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authorLibravatar Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>2023-02-21 18:24:12 -0800
committerLibravatar Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>2023-02-21 18:24:12 -0800
commit5b7c4cabbb65f5c469464da6c5f614cbd7f730f2 (patch)
treecc5c2d0a898769fd59549594fedb3ee6f84e59a0 /tools/perf/Documentation/security.txt
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Merge tag 'net-next-6.3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/net-nextgrafted
Pull networking updates from Jakub Kicinski: "Core: - Add dedicated kmem_cache for typical/small skb->head, avoid having to access struct page at kfree time, and improve memory use. - Introduce sysctl to set default RPS configuration for new netdevs. - Define Netlink protocol specification format which can be used to describe messages used by each family and auto-generate parsers. Add tools for generating kernel data structures and uAPI headers. - Expose all net/core sysctls inside netns. - Remove 4s sleep in netpoll if carrier is instantly detected on boot. - Add configurable limit of MDB entries per port, and port-vlan. - Continue populating drop reasons throughout the stack. - Retire a handful of legacy Qdiscs and classifiers. Protocols: - Support IPv4 big TCP (TSO frames larger than 64kB). - Add IP_LOCAL_PORT_RANGE socket option, to control local port range on socket by socket basis. - Track and report in procfs number of MPTCP sockets used. - Support mixing IPv4 and IPv6 flows in the in-kernel MPTCP path manager. - IPv6: don't check net.ipv6.route.max_size and rely on garbage collection to free memory (similarly to IPv4). - Support Penultimate Segment Pop (PSP) flavor in SRv6 (RFC8986). - ICMP: add per-rate limit counters. - Add support for user scanning requests in ieee802154. - Remove static WEP support. - Support minimal Wi-Fi 7 Extremely High Throughput (EHT) rate reporting. - WiFi 7 EHT channel puncturing support (client & AP). BPF: - Add a rbtree data structure following the "next-gen data structure" precedent set by recently added linked list, that is, by using kfunc + kptr instead of adding a new BPF map type. - Expose XDP hints via kfuncs with initial support for RX hash and timestamp metadata. - Add BPF_F_NO_TUNNEL_KEY extension to bpf_skb_set_tunnel_key to better support decap on GRE tunnel devices not operating in collect metadata. - Improve x86 JIT's codegen for PROBE_MEM runtime error checks. - Remove the need for trace_printk_lock for bpf_trace_printk and bpf_trace_vprintk helpers. - Extend libbpf's bpf_tracing.h support for tracing arguments of kprobes/uprobes and syscall as a special case. - Significantly reduce the search time for module symbols by livepatch and BPF. - Enable cpumasks to be used as kptrs, which is useful for tracing programs tracking which tasks end up running on which CPUs in different time intervals. - Add support for BPF trampoline on s390x and riscv64. - Add capability to export the XDP features supported by the NIC. - Add __bpf_kfunc tag for marking kernel functions as kfuncs. - Add cgroup.memory=nobpf kernel parameter option to disable BPF memory accounting for container environments. Netfilter: - Remove the CLUSTERIP target. It has been marked as obsolete for years, and we still have WARN splats wrt races of the out-of-band /proc interface installed by this target. - Add 'destroy' commands to nf_tables. They are identical to the existing 'delete' commands, but do not return an error if the referenced object (set, chain, rule...) did not exist. Driver API: - Improve cpumask_local_spread() locality to help NICs set the right IRQ affinity on AMD platforms. - Separate C22 and C45 MDIO bus transactions more clearly. - Introduce new DCB table to control DSCP rewrite on egress. - Support configuration of Physical Layer Collision Avoidance (PLCA) Reconciliation Sublayer (RS) (802.3cg-2019). Modern version of shared medium Ethernet. - Support for MAC Merge layer (IEEE 802.3-2018 clause 99). Allowing preemption of low priority frames by high priority frames. - Add support for controlling MACSec offload using netlink SET. - Rework devlink instance refcounts to allow registration and de-registration under the instance lock. Split the code into multiple files, drop some of the unnecessarily granular locks and factor out common parts of netlink operation handling. - Add TX frame aggregation parameters (for USB drivers). - Add a new attr TCA_EXT_WARN_MSG to report TC (offload) warning messages with notifications for debug. - Allow offloading of UDP NEW connections via act_ct. - Add support for per action HW stats in TC. - Support hardware miss to TC action (continue processing in SW from a specific point in the action chain). - Warn if old Wireless Extension user space interface is used with modern cfg80211/mac80211 drivers. Do not support Wireless Extensions for Wi-Fi 7 devices at all. Everyone should switch to using nl80211 interface instead. - Improve the CAN bit timing configuration. Use extack to return error messages directly to user space, update the SJW handling, including the definition of a new default value that will benefit CAN-FD controllers, by increasing their oscillator tolerance. New hardware / drivers: - Ethernet: - nVidia BlueField-3 support (control traffic driver) - Ethernet support for imx93 SoCs - Motorcomm yt8531 gigabit Ethernet PHY - onsemi NCN26000 10BASE-T1S PHY (with support for PLCA) - Microchip LAN8841 PHY (incl. cable diagnostics and PTP) - Amlogic gxl MDIO mux - WiFi: - RealTek RTL8188EU (rtl8xxxu) - Qualcomm Wi-Fi 7 devices (ath12k) - CAN: - Renesas R-Car V4H Drivers: - Bluetooth: - Set Per Platform Antenna Gain (PPAG) for Intel controllers. - Ethernet NICs: - Intel (1G, igc): - support TSN / Qbv / packet scheduling features of i226 model - Intel (100G, ice): - use GNSS subsystem instead of TTY - multi-buffer XDP support - extend support for GPIO pins to E823 devices - nVidia/Mellanox: - update the shared buffer configuration on PFC commands - implement PTP adjphase function for HW offset control - TC support for Geneve and GRE with VF tunnel offload - more efficient crypto key management method - multi-port eswitch support - Netronome/Corigine: - add DCB IEEE support - support IPsec offloading for NFP3800 - Freescale/NXP (enetc): - support XDP_REDIRECT for XDP non-linear buffers - improve reconfig, avoid link flap and waiting for idle - support MAC Merge layer - Other NICs: - sfc/ef100: add basic devlink support for ef100 - ionic: rx_push mode operation (writing descriptors via MMIO) - bnxt: use the auxiliary bus abstraction for RDMA - r8169: disable ASPM and reset bus in case of tx timeout - cpsw: support QSGMII mode for J721e CPSW9G - cpts: support pulse-per-second output - ngbe: add an mdio bus driver - usbnet: optimize usbnet_bh() by avoiding unnecessary queuing - r8152: handle devices with FW with NCM support - amd-xgbe: support 10Mbps, 2.5GbE speeds and rx-adaptation - virtio-net: support multi buffer XDP - virtio/vsock: replace virtio_vsock_pkt with sk_buff - tsnep: XDP support - Ethernet high-speed switches: - nVidia/Mellanox (mlxsw): - add support for latency TLV (in FW control messages) - Microchip (sparx5): - separate explicit and implicit traffic forwarding rules, make the implicit rules always active - add support for egress DSCP rewrite - IS0 VCAP support (Ingress Classification) - IS2 VCAP filters (protos, L3 addrs, L4 ports, flags, ToS etc.) - ES2 VCAP support (Egress Access Control) - support for Per-Stream Filtering and Policing (802.1Q, 8.6.5.1) - Ethernet embedded switches: - Marvell (mv88e6xxx): - add MAB (port auth) offload support - enable PTP receive for mv88e6390 - NXP (ocelot): - support MAC Merge layer - support for the the vsc7512 internal copper phys - Microchip: - lan9303: convert to PHYLINK - lan966x: support TC flower filter statistics - lan937x: PTP support for KSZ9563/KSZ8563 and LAN937x - lan937x: support Credit Based Shaper configuration - ksz9477: support Energy Efficient Ethernet - other: - qca8k: convert to regmap read/write API, use bulk operations - rswitch: Improve TX timestamp accuracy - Intel WiFi (iwlwifi): - EHT (Wi-Fi 7) rate reporting - STEP equalizer support: transfer some STEP (connection to radio on platforms with integrated wifi) related parameters from the BIOS to the firmware. - Qualcomm 802.11ax WiFi (ath11k): - IPQ5018 support - Fine Timing Measurement (FTM) responder role support - channel 177 support - MediaTek WiFi (mt76): - per-PHY LED support - mt7996: EHT (Wi-Fi 7) support - Wireless Ethernet Dispatch (WED) reset support - switch to using page pool allocator - RealTek WiFi (rtw89): - support new version of Bluetooth co-existance - Mobile: - rmnet: support TX aggregation" * tag 'net-next-6.3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/net-next: (1872 commits) page_pool: add a comment explaining the fragment counter usage net: ethtool: fix __ethtool_dev_mm_supported() implementation ethtool: pse-pd: Fix double word in comments xsk: add linux/vmalloc.h to xsk.c sefltests: netdevsim: wait for devlink instance after netns removal selftest: fib_tests: Always cleanup before exit net/mlx5e: Align IPsec ASO result memory to be as required by hardware net/mlx5e: TC, Set CT miss to the specific ct action instance net/mlx5e: Rename CHAIN_TO_REG to MAPPED_OBJ_TO_REG net/mlx5: Refactor tc miss handling to a single function net/mlx5: Kconfig: Make tc offload depend on tc skb extension net/sched: flower: Support hardware miss to tc action net/sched: flower: Move filter handle initialization earlier net/sched: cls_api: Support hardware miss to tc action net/sched: Rename user cookie and act cookie sfc: fix builds without CONFIG_RTC_LIB sfc: clean up some inconsistent indentings net/mlx4_en: Introduce flexible array to silence overflow warning net: lan966x: Fix possible deadlock inside PTP net/ulp: Remove redundant ->clone() test in inet_clone_ulp(). ...
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diff --git a/tools/perf/Documentation/security.txt b/tools/perf/Documentation/security.txt
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+++ b/tools/perf/Documentation/security.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,237 @@
+Overview
+========
+
+For general security related questions of perf_event_open() syscall usage,
+performance monitoring and observability operations by Perf see here:
+https://www.kernel.org/doc/html/latest/admin-guide/perf-security.html
+
+Enabling LSM based mandatory access control (MAC) to perf_event_open() syscall
+==============================================================================
+
+LSM hooks for mandatory access control for perf_event_open() syscall can be
+used starting from Linux v5.3. Below are the steps to extend Fedora (v31) with
+Targeted policy with perf_event_open() access control capabilities:
+
+1. Download selinux-policy SRPM package (e.g. selinux-policy-3.14.4-48.fc31.src.rpm on FC31)
+ and install it so rpmbuild directory would exist in the current working directory:
+
+ # rpm -Uhv selinux-policy-3.14.4-48.fc31.src.rpm
+
+2. Get into rpmbuild/SPECS directory and unpack the source code:
+
+ # rpmbuild -bp selinux-policy.spec
+
+3. Place patch below at rpmbuild/BUILD/selinux-policy-b86eaaf4dbcf2d51dd4432df7185c0eaf3cbcc02
+ directory and apply it:
+
+ # patch -p1 < selinux-policy-perf-events-perfmon.patch
+ patching file policy/flask/access_vectors
+ patching file policy/flask/security_classes
+ # cat selinux-policy-perf-events-perfmon.patch
+diff -Nura a/policy/flask/access_vectors b/policy/flask/access_vectors
+--- a/policy/flask/access_vectors 2020-02-04 18:19:53.000000000 +0300
++++ b/policy/flask/access_vectors 2020-02-28 23:37:25.000000000 +0300
+@@ -174,6 +174,7 @@
+ wake_alarm
+ block_suspend
+ audit_read
++ perfmon
+ }
+
+ #
+@@ -1099,3 +1100,15 @@
+
+ class xdp_socket
+ inherits socket
++
++class perf_event
++{
++ open
++ cpu
++ kernel
++ tracepoint
++ read
++ write
++}
++
++
+diff -Nura a/policy/flask/security_classes b/policy/flask/security_classes
+--- a/policy/flask/security_classes 2020-02-04 18:19:53.000000000 +0300
++++ b/policy/flask/security_classes 2020-02-28 21:35:17.000000000 +0300
+@@ -200,4 +200,6 @@
+
+ class xdp_socket
+
++class perf_event
++
+ # FLASK
+
+4. Get into rpmbuild/SPECS directory and build policy packages from patched sources:
+
+ # rpmbuild --noclean --noprep -ba selinux-policy.spec
+
+ so you have this:
+
+ # ls -alh rpmbuild/RPMS/noarch/
+ total 33M
+ drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4.0K Mar 20 12:16 .
+ drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 4.0K Mar 20 12:16 ..
+ -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 112K Mar 20 12:16 selinux-policy-3.14.4-48.fc31.noarch.rpm
+ -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1.2M Mar 20 12:17 selinux-policy-devel-3.14.4-48.fc31.noarch.rpm
+ -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2.3M Mar 20 12:17 selinux-policy-doc-3.14.4-48.fc31.noarch.rpm
+ -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 12M Mar 20 12:17 selinux-policy-minimum-3.14.4-48.fc31.noarch.rpm
+ -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 4.5M Mar 20 12:16 selinux-policy-mls-3.14.4-48.fc31.noarch.rpm
+ -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 111K Mar 20 12:16 selinux-policy-sandbox-3.14.4-48.fc31.noarch.rpm
+ -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 14M Mar 20 12:17 selinux-policy-targeted-3.14.4-48.fc31.noarch.rpm
+
+5. Install SELinux packages from Fedora repo, if not already done so, and
+ update with the patched rpms above:
+
+ # rpm -Uhv rpmbuild/RPMS/noarch/selinux-policy-*
+
+6. Enable SELinux Permissive mode for Targeted policy, if not already done so:
+
+ # cat /etc/selinux/config
+
+ # This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
+ # SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
+ # enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
+ # permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
+ # disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
+ SELINUX=permissive
+ # SELINUXTYPE= can take one of these three values:
+ # targeted - Targeted processes are protected,
+ # minimum - Modification of targeted policy. Only selected processes are protected.
+ # mls - Multi Level Security protection.
+ SELINUXTYPE=targeted
+
+7. Enable filesystem SELinux labeling at the next reboot:
+
+ # touch /.autorelabel
+
+8. Reboot machine and it will label filesystems and load Targeted policy into the kernel;
+
+9. Login and check that dmesg output doesn't mention that perf_event class is unknown to SELinux subsystem;
+
+10. Check that SELinux is enabled and in Permissive mode
+
+ # getenforce
+ Permissive
+
+11. Turn SELinux into Enforcing mode:
+
+ # setenforce 1
+ # getenforce
+ Enforcing
+
+Opening access to perf_event_open() syscall on Fedora with SELinux
+==================================================================
+
+Access to performance monitoring and observability operations by Perf
+can be limited for superuser or CAP_PERFMON or CAP_SYS_ADMIN privileged
+processes. MAC policy settings (e.g. SELinux) can be loaded into the kernel
+and prevent unauthorized access to perf_event_open() syscall. In such case
+Perf tool provides a message similar to the one below:
+
+ # perf stat
+ Error:
+ Access to performance monitoring and observability operations is limited.
+ Enforced MAC policy settings (SELinux) can limit access to performance
+ monitoring and observability operations. Inspect system audit records for
+ more perf_event access control information and adjusting the policy.
+ Consider adjusting /proc/sys/kernel/perf_event_paranoid setting to open
+ access to performance monitoring and observability operations for users
+ without CAP_PERFMON or CAP_SYS_ADMIN Linux capability.
+ perf_event_paranoid setting is -1:
+ -1: Allow use of (almost) all events by all users
+ Ignore mlock limit after perf_event_mlock_kb without CAP_IPC_LOCK
+ >= 0: Disallow raw and ftrace function tracepoint access
+ >= 1: Disallow CPU event access
+ >= 2: Disallow kernel profiling
+ To make the adjusted perf_event_paranoid setting permanent preserve it
+ in /etc/sysctl.conf (e.g. kernel.perf_event_paranoid = <setting>)
+
+To make sure that access is limited by MAC policy settings inspect system
+audit records using journalctl command or /var/log/audit/audit.log so the
+output would contain AVC denied records related to perf_event:
+
+ # journalctl --reverse --no-pager | grep perf_event
+
+ python3[1318099]: SELinux is preventing perf from open access on the perf_event labeled unconfined_t.
+ If you believe that perf should be allowed open access on perf_event labeled unconfined_t by default.
+ setroubleshoot[1318099]: SELinux is preventing perf from open access on the perf_event labeled unconfined_t. For complete SELinux messages run: sealert -l 4595ce5b-e58f-462c-9d86-3bc2074935de
+ audit[1318098]: AVC avc: denied { open } for pid=1318098 comm="perf" scontext=unconfined_u:unconfined_r:unconfined_t:s0-s0:c0.c1023 tcontext=unconfined_u:unconfined_r:unconfined_t:s0-s0:c0.c1023 tclass=perf_event permissive=0
+
+In order to open access to perf_event_open() syscall MAC policy settings can
+require to be extended. On SELinux system this can be done by loading a special
+policy module extending base policy settings. Perf related policy module can
+be generated using the system audit records about blocking perf_event access.
+Run the command below to generate my-perf.te policy extension file with
+perf_event related rules:
+
+ # ausearch -c 'perf' --raw | audit2allow -M my-perf && cat my-perf.te
+
+ module my-perf 1.0;
+
+ require {
+ type unconfined_t;
+ class perf_event { cpu kernel open read tracepoint write };
+ }
+
+ #============= unconfined_t ==============
+ allow unconfined_t self:perf_event { cpu kernel open read tracepoint write };
+
+Now compile, pack and load my-perf.pp extension module into the kernel:
+
+ # checkmodule -M -m -o my-perf.mod my-perf.te
+ # semodule_package -o my-perf.pp -m my-perf.mod
+ # semodule -X 300 -i my-perf.pp
+
+After all those taken steps above access to perf_event_open() syscall should
+now be allowed by the policy settings. Check access running Perf like this:
+
+ # perf stat
+ ^C
+ Performance counter stats for 'system wide':
+
+ 36,387.41 msec cpu-clock # 7.999 CPUs utilized
+ 2,629 context-switches # 0.072 K/sec
+ 57 cpu-migrations # 0.002 K/sec
+ 1 page-faults # 0.000 K/sec
+ 263,721,559 cycles # 0.007 GHz
+ 175,746,713 instructions # 0.67 insn per cycle
+ 19,628,798 branches # 0.539 M/sec
+ 1,259,201 branch-misses # 6.42% of all branches
+
+ 4.549061439 seconds time elapsed
+
+The generated perf-event.pp related policy extension module can be removed
+from the kernel using this command:
+
+ # semodule -X 300 -r my-perf
+
+Alternatively the module can be temporarily disabled and enabled back using
+these two commands:
+
+ # semodule -d my-perf
+ # semodule -e my-perf
+
+If something went wrong
+=======================
+
+To turn SELinux into Permissive mode:
+ # setenforce 0
+
+To fully disable SELinux during kernel boot [3] set kernel command line parameter selinux=0
+
+To remove SELinux labeling from local filesystems:
+ # find / -mount -print0 | xargs -0 setfattr -h -x security.selinux
+
+To fully turn SELinux off a machine set SELINUX=disabled at /etc/selinux/config file and reboot;
+
+Links
+=====
+
+[1] https://download-ib01.fedoraproject.org/pub/fedora/linux/updates/31/Everything/SRPMS/Packages/s/selinux-policy-3.14.4-49.fc31.src.rpm
+[2] https://docs.fedoraproject.org/en-US/Fedora/11/html/Security-Enhanced_Linux/sect-Security-Enhanced_Linux-Working_with_SELinux-Enabling_and_Disabling_SELinux.html
+[3] https://danwalsh.livejournal.com/10972.html