Merge tag 'net-next-6.3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/net-nextgrafted

Pull networking updates from Jakub Kicinski:
 "Core:

   - Add dedicated kmem_cache for typical/small skb->head, avoid having
     to access struct page at kfree time, and improve memory use.

   - Introduce sysctl to set default RPS configuration for new netdevs.

   - Define Netlink protocol specification format which can be used to
     describe messages used by each family and auto-generate parsers.
     Add tools for generating kernel data structures and uAPI headers.

   - Expose all net/core sysctls inside netns.

   - Remove 4s sleep in netpoll if carrier is instantly detected on
     boot.

   - Add configurable limit of MDB entries per port, and port-vlan.

   - Continue populating drop reasons throughout the stack.

   - Retire a handful of legacy Qdiscs and classifiers.

  Protocols:

   - Support IPv4 big TCP (TSO frames larger than 64kB).

   - Add IP_LOCAL_PORT_RANGE socket option, to control local port range
     on socket by socket basis.

   - Track and report in procfs number of MPTCP sockets used.

   - Support mixing IPv4 and IPv6 flows in the in-kernel MPTCP path
     manager.

   - IPv6: don't check net.ipv6.route.max_size and rely on garbage
     collection to free memory (similarly to IPv4).

   - Support Penultimate Segment Pop (PSP) flavor in SRv6 (RFC8986).

   - ICMP: add per-rate limit counters.

   - Add support for user scanning requests in ieee802154.

   - Remove static WEP support.

   - Support minimal Wi-Fi 7 Extremely High Throughput (EHT) rate
     reporting.

   - WiFi 7 EHT channel puncturing support (client & AP).

  BPF:

   - Add a rbtree data structure following the "next-gen data structure"
     precedent set by recently added linked list, that is, by using
     kfunc + kptr instead of adding a new BPF map type.

   - Expose XDP hints via kfuncs with initial support for RX hash and
     timestamp metadata.

   - Add BPF_F_NO_TUNNEL_KEY extension to bpf_skb_set_tunnel_key to
     better support decap on GRE tunnel devices not operating in collect
     metadata.

   - Improve x86 JIT's codegen for PROBE_MEM runtime error checks.

   - Remove the need for trace_printk_lock for bpf_trace_printk and
     bpf_trace_vprintk helpers.

   - Extend libbpf's bpf_tracing.h support for tracing arguments of
     kprobes/uprobes and syscall as a special case.

   - Significantly reduce the search time for module symbols by
     livepatch and BPF.

   - Enable cpumasks to be used as kptrs, which is useful for tracing
     programs tracking which tasks end up running on which CPUs in
     different time intervals.

   - Add support for BPF trampoline on s390x and riscv64.

   - Add capability to export the XDP features supported by the NIC.

   - Add __bpf_kfunc tag for marking kernel functions as kfuncs.

   - Add cgroup.memory=nobpf kernel parameter option to disable BPF
     memory accounting for container environments.

  Netfilter:

   - Remove the CLUSTERIP target. It has been marked as obsolete for
     years, and we still have WARN splats wrt races of the out-of-band
     /proc interface installed by this target.

   - Add 'destroy' commands to nf_tables. They are identical to the
     existing 'delete' commands, but do not return an error if the
     referenced object (set, chain, rule...) did not exist.

  Driver API:

   - Improve cpumask_local_spread() locality to help NICs set the right
     IRQ affinity on AMD platforms.

   - Separate C22 and C45 MDIO bus transactions more clearly.

   - Introduce new DCB table to control DSCP rewrite on egress.

   - Support configuration of Physical Layer Collision Avoidance (PLCA)
     Reconciliation Sublayer (RS) (802.3cg-2019). Modern version of
     shared medium Ethernet.

   - Support for MAC Merge layer (IEEE 802.3-2018 clause 99). Allowing
     preemption of low priority frames by high priority frames.

   - Add support for controlling MACSec offload using netlink SET.

   - Rework devlink instance refcounts to allow registration and
     de-registration under the instance lock. Split the code into
     multiple files, drop some of the unnecessarily granular locks and
     factor out common parts of netlink operation handling.

   - Add TX frame aggregation parameters (for USB drivers).

   - Add a new attr TCA_EXT_WARN_MSG to report TC (offload) warning
     messages with notifications for debug.

   - Allow offloading of UDP NEW connections via act_ct.

   - Add support for per action HW stats in TC.

   - Support hardware miss to TC action (continue processing in SW from
     a specific point in the action chain).

   - Warn if old Wireless Extension user space interface is used with
     modern cfg80211/mac80211 drivers. Do not support Wireless
     Extensions for Wi-Fi 7 devices at all. Everyone should switch to
     using nl80211 interface instead.

   - Improve the CAN bit timing configuration. Use extack to return
     error messages directly to user space, update the SJW handling,
     including the definition of a new default value that will benefit
     CAN-FD controllers, by increasing their oscillator tolerance.

  New hardware / drivers:

   - Ethernet:
      - nVidia BlueField-3 support (control traffic driver)
      - Ethernet support for imx93 SoCs
      - Motorcomm yt8531 gigabit Ethernet PHY
      - onsemi NCN26000 10BASE-T1S PHY (with support for PLCA)
      - Microchip LAN8841 PHY (incl. cable diagnostics and PTP)
      - Amlogic gxl MDIO mux

   - WiFi:
      - RealTek RTL8188EU (rtl8xxxu)
      - Qualcomm Wi-Fi 7 devices (ath12k)

   - CAN:
      - Renesas R-Car V4H

  Drivers:

   - Bluetooth:
      - Set Per Platform Antenna Gain (PPAG) for Intel controllers.

   - Ethernet NICs:
      - Intel (1G, igc):
         - support TSN / Qbv / packet scheduling features of i226 model
      - Intel (100G, ice):
         - use GNSS subsystem instead of TTY
         - multi-buffer XDP support
         - extend support for GPIO pins to E823 devices
      - nVidia/Mellanox:
         - update the shared buffer configuration on PFC commands
         - implement PTP adjphase function for HW offset control
         - TC support for Geneve and GRE with VF tunnel offload
         - more efficient crypto key management method
         - multi-port eswitch support
      - Netronome/Corigine:
         - add DCB IEEE support
         - support IPsec offloading for NFP3800
      - Freescale/NXP (enetc):
         - support XDP_REDIRECT for XDP non-linear buffers
         - improve reconfig, avoid link flap and waiting for idle
         - support MAC Merge layer
      - Other NICs:
         - sfc/ef100: add basic devlink support for ef100
         - ionic: rx_push mode operation (writing descriptors via MMIO)
         - bnxt: use the auxiliary bus abstraction for RDMA
         - r8169: disable ASPM and reset bus in case of tx timeout
         - cpsw: support QSGMII mode for J721e CPSW9G
         - cpts: support pulse-per-second output
         - ngbe: add an mdio bus driver
         - usbnet: optimize usbnet_bh() by avoiding unnecessary queuing
         - r8152: handle devices with FW with NCM support
         - amd-xgbe: support 10Mbps, 2.5GbE speeds and rx-adaptation
         - virtio-net: support multi buffer XDP
         - virtio/vsock: replace virtio_vsock_pkt with sk_buff
         - tsnep: XDP support

   - Ethernet high-speed switches:
      - nVidia/Mellanox (mlxsw):
         - add support for latency TLV (in FW control messages)
      - Microchip (sparx5):
         - separate explicit and implicit traffic forwarding rules, make
           the implicit rules always active
         - add support for egress DSCP rewrite
         - IS0 VCAP support (Ingress Classification)
         - IS2 VCAP filters (protos, L3 addrs, L4 ports, flags, ToS
           etc.)
         - ES2 VCAP support (Egress Access Control)
         - support for Per-Stream Filtering and Policing (802.1Q,
           8.6.5.1)

   - Ethernet embedded switches:
      - Marvell (mv88e6xxx):
         - add MAB (port auth) offload support
         - enable PTP receive for mv88e6390
      - NXP (ocelot):
         - support MAC Merge layer
         - support for the the vsc7512 internal copper phys
      - Microchip:
         - lan9303: convert to PHYLINK
         - lan966x: support TC flower filter statistics
         - lan937x: PTP support for KSZ9563/KSZ8563 and LAN937x
         - lan937x: support Credit Based Shaper configuration
         - ksz9477: support Energy Efficient Ethernet
      - other:
         - qca8k: convert to regmap read/write API, use bulk operations
         - rswitch: Improve TX timestamp accuracy

   - Intel WiFi (iwlwifi):
      - EHT (Wi-Fi 7) rate reporting
      - STEP equalizer support: transfer some STEP (connection to radio
        on platforms with integrated wifi) related parameters from the
        BIOS to the firmware.

   - Qualcomm 802.11ax WiFi (ath11k):
      - IPQ5018 support
      - Fine Timing Measurement (FTM) responder role support
      - channel 177 support

   - MediaTek WiFi (mt76):
      - per-PHY LED support
      - mt7996: EHT (Wi-Fi 7) support
      - Wireless Ethernet Dispatch (WED) reset support
      - switch to using page pool allocator

   - RealTek WiFi (rtw89):
      - support new version of Bluetooth co-existance

   - Mobile:
      - rmnet: support TX aggregation"

* tag 'net-next-6.3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/net-next: (1872 commits)
  page_pool: add a comment explaining the fragment counter usage
  net: ethtool: fix __ethtool_dev_mm_supported() implementation
  ethtool: pse-pd: Fix double word in comments
  xsk: add linux/vmalloc.h to xsk.c
  sefltests: netdevsim: wait for devlink instance after netns removal
  selftest: fib_tests: Always cleanup before exit
  net/mlx5e: Align IPsec ASO result memory to be as required by hardware
  net/mlx5e: TC, Set CT miss to the specific ct action instance
  net/mlx5e: Rename CHAIN_TO_REG to MAPPED_OBJ_TO_REG
  net/mlx5: Refactor tc miss handling to a single function
  net/mlx5: Kconfig: Make tc offload depend on tc skb extension
  net/sched: flower: Support hardware miss to tc action
  net/sched: flower: Move filter handle initialization earlier
  net/sched: cls_api: Support hardware miss to tc action
  net/sched: Rename user cookie and act cookie
  sfc: fix builds without CONFIG_RTC_LIB
  sfc: clean up some inconsistent indentings
  net/mlx4_en: Introduce flexible array to silence overflow warning
  net: lan966x: Fix possible deadlock inside PTP
  net/ulp: Remove redundant ->clone() test in inet_clone_ulp().
  ...

3 files changed, 402 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/tools/scripts/Makefile.arch b/tools/scripts/Makefile.arch
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0c6c7f456
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/scripts/Makefile.arch
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+HOSTARCH := $(shell uname -m | sed -e s/i.86/x86/ -e s/x86_64/x86/ \
+                                  -e s/sun4u/sparc/ -e s/sparc64/sparc/ \
+                                  -e /arm64/!s/arm.*/arm/ -e s/sa110/arm/ \
+                                  -e s/s390x/s390/ -e s/parisc64/parisc/ \
+                                  -e s/ppc.*/powerpc/ -e s/mips.*/mips/ \
+                                  -e s/sh[234].*/sh/ -e s/aarch64.*/arm64/ \
+                                  -e s/riscv.*/riscv/)
+
+ifndef ARCH
+ARCH := $(HOSTARCH)
+endif
+
+SRCARCH := $(ARCH)
+
+# Additional ARCH settings for x86
+ifeq ($(ARCH),i386)
+        SRCARCH := x86
+endif
+ifeq ($(ARCH),x86_64)
+        SRCARCH := x86
+endif
+
+# Additional ARCH settings for sparc
+ifeq ($(ARCH),sparc32)
+       SRCARCH := sparc
+endif
+ifeq ($(ARCH),sparc64)
+       SRCARCH := sparc
+endif
+
+# Additional ARCH settings for sh
+ifeq ($(ARCH),sh64)
+       SRCARCH := sh
+endif
+
+LP64 := $(shell echo __LP64__ | ${CC} ${CFLAGS} -E -x c - | tail -n 1)
+ifeq ($(LP64), 1)
+  IS_64_BIT := 1
+else
+  IS_64_BIT := 0
+endif
diff --git a/tools/scripts/Makefile.include b/tools/scripts/Makefile.include
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0efb8f2b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/scripts/Makefile.include
@@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+ifneq ($(O),)
+ifeq ($(origin O), command line)
+	dummy := $(if $(shell cd $(PWD); test -d $(O) || echo $(O)),$(error O=$(O) does not exist),)
+	ABSOLUTE_O := $(shell cd $(PWD); cd $(O) ; pwd)
+	OUTPUT := $(ABSOLUTE_O)/$(if $(subdir),$(subdir)/)
+	COMMAND_O := O=$(ABSOLUTE_O)
+ifeq ($(objtree),)
+	objtree := $(O)
+endif
+endif
+endif
+
+# check that the output directory actually exists
+ifneq ($(OUTPUT),)
+OUTDIR := $(shell cd $(OUTPUT) && pwd)
+$(if $(OUTDIR),, $(error output directory "$(OUTPUT)" does not exist))
+endif
+
+#
+# Include saner warnings here, which can catch bugs:
+#
+EXTRA_WARNINGS := -Wbad-function-cast
+EXTRA_WARNINGS += -Wdeclaration-after-statement
+EXTRA_WARNINGS += -Wformat-security
+EXTRA_WARNINGS += -Wformat-y2k
+EXTRA_WARNINGS += -Winit-self
+EXTRA_WARNINGS += -Wmissing-declarations
+EXTRA_WARNINGS += -Wmissing-prototypes
+EXTRA_WARNINGS += -Wnested-externs
+EXTRA_WARNINGS += -Wno-system-headers
+EXTRA_WARNINGS += -Wold-style-definition
+EXTRA_WARNINGS += -Wpacked
+EXTRA_WARNINGS += -Wredundant-decls
+EXTRA_WARNINGS += -Wstrict-prototypes
+EXTRA_WARNINGS += -Wswitch-default
+EXTRA_WARNINGS += -Wswitch-enum
+EXTRA_WARNINGS += -Wundef
+EXTRA_WARNINGS += -Wwrite-strings
+EXTRA_WARNINGS += -Wformat
+EXTRA_WARNINGS += -Wno-type-limits
+
+# Makefiles suck: This macro sets a default value of $(2) for the
+# variable named by $(1), unless the variable has been set by
+# environment or command line. This is necessary for CC and AR
+# because make sets default values, so the simpler ?= approach
+# won't work as expected.
+define allow-override
+  $(if $(or $(findstring environment,$(origin $(1))),\
+            $(findstring command line,$(origin $(1)))),,\
+    $(eval $(1) = $(2)))
+endef
+
+ifneq ($(LLVM),)
+ifneq ($(filter %/,$(LLVM)),)
+LLVM_PREFIX := $(LLVM)
+else ifneq ($(filter -%,$(LLVM)),)
+LLVM_SUFFIX := $(LLVM)
+endif
+
+$(call allow-override,CC,$(LLVM_PREFIX)clang$(LLVM_SUFFIX))
+$(call allow-override,AR,$(LLVM_PREFIX)llvm-ar$(LLVM_SUFFIX))
+$(call allow-override,LD,$(LLVM_PREFIX)ld.lld$(LLVM_SUFFIX))
+$(call allow-override,CXX,$(LLVM_PREFIX)clang++$(LLVM_SUFFIX))
+$(call allow-override,STRIP,$(LLVM_PREFIX)llvm-strip$(LLVM_SUFFIX))
+else
+# Allow setting various cross-compile vars or setting CROSS_COMPILE as a prefix.
+$(call allow-override,CC,$(CROSS_COMPILE)gcc)
+$(call allow-override,AR,$(CROSS_COMPILE)ar)
+$(call allow-override,LD,$(CROSS_COMPILE)ld)
+$(call allow-override,CXX,$(CROSS_COMPILE)g++)
+$(call allow-override,STRIP,$(CROSS_COMPILE)strip)
+endif
+
+CC_NO_CLANG := $(shell $(CC) -dM -E -x c /dev/null | grep -Fq "__clang__"; echo $$?)
+
+ifneq ($(LLVM),)
+HOSTAR  ?= $(LLVM_PREFIX)llvm-ar$(LLVM_SUFFIX)
+HOSTCC  ?= $(LLVM_PREFIX)clang$(LLVM_SUFFIX)
+HOSTLD  ?= $(LLVM_PREFIX)ld.lld$(LLVM_SUFFIX)
+else
+HOSTAR  ?= ar
+HOSTCC  ?= gcc
+HOSTLD  ?= ld
+endif
+
+# Some tools require Clang, LLC and/or LLVM utils
+CLANG		?= clang
+LLC		?= llc
+LLVM_CONFIG	?= llvm-config
+LLVM_OBJCOPY	?= llvm-objcopy
+LLVM_STRIP	?= llvm-strip
+
+ifeq ($(CC_NO_CLANG), 1)
+EXTRA_WARNINGS += -Wstrict-aliasing=3
+
+else ifneq ($(CROSS_COMPILE),)
+# Allow userspace to override CLANG_CROSS_FLAGS to specify their own
+# sysroots and flags or to avoid the GCC call in pure Clang builds.
+ifeq ($(CLANG_CROSS_FLAGS),)
+CLANG_CROSS_FLAGS := --target=$(notdir $(CROSS_COMPILE:%-=%))
+GCC_TOOLCHAIN_DIR := $(dir $(shell which $(CROSS_COMPILE)gcc 2>/dev/null))
+ifneq ($(GCC_TOOLCHAIN_DIR),)
+CLANG_CROSS_FLAGS += --prefix=$(GCC_TOOLCHAIN_DIR)$(notdir $(CROSS_COMPILE))
+CLANG_CROSS_FLAGS += --sysroot=$(shell $(CROSS_COMPILE)gcc -print-sysroot)
+CLANG_CROSS_FLAGS += --gcc-toolchain=$(realpath $(GCC_TOOLCHAIN_DIR)/..)
+endif # GCC_TOOLCHAIN_DIR
+endif # CLANG_CROSS_FLAGS
+CFLAGS += $(CLANG_CROSS_FLAGS)
+AFLAGS += $(CLANG_CROSS_FLAGS)
+endif # CROSS_COMPILE
+
+# Hack to avoid type-punned warnings on old systems such as RHEL5:
+# We should be changing CFLAGS and checking gcc version, but this
+# will do for now and keep the above -Wstrict-aliasing=3 in place
+# in newer systems.
+# Needed for the __raw_cmpxchg in tools/arch/x86/include/asm/cmpxchg.h
+#
+# See https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/9a8748490611281710g78402fbeh8ff7fcc162dbcbca@mail.gmail.com/
+# and https://gcc.gnu.org/gcc-4.8/changes.html,
+# that takes into account Linus's comments (search for Wshadow) for the reasoning about
+# -Wshadow not being interesting before gcc 4.8.
+
+ifneq ($(filter 3.%,$(MAKE_VERSION)),)  # make-3
+EXTRA_WARNINGS += -fno-strict-aliasing
+EXTRA_WARNINGS += -Wno-shadow
+else
+EXTRA_WARNINGS += -Wshadow
+endif
+
+ifneq ($(findstring $(MAKEFLAGS), w),w)
+PRINT_DIR = --no-print-directory
+else
+NO_SUBDIR = :
+endif
+
+ifneq ($(findstring s,$(filter-out --%,$(MAKEFLAGS))),)
+  silent=1
+endif
+
+#
+# Define a callable command for descending to a new directory
+#
+# Call by doing: $(call descend,directory[,target])
+#
+descend = \
+	+mkdir -p $(OUTPUT)$(1) && \
+	$(MAKE) $(COMMAND_O) subdir=$(if $(subdir),$(subdir)/$(1),$(1)) $(PRINT_DIR) -C $(1) $(2)
+
+QUIET_SUBDIR0  = +$(MAKE) $(COMMAND_O) -C # space to separate -C and subdir
+QUIET_SUBDIR1  =
+
+ifneq ($(silent),1)
+  ifneq ($(V),1)
+	QUIET_CC       = @echo '  CC      '$@;
+	QUIET_CC_FPIC  = @echo '  CC FPIC '$@;
+	QUIET_CLANG    = @echo '  CLANG   '$@;
+	QUIET_AR       = @echo '  AR      '$@;
+	QUIET_LINK     = @echo '  LINK    '$@;
+	QUIET_MKDIR    = @echo '  MKDIR   '$@;
+	QUIET_GEN      = @echo '  GEN     '$@;
+	QUIET_SUBDIR0  = +@subdir=
+	QUIET_SUBDIR1  = ;$(NO_SUBDIR) \
+			  echo '  SUBDIR  '$$subdir; \
+			 $(MAKE) $(PRINT_DIR) -C $$subdir
+	QUIET_FLEX     = @echo '  FLEX    '$@;
+	QUIET_BISON    = @echo '  BISON   '$@;
+	QUIET_GENSKEL  = @echo '  GENSKEL '$@;
+
+	descend = \
+		+@echo	       '  DESCEND '$(1); \
+		mkdir -p $(OUTPUT)$(1) && \
+		$(MAKE) $(COMMAND_O) subdir=$(if $(subdir),$(subdir)/$(1),$(1)) $(PRINT_DIR) -C $(1) $(2)
+
+	QUIET_CLEAN    = @printf '  CLEAN   %s\n' $1;
+	QUIET_INSTALL  = @printf '  INSTALL %s\n' $1;
+	QUIET_UNINST   = @printf '  UNINST  %s\n' $1;
+  endif
+endif
+
+pound := \#
diff --git a/tools/scripts/utilities.mak b/tools/scripts/utilities.mak
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..172e47273
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/scripts/utilities.mak
@@ -0,0 +1,179 @@
+# This allows us to work with the newline character:
+define newline
+
+
+endef
+newline := $(newline)
+
+# nl-escape
+#
+# Usage: escape = $(call nl-escape[,escape])
+#
+# This is used as the common way to specify
+# what should replace a newline when escaping
+# newlines; the default is a bizarre string.
+#
+nl-escape = $(if $(1),$(1),m822df3020w6a44id34bt574ctac44eb9f4n)
+
+# escape-nl
+#
+# Usage: escaped-text = $(call escape-nl,text[,escape])
+#
+# GNU make's $(shell ...) function converts to a
+# single space each newline character in the output
+# produced during the expansion; this may not be
+# desirable.
+#
+# The only solution is to change each newline into
+# something that won't be converted, so that the
+# information can be recovered later with
+# $(call unescape-nl...)
+#
+escape-nl = $(subst $(newline),$(call nl-escape,$(2)),$(1))
+
+# unescape-nl
+#
+# Usage: text = $(call unescape-nl,escaped-text[,escape])
+#
+# See escape-nl.
+#
+unescape-nl = $(subst $(call nl-escape,$(2)),$(newline),$(1))
+
+# shell-escape-nl
+#
+# Usage: $(shell some-command | $(call shell-escape-nl[,escape]))
+#
+# Use this to escape newlines from within a shell call;
+# the default escape is a bizarre string.
+#
+# NOTE: The escape is used directly as a string constant
+#       in an `awk' program that is delimited by shell
+#       single-quotes, so be wary of the characters
+#       that are chosen.
+#
+define shell-escape-nl
+awk 'NR==1 {t=$$0} NR>1 {t=t "$(nl-escape)" $$0} END {printf t}'
+endef
+
+# shell-unescape-nl
+#
+# Usage: $(shell some-command | $(call shell-unescape-nl[,escape]))
+#
+# Use this to unescape newlines from within a shell call;
+# the default escape is a bizarre string.
+#
+# NOTE: The escape is used directly as an extended regular
+#       expression constant in an `awk' program that is
+#       delimited by shell single-quotes, so be wary
+#       of the characters that are chosen.
+#
+# (The bash shell has a bug where `{gsub(...),...}' is
+#  misinterpreted as a brace expansion; this can be
+#  overcome by putting a space between `{' and `gsub').
+#
+define shell-unescape-nl
+awk 'NR==1 {t=$$0} NR>1 {t=t "\n" $$0} END { gsub(/$(nl-escape)/,"\n",t); printf t }'
+endef
+
+# escape-for-shell-sq
+#
+# Usage: embeddable-text = $(call escape-for-shell-sq,text)
+#
+# This function produces text that is suitable for
+# embedding in a shell string that is delimited by
+# single-quotes.
+#
+escape-for-shell-sq =  $(subst ','\'',$(1))
+
+# shell-sq
+#
+# Usage: single-quoted-and-escaped-text = $(call shell-sq,text)
+#
+shell-sq = '$(escape-for-shell-sq)'
+
+# shell-wordify
+#
+# Usage: wordified-text = $(call shell-wordify,text)
+#
+# For instance:
+#
+#  |define text
+#  |hello
+#  |world
+#  |endef
+#  |
+#  |target:
+#  |	echo $(call shell-wordify,$(text))
+#
+# At least GNU make gets confused by expanding a newline
+# within the context of a command line of a makefile rule
+# (this is in constrast to a `$(shell ...)' function call,
+# which can handle it just fine).
+#
+# This function avoids the problem by producing a string
+# that works as a shell word, regardless of whether or
+# not it contains a newline.
+#
+# If the text to be wordified contains a newline, then
+# an intrictate shell command substitution is constructed
+# to render the text as a single line; when the shell
+# processes the resulting escaped text, it transforms
+# it into the original unescaped text.
+#
+# If the text does not contain a newline, then this function
+# produces the same results as the `$(shell-sq)' function.
+#
+shell-wordify = $(if $(findstring $(newline),$(1)),$(_sw-esc-nl),$(shell-sq))
+define _sw-esc-nl
+"$$(echo $(call escape-nl,$(shell-sq),$(2)) | $(call shell-unescape-nl,$(2)))"
+endef
+
+# is-absolute
+#
+# Usage: bool-value = $(call is-absolute,path)
+#
+is-absolute = $(shell echo $(shell-sq) | grep -q ^/ && echo y)
+
+# lookup
+#
+# Usage: absolute-executable-path-or-empty = $(call lookup,path)
+#
+# (It's necessary to use `sh -c' because GNU make messes up by
+#  trying too hard and getting things wrong).
+#
+lookup = $(call unescape-nl,$(shell sh -c $(_l-sh)))
+_l-sh = $(call shell-sq,command -v $(shell-sq) | $(call shell-escape-nl,))
+
+# is-executable
+#
+# Usage: bool-value = $(call is-executable,path)
+#
+# (It's necessary to use `sh -c' because GNU make messes up by
+#  trying too hard and getting things wrong).
+#
+is-executable = $(call _is-executable-helper,$(shell-sq))
+_is-executable-helper = $(shell sh -c $(_is-executable-sh))
+_is-executable-sh = $(call shell-sq,test -f $(1) -a -x $(1) && echo y)
+
+# get-executable
+#
+# Usage: absolute-executable-path-or-empty = $(call get-executable,path)
+#
+# The goal is to get an absolute path for an executable;
+# the `command -v' is defined by POSIX, but it's not
+# necessarily very portable, so it's only used if
+# relative path resolution is requested, as determined
+# by the presence of a leading `/'.
+#
+get-executable = $(if $(1),$(if $(is-absolute),$(_ge-abspath),$(lookup)))
+_ge-abspath = $(if $(is-executable),$(1))
+
+# get-supplied-or-default-executable
+#
+# Usage: absolute-executable-path-or-empty = $(call get-executable-or-default,variable,default)
+#
+define get-executable-or-default
+$(if $($(1)),$(call _ge_attempt,$($(1)),$(1)),$(call _ge_attempt,$(2)))
+endef
+_ge_attempt = $(or $(get-executable),$(call _gea_err,$(2)))
+_gea_err  = $(if $(1),$(error Please set '$(1)' appropriately))