the instruction(s) into ROX insn buffer */ + text_poke(p->ainsn.insn, buf, len); + + return 0; +} + +int arch_prepare_kprobe(struct kprobe *p) +{ + int ret; + + if (alternatives_text_reserved(p->addr, p->addr)) + return -EINVAL; + + if (!can_probe((unsigned long)p->addr)) + return -EILSEQ; + + memset(&p->ainsn, 0, sizeof(p->ainsn)); + + /* insn: must be on special executable page on x86. */ + p->ainsn.insn = get_insn_slot(); + if (!p->ainsn.insn) + return -ENOMEM; + + ret = arch_copy_kprobe(p); + if (ret) { + free_insn_slot(p->ainsn.insn, 0); + p->ainsn.insn = NULL; + } + + return ret; +} + +void arch_arm_kprobe(struct kprobe *p) +{ + u8 int3 = INT3_INSN_OPCODE; + + text_poke(p->addr, &int3, 1); + text_poke_sync(); + perf_event_text_poke(p->addr, &p->opcode, 1, &int3, 1); +} + +void arch_disarm_kprobe(struct kprobe *p) +{ + u8 int3 = INT3_INSN_OPCODE; + + perf_event_text_poke(p->addr, &int3, 1, &p->opcode, 1); + text_poke(p->addr, &p->opcode, 1); + text_poke_sync(); +} + +void arch_remove_kprobe(struct kprobe *p) +{ + if (p->ainsn.insn) { + /* Record the perf event before freeing the slot */ + perf_event_text_poke(p->ainsn.insn, p->ainsn.insn, + p->ainsn.tp_len, NULL, 0); + free_insn_slot(p->ainsn.insn, p->ainsn.boostable); + p->ainsn.insn = NULL; + } +} + +static nokprobe_inline void +save_previous_kprobe(struct kprobe_ctlblk *kcb) +{ + kcb->prev_kprobe.kp = kprobe_running(); + kcb->prev_kprobe.status = kcb->kprobe_status; + kcb->prev_kprobe.old_flags = kcb->kprobe_old_flags; + kcb->prev_kprobe.saved_flags = kcb->kprobe_saved_flags; +} + +static nokprobe_inline void +restore_previous_kprobe(struct kprobe_ctlblk *kcb) +{ + __this_cpu_write(current_kprobe, kcb->prev_kprobe.kp); + kcb->kprobe_status = kcb->prev_kprobe.status; + kcb->kprobe_old_flags = kcb->prev_kprobe.old_flags; + kcb->kprobe_saved_flags = kcb->prev_kprobe.saved_flags; +} + +static nokprobe_inline void +set_current_kprobe(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *regs, + struct kprobe_ctlblk *kcb) +{ + __this_cpu_write(current_kprobe, p); + kcb->kprobe_saved_flags = kcb->kprobe_old_flags + = (regs->flags & X86_EFLAGS_IF); +} + +static void kprobe_post_process(struct kprobe *cur, struct pt_regs *regs, + struct kprobe_ctlblk *kcb) +{ + /* Restore back the original saved kprobes variables and continue. */ + if (kcb->kprobe_status == KPROBE_REENTER) { + /* This will restore both kcb and current_kprobe */ + restore_previous_kprobe(kcb); + } else { + /* + * Always update the kcb status because + * reset_curent_kprobe() doesn't update kcb. + */ + kcb->kprobe_status = KPROBE_HIT_SSDONE; + if (cur->post_handler) + cur->post_handler(cur, regs, 0); + reset_current_kprobe(); + } +} +NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(kprobe_post_process); + +static void setup_singlestep(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *regs, + struct kprobe_ctlblk *kcb, int reenter) +{ + if (setup_detour_execution(p, regs, reenter)) + return; + +#if !defined(CONFIG_PREEMPTION) + if (p->ainsn.boostable) { + /* Boost up -- we can execute copied instructions directly */ + if (!reenter) + reset_current_kprobe(); + /* + * Reentering boosted probe doesn't reset current_kprobe, + * nor set current_kprobe, because it doesn't use single + * stepping. + */ + regs->ip = (unsigned long)p->ainsn.insn; + return; + } +#endif + if (reenter) { + save_previous_kprobe(kcb); + set_current_kprobe(p, regs, kcb); + kcb->kprobe_status = KPROBE_REENTER; + } else + kcb->kprobe_status = KPROBE_HIT_SS; + + if (p->ainsn.emulate_op) { + p->ainsn.emulate_op(p, regs); + kprobe_post_process(p, regs, kcb); + return; + } + + /* Disable interrupt, and set ip register on trampoline */ + regs->flags &= ~X86_EFLAGS_IF; + regs->ip = (unsigned long)p->ainsn.insn; +} +NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(setup_singlestep); + +/* + * Called after single-stepping. p->addr is the address of the + * instruction whose first byte has been replaced by the "int3" + * instruction. To avoid the SMP problems that can occur when we + * temporarily put back the original opcode to single-step, we + * single-stepped a copy of the instruction. The address of this + * copy is p->ainsn.insn. We also doesn't use trap, but "int3" again + * right after the copied instruction. + * Different from the trap single-step, "int3" single-step can not + * handle the instruction which changes the ip register, e.g. jmp, + * call, conditional jmp, and the instructions which changes the IF + * flags because interrupt must be disabled around the single-stepping. + * Such instructions are software emulated, but others are single-stepped + * using "int3". + * + * When the 2nd "int3" handled, the regs->ip and regs->flags needs to + * be adjusted, so that we can resume execution on correct code. + */ +static void resume_singlestep(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *regs, + struct kprobe_ctlblk *kcb) +{ + unsigned long copy_ip = (unsigned long)p->ainsn.insn; + unsigned long orig_ip = (unsigned long)p->addr; + + /* Restore saved interrupt flag and ip register */ + regs->flags |= kcb->kprobe_saved_flags; + /* Note that regs->ip is executed int3 so must be a step back */ + regs->ip += (orig_ip - copy_ip) - INT3_INSN_SIZE; +} +NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(resume_singlestep); + +/* + * We have reentered the kprobe_handler(), since another probe was hit while + * within the handler. We save the original kprobes variables and just single + * step on the instruction of the new probe without calling any user handlers. + */ +static int reenter_kprobe(struct kprobe *p, struct pt_regs *regs, + struct kprobe_ctlblk *kcb) +{ + switch (kcb->kprobe_status) { + case KPROBE_HIT_SSDONE: + case KPROBE_HIT_ACTIVE: + case KPROBE_HIT_SS: + kprobes_inc_nmissed_count(p); + setup_singlestep(p, regs, kcb, 1); + break; + case KPROBE_REENTER: + /* A probe has been hit in the codepath leading up to, or just + * after, single-stepping of a probed instruction. This entire + * codepath should strictly reside in .kprobes.text section. + * Raise a BUG or we'll continue in an endless reentering loop + * and eventually a stack overflow. + */ + pr_err("Unrecoverable kprobe detected.\n"); + dump_kprobe(p); + BUG(); + default: + /* impossible cases */ + WARN_ON(1); + return 0; + } + + return 1; +} +NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(reenter_kprobe); + +static nokprobe_inline int kprobe_is_ss(struct kprobe_ctlblk *kcb) +{ + return (kcb->kprobe_status == KPROBE_HIT_SS || + kcb->kprobe_status == KPROBE_REENTER); +} + +/* + * Interrupts are disabled on entry as trap3 is an interrupt gate and they + * remain disabled throughout this function. + */ +int kprobe_int3_handler(struct pt_regs *regs) +{ + kprobe_opcode_t *addr; + struct kprobe *p; + struct kprobe_ctlblk *kcb; + + if (user_mode(regs)) + return 0; + + addr = (kprobe_opcode_t *)(regs->ip - sizeof(kprobe_opcode_t)); + /* + * We don't want to be preempted for the entire duration of kprobe + * processing. Since int3 and debug trap disables irqs and we clear + * IF while singlestepping, it must be no preemptible. + */ + + kcb = get_kprobe_ctlblk(); + p = get_kprobe(addr); + + if (p) { + if (kprobe_running()) { + if (reenter_kprobe(p, regs, kcb)) + return 1; + } else { + set_current_kprobe(p, regs, kcb); + kcb->kprobe_status = KPROBE_HIT_ACTIVE; + + /* + * If we have no pre-handler or it returned 0, we + * continue with normal processing. If we have a + * pre-handler and it returned non-zero, that means + * user handler setup registers to exit to another + * instruction, we must skip the single stepping. + */ + if (!p->pre_handler || !p->pre_handler(p, regs)) + setup_singlestep(p, regs, kcb, 0); + else + reset_current_kprobe(); + return 1; + } + } else if (kprobe_is_ss(kcb)) { + p = kprobe_running(); + if ((unsigned long)p->ainsn.insn < regs->ip && + (unsigned long)p->ainsn.insn + MAX_INSN_SIZE > regs->ip) { + /* Most provably this is the second int3 for singlestep */ + resume_singlestep(p, regs, kcb); + kprobe_post_process(p, regs, kcb); + return 1; + } + } /* else: not a kprobe fault; let the kernel handle it */ + + return 0; +} +NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(kprobe_int3_handler); + +int kprobe_fault_handler(struct pt_regs *regs, int trapnr) +{ + struct kprobe *cur = kprobe_running(); + struct kprobe_ctlblk *kcb = get_kprobe_ctlblk(); + + if (unlikely(regs->ip == (unsigned long)cur->ainsn.insn)) { + /* This must happen on single-stepping */ + WARN_ON(kcb->kprobe_status != KPROBE_HIT_SS && + kcb->kprobe_status != KPROBE_REENTER); + /* + * We are here because the instruction being single + * stepped caused a page fault. We reset the current + * kprobe and the ip points back to the probe address + * and allow the page fault handler to continue as a + * normal page fault. + */ + regs->ip = (unsigned long)cur->addr; + + /* + * If the IF flag was set before the kprobe hit, + * don't touch it: + */ + regs->flags |= kcb->kprobe_old_flags; + + if (kcb->kprobe_status == KPROBE_REENTER) + restore_previous_kprobe(kcb); + else + reset_current_kprobe(); + } + + return 0; +} +NOKPROBE_SYMBOL(kprobe_fault_handler); + +int __init arch_populate_kprobe_blacklist(void) +{ + return kprobe_add_area_blacklist((unsigned long)__entry_text_start, + (unsigned long)__entry_text_end); +} + +int __init arch_init_kprobes(void) +{ + return 0; +} + +int arch_trampoline_kprobe(struct kprobe *p) +{ + return 0; +} |