Merge tag 'net-next-6.3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/net-nextgrafted

Pull networking updates from Jakub Kicinski:
 "Core:

   - Add dedicated kmem_cache for typical/small skb->head, avoid having
     to access struct page at kfree time, and improve memory use.

   - Introduce sysctl to set default RPS configuration for new netdevs.

   - Define Netlink protocol specification format which can be used to
     describe messages used by each family and auto-generate parsers.
     Add tools for generating kernel data structures and uAPI headers.

   - Expose all net/core sysctls inside netns.

   - Remove 4s sleep in netpoll if carrier is instantly detected on
     boot.

   - Add configurable limit of MDB entries per port, and port-vlan.

   - Continue populating drop reasons throughout the stack.

   - Retire a handful of legacy Qdiscs and classifiers.

  Protocols:

   - Support IPv4 big TCP (TSO frames larger than 64kB).

   - Add IP_LOCAL_PORT_RANGE socket option, to control local port range
     on socket by socket basis.

   - Track and report in procfs number of MPTCP sockets used.

   - Support mixing IPv4 and IPv6 flows in the in-kernel MPTCP path
     manager.

   - IPv6: don't check net.ipv6.route.max_size and rely on garbage
     collection to free memory (similarly to IPv4).

   - Support Penultimate Segment Pop (PSP) flavor in SRv6 (RFC8986).

   - ICMP: add per-rate limit counters.

   - Add support for user scanning requests in ieee802154.

   - Remove static WEP support.

   - Support minimal Wi-Fi 7 Extremely High Throughput (EHT) rate
     reporting.

   - WiFi 7 EHT channel puncturing support (client & AP).

  BPF:

   - Add a rbtree data structure following the "next-gen data structure"
     precedent set by recently added linked list, that is, by using
     kfunc + kptr instead of adding a new BPF map type.

   - Expose XDP hints via kfuncs with initial support for RX hash and
     timestamp metadata.

   - Add BPF_F_NO_TUNNEL_KEY extension to bpf_skb_set_tunnel_key to
     better support decap on GRE tunnel devices not operating in collect
     metadata.

   - Improve x86 JIT's codegen for PROBE_MEM runtime error checks.

   - Remove the need for trace_printk_lock for bpf_trace_printk and
     bpf_trace_vprintk helpers.

   - Extend libbpf's bpf_tracing.h support for tracing arguments of
     kprobes/uprobes and syscall as a special case.

   - Significantly reduce the search time for module symbols by
     livepatch and BPF.

   - Enable cpumasks to be used as kptrs, which is useful for tracing
     programs tracking which tasks end up running on which CPUs in
     different time intervals.

   - Add support for BPF trampoline on s390x and riscv64.

   - Add capability to export the XDP features supported by the NIC.

   - Add __bpf_kfunc tag for marking kernel functions as kfuncs.

   - Add cgroup.memory=nobpf kernel parameter option to disable BPF
     memory accounting for container environments.

  Netfilter:

   - Remove the CLUSTERIP target. It has been marked as obsolete for
     years, and we still have WARN splats wrt races of the out-of-band
     /proc interface installed by this target.

   - Add 'destroy' commands to nf_tables. They are identical to the
     existing 'delete' commands, but do not return an error if the
     referenced object (set, chain, rule...) did not exist.

  Driver API:

   - Improve cpumask_local_spread() locality to help NICs set the right
     IRQ affinity on AMD platforms.

   - Separate C22 and C45 MDIO bus transactions more clearly.

   - Introduce new DCB table to control DSCP rewrite on egress.

   - Support configuration of Physical Layer Collision Avoidance (PLCA)
     Reconciliation Sublayer (RS) (802.3cg-2019). Modern version of
     shared medium Ethernet.

   - Support for MAC Merge layer (IEEE 802.3-2018 clause 99). Allowing
     preemption of low priority frames by high priority frames.

   - Add support for controlling MACSec offload using netlink SET.

   - Rework devlink instance refcounts to allow registration and
     de-registration under the instance lock. Split the code into
     multiple files, drop some of the unnecessarily granular locks and
     factor out common parts of netlink operation handling.

   - Add TX frame aggregation parameters (for USB drivers).

   - Add a new attr TCA_EXT_WARN_MSG to report TC (offload) warning
     messages with notifications for debug.

   - Allow offloading of UDP NEW connections via act_ct.

   - Add support for per action HW stats in TC.

   - Support hardware miss to TC action (continue processing in SW from
     a specific point in the action chain).

   - Warn if old Wireless Extension user space interface is used with
     modern cfg80211/mac80211 drivers. Do not support Wireless
     Extensions for Wi-Fi 7 devices at all. Everyone should switch to
     using nl80211 interface instead.

   - Improve the CAN bit timing configuration. Use extack to return
     error messages directly to user space, update the SJW handling,
     including the definition of a new default value that will benefit
     CAN-FD controllers, by increasing their oscillator tolerance.

  New hardware / drivers:

   - Ethernet:
      - nVidia BlueField-3 support (control traffic driver)
      - Ethernet support for imx93 SoCs
      - Motorcomm yt8531 gigabit Ethernet PHY
      - onsemi NCN26000 10BASE-T1S PHY (with support for PLCA)
      - Microchip LAN8841 PHY (incl. cable diagnostics and PTP)
      - Amlogic gxl MDIO mux

   - WiFi:
      - RealTek RTL8188EU (rtl8xxxu)
      - Qualcomm Wi-Fi 7 devices (ath12k)

   - CAN:
      - Renesas R-Car V4H

  Drivers:

   - Bluetooth:
      - Set Per Platform Antenna Gain (PPAG) for Intel controllers.

   - Ethernet NICs:
      - Intel (1G, igc):
         - support TSN / Qbv / packet scheduling features of i226 model
      - Intel (100G, ice):
         - use GNSS subsystem instead of TTY
         - multi-buffer XDP support
         - extend support for GPIO pins to E823 devices
      - nVidia/Mellanox:
         - update the shared buffer configuration on PFC commands
         - implement PTP adjphase function for HW offset control
         - TC support for Geneve and GRE with VF tunnel offload
         - more efficient crypto key management method
         - multi-port eswitch support
      - Netronome/Corigine:
         - add DCB IEEE support
         - support IPsec offloading for NFP3800
      - Freescale/NXP (enetc):
         - support XDP_REDIRECT for XDP non-linear buffers
         - improve reconfig, avoid link flap and waiting for idle
         - support MAC Merge layer
      - Other NICs:
         - sfc/ef100: add basic devlink support for ef100
         - ionic: rx_push mode operation (writing descriptors via MMIO)
         - bnxt: use the auxiliary bus abstraction for RDMA
         - r8169: disable ASPM and reset bus in case of tx timeout
         - cpsw: support QSGMII mode for J721e CPSW9G
         - cpts: support pulse-per-second output
         - ngbe: add an mdio bus driver
         - usbnet: optimize usbnet_bh() by avoiding unnecessary queuing
         - r8152: handle devices with FW with NCM support
         - amd-xgbe: support 10Mbps, 2.5GbE speeds and rx-adaptation
         - virtio-net: support multi buffer XDP
         - virtio/vsock: replace virtio_vsock_pkt with sk_buff
         - tsnep: XDP support

   - Ethernet high-speed switches:
      - nVidia/Mellanox (mlxsw):
         - add support for latency TLV (in FW control messages)
      - Microchip (sparx5):
         - separate explicit and implicit traffic forwarding rules, make
           the implicit rules always active
         - add support for egress DSCP rewrite
         - IS0 VCAP support (Ingress Classification)
         - IS2 VCAP filters (protos, L3 addrs, L4 ports, flags, ToS
           etc.)
         - ES2 VCAP support (Egress Access Control)
         - support for Per-Stream Filtering and Policing (802.1Q,
           8.6.5.1)

   - Ethernet embedded switches:
      - Marvell (mv88e6xxx):
         - add MAB (port auth) offload support
         - enable PTP receive for mv88e6390
      - NXP (ocelot):
         - support MAC Merge layer
         - support for the the vsc7512 internal copper phys
      - Microchip:
         - lan9303: convert to PHYLINK
         - lan966x: support TC flower filter statistics
         - lan937x: PTP support for KSZ9563/KSZ8563 and LAN937x
         - lan937x: support Credit Based Shaper configuration
         - ksz9477: support Energy Efficient Ethernet
      - other:
         - qca8k: convert to regmap read/write API, use bulk operations
         - rswitch: Improve TX timestamp accuracy

   - Intel WiFi (iwlwifi):
      - EHT (Wi-Fi 7) rate reporting
      - STEP equalizer support: transfer some STEP (connection to radio
        on platforms with integrated wifi) related parameters from the
        BIOS to the firmware.

   - Qualcomm 802.11ax WiFi (ath11k):
      - IPQ5018 support
      - Fine Timing Measurement (FTM) responder role support
      - channel 177 support

   - MediaTek WiFi (mt76):
      - per-PHY LED support
      - mt7996: EHT (Wi-Fi 7) support
      - Wireless Ethernet Dispatch (WED) reset support
      - switch to using page pool allocator

   - RealTek WiFi (rtw89):
      - support new version of Bluetooth co-existance

   - Mobile:
      - rmnet: support TX aggregation"

* tag 'net-next-6.3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/net-next: (1872 commits)
  page_pool: add a comment explaining the fragment counter usage
  net: ethtool: fix __ethtool_dev_mm_supported() implementation
  ethtool: pse-pd: Fix double word in comments
  xsk: add linux/vmalloc.h to xsk.c
  sefltests: netdevsim: wait for devlink instance after netns removal
  selftest: fib_tests: Always cleanup before exit
  net/mlx5e: Align IPsec ASO result memory to be as required by hardware
  net/mlx5e: TC, Set CT miss to the specific ct action instance
  net/mlx5e: Rename CHAIN_TO_REG to MAPPED_OBJ_TO_REG
  net/mlx5: Refactor tc miss handling to a single function
  net/mlx5: Kconfig: Make tc offload depend on tc skb extension
  net/sched: flower: Support hardware miss to tc action
  net/sched: flower: Move filter handle initialization earlier
  net/sched: cls_api: Support hardware miss to tc action
  net/sched: Rename user cookie and act cookie
  sfc: fix builds without CONFIG_RTC_LIB
  sfc: clean up some inconsistent indentings
  net/mlx4_en: Introduce flexible array to silence overflow warning
  net: lan966x: Fix possible deadlock inside PTP
  net/ulp: Remove redundant ->clone() test in inet_clone_ulp().
  ...

1 files changed, 1065 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/alsa/mixer-test.c b/tools/testing/selftests/alsa/mixer-test.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..05f1749ae
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/alsa/mixer-test.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1065 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+//
+// kselftest for the ALSA mixer API
+//
+// Original author: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
+// Copyright (c) 2021-2 Arm Limited
+
+// This test will iterate over all cards detected in the system, exercising
+// every mixer control it can find.  This may conflict with other system
+// software if there is audio activity so is best run on a system with a
+// minimal active userspace.
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <getopt.h>
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <math.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <alsa/asoundlib.h>
+#include <poll.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+#include "../kselftest.h"
+#include "alsa-local.h"
+
+#define TESTS_PER_CONTROL 7
+
+struct card_data {
+	snd_ctl_t *handle;
+	int card;
+	struct pollfd pollfd;
+	int num_ctls;
+	snd_ctl_elem_list_t *ctls;
+	struct card_data *next;
+};
+
+struct ctl_data {
+	const char *name;
+	snd_ctl_elem_id_t *id;
+	snd_ctl_elem_info_t *info;
+	snd_ctl_elem_value_t *def_val;
+	int elem;
+	int event_missing;
+	int event_spurious;
+	struct card_data *card;
+	struct ctl_data *next;
+};
+
+int num_cards = 0;
+int num_controls = 0;
+struct card_data *card_list = NULL;
+struct ctl_data *ctl_list = NULL;
+
+static void find_controls(void)
+{
+	char name[32];
+	int card, ctl, err;
+	struct card_data *card_data;
+	struct ctl_data *ctl_data;
+	snd_config_t *config;
+
+	card = -1;
+	if (snd_card_next(&card) < 0 || card < 0)
+		return;
+
+	config = get_alsalib_config();
+
+	while (card >= 0) {
+		sprintf(name, "hw:%d", card);
+
+		card_data = malloc(sizeof(*card_data));
+		if (!card_data)
+			ksft_exit_fail_msg("Out of memory\n");
+
+		err = snd_ctl_open_lconf(&card_data->handle, name, 0, config);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			ksft_print_msg("Failed to get hctl for card %d: %s\n",
+				       card, snd_strerror(err));
+			goto next_card;
+		}
+
+		/* Count controls */
+		snd_ctl_elem_list_malloc(&card_data->ctls);
+		snd_ctl_elem_list(card_data->handle, card_data->ctls);
+		card_data->num_ctls = snd_ctl_elem_list_get_count(card_data->ctls);
+
+		/* Enumerate control information */
+		snd_ctl_elem_list_alloc_space(card_data->ctls, card_data->num_ctls);
+		snd_ctl_elem_list(card_data->handle, card_data->ctls);
+
+		card_data->card = num_cards++;
+		card_data->next = card_list;
+		card_list = card_data;
+
+		num_controls += card_data->num_ctls;
+
+		for (ctl = 0; ctl < card_data->num_ctls; ctl++) {
+			ctl_data = malloc(sizeof(*ctl_data));
+			if (!ctl_data)
+				ksft_exit_fail_msg("Out of memory\n");
+
+			memset(ctl_data, 0, sizeof(*ctl_data));
+			ctl_data->card = card_data;
+			ctl_data->elem = ctl;
+			ctl_data->name = snd_ctl_elem_list_get_name(card_data->ctls,
+								    ctl);
+
+			err = snd_ctl_elem_id_malloc(&ctl_data->id);
+			if (err < 0)
+				ksft_exit_fail_msg("Out of memory\n");
+
+			err = snd_ctl_elem_info_malloc(&ctl_data->info);
+			if (err < 0)
+				ksft_exit_fail_msg("Out of memory\n");
+
+			err = snd_ctl_elem_value_malloc(&ctl_data->def_val);
+			if (err < 0)
+				ksft_exit_fail_msg("Out of memory\n");
+
+			snd_ctl_elem_list_get_id(card_data->ctls, ctl,
+						 ctl_data->id);
+			snd_ctl_elem_info_set_id(ctl_data->info, ctl_data->id);
+			err = snd_ctl_elem_info(card_data->handle,
+						ctl_data->info);
+			if (err < 0) {
+				ksft_print_msg("%s getting info for %d\n",
+					       snd_strerror(err),
+					       ctl_data->name);
+			}
+
+			snd_ctl_elem_value_set_id(ctl_data->def_val,
+						  ctl_data->id);
+
+			ctl_data->next = ctl_list;
+			ctl_list = ctl_data;
+		}
+
+		/* Set up for events */
+		err = snd_ctl_subscribe_events(card_data->handle, true);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			ksft_exit_fail_msg("snd_ctl_subscribe_events() failed for card %d: %d\n",
+					   card, err);
+		}
+
+		err = snd_ctl_poll_descriptors_count(card_data->handle);
+		if (err != 1) {
+			ksft_exit_fail_msg("Unexpected descriptor count %d for card %d\n",
+					   err, card);
+		}
+
+		err = snd_ctl_poll_descriptors(card_data->handle,
+					       &card_data->pollfd, 1);
+		if (err != 1) {
+			ksft_exit_fail_msg("snd_ctl_poll_descriptors() failed for %d\n",
+				       card, err);
+		}
+
+	next_card:
+		if (snd_card_next(&card) < 0) {
+			ksft_print_msg("snd_card_next");
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	snd_config_delete(config);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Block for up to timeout ms for an event, returns a negative value
+ * on error, 0 for no event and 1 for an event.
+ */
+static int wait_for_event(struct ctl_data *ctl, int timeout)
+{
+	unsigned short revents;
+	snd_ctl_event_t *event;
+	int count, err;
+	unsigned int mask = 0;
+	unsigned int ev_id;
+
+	snd_ctl_event_alloca(&event);
+
+	do {
+		err = poll(&(ctl->card->pollfd), 1, timeout);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			ksft_print_msg("poll() failed for %s: %s (%d)\n",
+				       ctl->name, strerror(errno), errno);
+			return -1;
+		}
+		/* Timeout */
+		if (err == 0)
+			return 0;
+
+		err = snd_ctl_poll_descriptors_revents(ctl->card->handle,
+						       &(ctl->card->pollfd),
+						       1, &revents);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			ksft_print_msg("snd_ctl_poll_descriptors_revents() failed for %s: %d\n",
+				       ctl->name, err);
+			return err;
+		}
+		if (revents & POLLERR) {
+			ksft_print_msg("snd_ctl_poll_descriptors_revents() reported POLLERR for %s\n",
+				       ctl->name);
+			return -1;
+		}
+		/* No read events */
+		if (!(revents & POLLIN)) {
+			ksft_print_msg("No POLLIN\n");
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		err = snd_ctl_read(ctl->card->handle, event);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			ksft_print_msg("snd_ctl_read() failed for %s: %d\n",
+			       ctl->name, err);
+			return err;
+		}
+
+		if (snd_ctl_event_get_type(event) != SND_CTL_EVENT_ELEM)
+			continue;
+
+		/* The ID returned from the event is 1 less than numid */
+		mask = snd_ctl_event_elem_get_mask(event);
+		ev_id = snd_ctl_event_elem_get_numid(event);
+		if (ev_id != snd_ctl_elem_info_get_numid(ctl->info)) {
+			ksft_print_msg("Event for unexpected ctl %s\n",
+				       snd_ctl_event_elem_get_name(event));
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if ((mask & SND_CTL_EVENT_MASK_REMOVE) == SND_CTL_EVENT_MASK_REMOVE) {
+			ksft_print_msg("Removal event for %s\n",
+				       ctl->name);
+			return -1;
+		}
+	} while ((mask & SND_CTL_EVENT_MASK_VALUE) != SND_CTL_EVENT_MASK_VALUE);
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static bool ctl_value_index_valid(struct ctl_data *ctl,
+				  snd_ctl_elem_value_t *val,
+				  int index)
+{
+	long int_val;
+	long long int64_val;
+
+	switch (snd_ctl_elem_info_get_type(ctl->info)) {
+	case SND_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_NONE:
+		ksft_print_msg("%s.%d Invalid control type NONE\n",
+			       ctl->name, index);
+		return false;
+
+	case SND_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_BOOLEAN:
+		int_val = snd_ctl_elem_value_get_boolean(val, index);
+		switch (int_val) {
+		case 0:
+		case 1:
+			break;
+		default:
+			ksft_print_msg("%s.%d Invalid boolean value %ld\n",
+				       ctl->name, index, int_val);
+			return false;
+		}
+		break;
+
+	case SND_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER:
+		int_val = snd_ctl_elem_value_get_integer(val, index);
+
+		if (int_val < snd_ctl_elem_info_get_min(ctl->info)) {
+			ksft_print_msg("%s.%d value %ld less than minimum %ld\n",
+				       ctl->name, index, int_val,
+				       snd_ctl_elem_info_get_min(ctl->info));
+			return false;
+		}
+
+		if (int_val > snd_ctl_elem_info_get_max(ctl->info)) {
+			ksft_print_msg("%s.%d value %ld more than maximum %ld\n",
+				       ctl->name, index, int_val,
+				       snd_ctl_elem_info_get_max(ctl->info));
+			return false;
+		}
+
+		/* Only check step size if there is one and we're in bounds */
+		if (snd_ctl_elem_info_get_step(ctl->info) &&
+		    (int_val - snd_ctl_elem_info_get_min(ctl->info) %
+		     snd_ctl_elem_info_get_step(ctl->info))) {
+			ksft_print_msg("%s.%d value %ld invalid for step %ld minimum %ld\n",
+				       ctl->name, index, int_val,
+				       snd_ctl_elem_info_get_step(ctl->info),
+				       snd_ctl_elem_info_get_min(ctl->info));
+			return false;
+		}
+		break;
+
+	case SND_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER64:
+		int64_val = snd_ctl_elem_value_get_integer64(val, index);
+
+		if (int64_val < snd_ctl_elem_info_get_min64(ctl->info)) {
+			ksft_print_msg("%s.%d value %lld less than minimum %lld\n",
+				       ctl->name, index, int64_val,
+				       snd_ctl_elem_info_get_min64(ctl->info));
+			return false;
+		}
+
+		if (int64_val > snd_ctl_elem_info_get_max64(ctl->info)) {
+			ksft_print_msg("%s.%d value %lld more than maximum %lld\n",
+				       ctl->name, index, int64_val,
+				       snd_ctl_elem_info_get_max(ctl->info));
+			return false;
+		}
+
+		/* Only check step size if there is one and we're in bounds */
+		if (snd_ctl_elem_info_get_step64(ctl->info) &&
+		    (int64_val - snd_ctl_elem_info_get_min64(ctl->info)) %
+		    snd_ctl_elem_info_get_step64(ctl->info)) {
+			ksft_print_msg("%s.%d value %lld invalid for step %lld minimum %lld\n",
+				       ctl->name, index, int64_val,
+				       snd_ctl_elem_info_get_step64(ctl->info),
+				       snd_ctl_elem_info_get_min64(ctl->info));
+			return false;
+		}
+		break;
+
+	case SND_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_ENUMERATED:
+		int_val = snd_ctl_elem_value_get_enumerated(val, index);
+
+		if (int_val < 0) {
+			ksft_print_msg("%s.%d negative value %ld for enumeration\n",
+				       ctl->name, index, int_val);
+			return false;
+		}
+
+		if (int_val >= snd_ctl_elem_info_get_items(ctl->info)) {
+			ksft_print_msg("%s.%d value %ld more than item count %ld\n",
+				       ctl->name, index, int_val,
+				       snd_ctl_elem_info_get_items(ctl->info));
+			return false;
+		}
+		break;
+
+	default:
+		/* No tests for other types */
+		break;
+	}
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Check that the provided value meets the constraints for the
+ * provided control.
+ */
+static bool ctl_value_valid(struct ctl_data *ctl, snd_ctl_elem_value_t *val)
+{
+	int i;
+	bool valid = true;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < snd_ctl_elem_info_get_count(ctl->info); i++)
+		if (!ctl_value_index_valid(ctl, val, i))
+			valid = false;
+
+	return valid;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Check that we can read the default value and it is valid. Write
+ * tests use the read value to restore the default.
+ */
+static void test_ctl_get_value(struct ctl_data *ctl)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	/* If the control is turned off let's be polite */
+	if (snd_ctl_elem_info_is_inactive(ctl->info)) {
+		ksft_print_msg("%s is inactive\n", ctl->name);
+		ksft_test_result_skip("get_value.%d.%d\n",
+				      ctl->card->card, ctl->elem);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	/* Can't test reading on an unreadable control */
+	if (!snd_ctl_elem_info_is_readable(ctl->info)) {
+		ksft_print_msg("%s is not readable\n", ctl->name);
+		ksft_test_result_skip("get_value.%d.%d\n",
+				      ctl->card->card, ctl->elem);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	err = snd_ctl_elem_read(ctl->card->handle, ctl->def_val);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		ksft_print_msg("snd_ctl_elem_read() failed: %s\n",
+			       snd_strerror(err));
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (!ctl_value_valid(ctl, ctl->def_val))
+		err = -EINVAL;
+
+out:
+	ksft_test_result(err >= 0, "get_value.%d.%d\n",
+			 ctl->card->card, ctl->elem);
+}
+
+static bool strend(const char *haystack, const char *needle)
+{
+	size_t haystack_len = strlen(haystack);
+	size_t needle_len = strlen(needle);
+
+	if (needle_len > haystack_len)
+		return false;
+	return strcmp(haystack + haystack_len - needle_len, needle) == 0;
+}
+
+static void test_ctl_name(struct ctl_data *ctl)
+{
+	bool name_ok = true;
+	bool check;
+
+	/* Only boolean controls should end in Switch */
+	if (strend(ctl->name, " Switch")) {
+		if (snd_ctl_elem_info_get_type(ctl->info) != SND_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_BOOLEAN) {
+			ksft_print_msg("%d.%d %s ends in Switch but is not boolean\n",
+				       ctl->card->card, ctl->elem, ctl->name);
+			name_ok = false;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* Writeable boolean controls should end in Switch */
+	if (snd_ctl_elem_info_get_type(ctl->info) == SND_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_BOOLEAN &&
+	    snd_ctl_elem_info_is_writable(ctl->info)) {
+		if (!strend(ctl->name, " Switch")) {
+			ksft_print_msg("%d.%d %s is a writeable boolean but not a Switch\n",
+				       ctl->card->card, ctl->elem, ctl->name);
+			name_ok = false;
+		}
+	}
+
+	ksft_test_result(name_ok, "name.%d.%d\n",
+			 ctl->card->card, ctl->elem);
+}
+
+static bool show_mismatch(struct ctl_data *ctl, int index,
+			  snd_ctl_elem_value_t *read_val,
+			  snd_ctl_elem_value_t *expected_val)
+{
+	long long expected_int, read_int;
+
+	/*
+	 * We factor out the code to compare values representable as
+	 * integers, ensure that check doesn't log otherwise.
+	 */
+	expected_int = 0;
+	read_int = 0;
+
+	switch (snd_ctl_elem_info_get_type(ctl->info)) {
+	case SND_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_BOOLEAN:
+		expected_int = snd_ctl_elem_value_get_boolean(expected_val,
+							      index);
+		read_int = snd_ctl_elem_value_get_boolean(read_val, index);
+		break;
+
+	case SND_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER:
+		expected_int = snd_ctl_elem_value_get_integer(expected_val,
+							      index);
+		read_int = snd_ctl_elem_value_get_integer(read_val, index);
+		break;
+
+	case SND_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER64:
+		expected_int = snd_ctl_elem_value_get_integer64(expected_val,
+								index);
+		read_int = snd_ctl_elem_value_get_integer64(read_val,
+							    index);
+		break;
+
+	case SND_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_ENUMERATED:
+		expected_int = snd_ctl_elem_value_get_enumerated(expected_val,
+								 index);
+		read_int = snd_ctl_elem_value_get_enumerated(read_val,
+							     index);
+		break;
+
+	default:
+		break;
+	}
+
+	if (expected_int != read_int) {
+		/*
+		 * NOTE: The volatile attribute means that the hardware
+		 * can voluntarily change the state of control element
+		 * independent of any operation by software.  
+		 */
+		bool is_volatile = snd_ctl_elem_info_is_volatile(ctl->info);
+		ksft_print_msg("%s.%d expected %lld but read %lld, is_volatile %d\n",
+			       ctl->name, index, expected_int, read_int, is_volatile);
+		return !is_volatile;
+	} else {
+		return false;
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Write a value then if possible verify that we get the expected
+ * result.  An optional expected value can be provided if we expect
+ * the write to fail, for verifying that invalid writes don't corrupt
+ * anything.
+ */
+static int write_and_verify(struct ctl_data *ctl,
+			    snd_ctl_elem_value_t *write_val,
+			    snd_ctl_elem_value_t *expected_val)
+{
+	int err, i;
+	bool error_expected, mismatch_shown;
+	snd_ctl_elem_value_t *initial_val, *read_val, *w_val;
+	snd_ctl_elem_value_alloca(&initial_val);
+	snd_ctl_elem_value_alloca(&read_val);
+	snd_ctl_elem_value_alloca(&w_val);
+
+	/*
+	 * We need to copy the write value since writing can modify
+	 * the value which causes surprises, and allocate an expected
+	 * value if we expect to read back what we wrote.
+	 */
+	snd_ctl_elem_value_copy(w_val, write_val);
+	if (expected_val) {
+		error_expected = true;
+	} else {
+		error_expected = false;
+		snd_ctl_elem_value_alloca(&expected_val);
+		snd_ctl_elem_value_copy(expected_val, write_val);
+	}
+
+	/* Store the value before we write */
+	if (snd_ctl_elem_info_is_readable(ctl->info)) {
+		snd_ctl_elem_value_set_id(initial_val, ctl->id);
+
+		err = snd_ctl_elem_read(ctl->card->handle, initial_val);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			ksft_print_msg("snd_ctl_elem_read() failed: %s\n",
+				       snd_strerror(err));
+			return err;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Do the write, if we have an expected value ignore the error
+	 * and carry on to validate the expected value.
+	 */
+	err = snd_ctl_elem_write(ctl->card->handle, w_val);
+	if (err < 0 && !error_expected) {
+		ksft_print_msg("snd_ctl_elem_write() failed: %s\n",
+			       snd_strerror(err));
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	/* Can we do the verification part? */
+	if (!snd_ctl_elem_info_is_readable(ctl->info))
+		return err;
+
+	snd_ctl_elem_value_set_id(read_val, ctl->id);
+
+	err = snd_ctl_elem_read(ctl->card->handle, read_val);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		ksft_print_msg("snd_ctl_elem_read() failed: %s\n",
+			       snd_strerror(err));
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Check for an event if the value changed, or confirm that
+	 * there was none if it didn't.  We rely on the kernel
+	 * generating the notification before it returns from the
+	 * write, this is currently true, should that ever change this
+	 * will most likely break and need updating.
+	 */
+	if (!snd_ctl_elem_info_is_volatile(ctl->info)) {
+		err = wait_for_event(ctl, 0);
+		if (snd_ctl_elem_value_compare(initial_val, read_val)) {
+			if (err < 1) {
+				ksft_print_msg("No event generated for %s\n",
+					       ctl->name);
+				ctl->event_missing++;
+			}
+		} else {
+			if (err != 0) {
+				ksft_print_msg("Spurious event generated for %s\n",
+					       ctl->name);
+				ctl->event_spurious++;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Use the libray to compare values, if there's a mismatch
+	 * carry on and try to provide a more useful diagnostic than
+	 * just "mismatch".
+	 */
+	if (!snd_ctl_elem_value_compare(expected_val, read_val))
+		return 0;
+
+	mismatch_shown = false;
+	for (i = 0; i < snd_ctl_elem_info_get_count(ctl->info); i++)
+		if (show_mismatch(ctl, i, read_val, expected_val))
+			mismatch_shown = true;
+
+	if (!mismatch_shown)
+		ksft_print_msg("%s read and written values differ\n",
+			       ctl->name);
+
+	return -1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Make sure we can write the default value back to the control, this
+ * should validate that at least some write works.
+ */
+static void test_ctl_write_default(struct ctl_data *ctl)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	/* If the control is turned off let's be polite */
+	if (snd_ctl_elem_info_is_inactive(ctl->info)) {
+		ksft_print_msg("%s is inactive\n", ctl->name);
+		ksft_test_result_skip("write_default.%d.%d\n",
+				      ctl->card->card, ctl->elem);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	if (!snd_ctl_elem_info_is_writable(ctl->info)) {
+		ksft_print_msg("%s is not writeable\n", ctl->name);
+		ksft_test_result_skip("write_default.%d.%d\n",
+				      ctl->card->card, ctl->elem);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	/* No idea what the default was for unreadable controls */
+	if (!snd_ctl_elem_info_is_readable(ctl->info)) {
+		ksft_print_msg("%s couldn't read default\n", ctl->name);
+		ksft_test_result_skip("write_default.%d.%d\n",
+				      ctl->card->card, ctl->elem);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	err = write_and_verify(ctl, ctl->def_val, NULL);
+
+	ksft_test_result(err >= 0, "write_default.%d.%d\n",
+			 ctl->card->card, ctl->elem);
+}
+
+static bool test_ctl_write_valid_boolean(struct ctl_data *ctl)
+{
+	int err, i, j;
+	bool fail = false;
+	snd_ctl_elem_value_t *val;
+	snd_ctl_elem_value_alloca(&val);
+
+	snd_ctl_elem_value_set_id(val, ctl->id);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < snd_ctl_elem_info_get_count(ctl->info); i++) {
+		for (j = 0; j < 2; j++) {
+			snd_ctl_elem_value_set_boolean(val, i, j);
+			err = write_and_verify(ctl, val, NULL);
+			if (err != 0)
+				fail = true;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return !fail;
+}
+
+static bool test_ctl_write_valid_integer(struct ctl_data *ctl)
+{
+	int err;
+	int i;
+	long j, step;
+	bool fail = false;
+	snd_ctl_elem_value_t *val;
+	snd_ctl_elem_value_alloca(&val);
+
+	snd_ctl_elem_value_set_id(val, ctl->id);
+
+	step = snd_ctl_elem_info_get_step(ctl->info);
+	if (!step)
+		step = 1;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < snd_ctl_elem_info_get_count(ctl->info); i++) {
+		for (j = snd_ctl_elem_info_get_min(ctl->info);
+		     j <= snd_ctl_elem_info_get_max(ctl->info); j += step) {
+
+			snd_ctl_elem_value_set_integer(val, i, j);
+			err = write_and_verify(ctl, val, NULL);
+			if (err != 0)
+				fail = true;
+		}
+	}
+
+
+	return !fail;
+}
+
+static bool test_ctl_write_valid_integer64(struct ctl_data *ctl)
+{
+	int err, i;
+	long long j, step;
+	bool fail = false;
+	snd_ctl_elem_value_t *val;
+	snd_ctl_elem_value_alloca(&val);
+
+	snd_ctl_elem_value_set_id(val, ctl->id);
+
+	step = snd_ctl_elem_info_get_step64(ctl->info);
+	if (!step)
+		step = 1;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < snd_ctl_elem_info_get_count(ctl->info); i++) {
+		for (j = snd_ctl_elem_info_get_min64(ctl->info);
+		     j <= snd_ctl_elem_info_get_max64(ctl->info); j += step) {
+
+			snd_ctl_elem_value_set_integer64(val, i, j);
+			err = write_and_verify(ctl, val, NULL);
+			if (err != 0)
+				fail = true;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return !fail;
+}
+
+static bool test_ctl_write_valid_enumerated(struct ctl_data *ctl)
+{
+	int err, i, j;
+	bool fail = false;
+	snd_ctl_elem_value_t *val;
+	snd_ctl_elem_value_alloca(&val);
+
+	snd_ctl_elem_value_set_id(val, ctl->id);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < snd_ctl_elem_info_get_count(ctl->info); i++) {
+		for (j = 0; j < snd_ctl_elem_info_get_items(ctl->info); j++) {
+			snd_ctl_elem_value_set_enumerated(val, i, j);
+			err = write_and_verify(ctl, val, NULL);
+			if (err != 0)
+				fail = true;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return !fail;
+}
+
+static void test_ctl_write_valid(struct ctl_data *ctl)
+{
+	bool pass;
+	int err;
+
+	/* If the control is turned off let's be polite */
+	if (snd_ctl_elem_info_is_inactive(ctl->info)) {
+		ksft_print_msg("%s is inactive\n", ctl->name);
+		ksft_test_result_skip("write_valid.%d.%d\n",
+				      ctl->card->card, ctl->elem);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	if (!snd_ctl_elem_info_is_writable(ctl->info)) {
+		ksft_print_msg("%s is not writeable\n", ctl->name);
+		ksft_test_result_skip("write_valid.%d.%d\n",
+				      ctl->card->card, ctl->elem);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	switch (snd_ctl_elem_info_get_type(ctl->info)) {
+	case SND_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_BOOLEAN:
+		pass = test_ctl_write_valid_boolean(ctl);
+		break;
+
+	case SND_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER:
+		pass = test_ctl_write_valid_integer(ctl);
+		break;
+
+	case SND_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER64:
+		pass = test_ctl_write_valid_integer64(ctl);
+		break;
+
+	case SND_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_ENUMERATED:
+		pass = test_ctl_write_valid_enumerated(ctl);
+		break;
+
+	default:
+		/* No tests for this yet */
+		ksft_test_result_skip("write_valid.%d.%d\n",
+				      ctl->card->card, ctl->elem);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	/* Restore the default value to minimise disruption */
+	err = write_and_verify(ctl, ctl->def_val, NULL);
+	if (err < 0)
+		pass = false;
+
+	ksft_test_result(pass, "write_valid.%d.%d\n",
+			 ctl->card->card, ctl->elem);
+}
+
+static bool test_ctl_write_invalid_value(struct ctl_data *ctl,
+					 snd_ctl_elem_value_t *val)
+{
+	int err;
+	long val_read;
+
+	/* Ideally this will fail... */
+	err = snd_ctl_elem_write(ctl->card->handle, val);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return false;
+
+	/* ...but some devices will clamp to an in range value */
+	err = snd_ctl_elem_read(ctl->card->handle, val);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		ksft_print_msg("%s failed to read: %s\n",
+			       ctl->name, snd_strerror(err));
+		return true;
+	}
+
+	return !ctl_value_valid(ctl, val);
+}
+
+static bool test_ctl_write_invalid_boolean(struct ctl_data *ctl)
+{
+	int err, i;
+	long val_read;
+	bool fail = false;
+	snd_ctl_elem_value_t *val;
+	snd_ctl_elem_value_alloca(&val);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < snd_ctl_elem_info_get_count(ctl->info); i++) {
+		snd_ctl_elem_value_copy(val, ctl->def_val);
+		snd_ctl_elem_value_set_boolean(val, i, 2);
+
+		if (test_ctl_write_invalid_value(ctl, val))
+			fail = true;
+	}
+
+	return !fail;
+}
+
+static bool test_ctl_write_invalid_integer(struct ctl_data *ctl)
+{
+	int i;
+	bool fail = false;
+	snd_ctl_elem_value_t *val;
+	snd_ctl_elem_value_alloca(&val);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < snd_ctl_elem_info_get_count(ctl->info); i++) {
+		if (snd_ctl_elem_info_get_min(ctl->info) != LONG_MIN) {
+			/* Just under range */
+			snd_ctl_elem_value_copy(val, ctl->def_val);
+			snd_ctl_elem_value_set_integer(val, i,
+			       snd_ctl_elem_info_get_min(ctl->info) - 1);
+
+			if (test_ctl_write_invalid_value(ctl, val))
+				fail = true;
+
+			/* Minimum representable value */
+			snd_ctl_elem_value_copy(val, ctl->def_val);
+			snd_ctl_elem_value_set_integer(val, i, LONG_MIN);
+
+			if (test_ctl_write_invalid_value(ctl, val))
+				fail = true;
+		}
+
+		if (snd_ctl_elem_info_get_max(ctl->info) != LONG_MAX) {
+			/* Just over range */
+			snd_ctl_elem_value_copy(val, ctl->def_val);
+			snd_ctl_elem_value_set_integer(val, i,
+			       snd_ctl_elem_info_get_max(ctl->info) + 1);
+
+			if (test_ctl_write_invalid_value(ctl, val))
+				fail = true;
+
+			/* Maximum representable value */
+			snd_ctl_elem_value_copy(val, ctl->def_val);
+			snd_ctl_elem_value_set_integer(val, i, LONG_MAX);
+
+			if (test_ctl_write_invalid_value(ctl, val))
+				fail = true;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return !fail;
+}
+
+static bool test_ctl_write_invalid_integer64(struct ctl_data *ctl)
+{
+	int i;
+	bool fail = false;
+	snd_ctl_elem_value_t *val;
+	snd_ctl_elem_value_alloca(&val);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < snd_ctl_elem_info_get_count(ctl->info); i++) {
+		if (snd_ctl_elem_info_get_min64(ctl->info) != LLONG_MIN) {
+			/* Just under range */
+			snd_ctl_elem_value_copy(val, ctl->def_val);
+			snd_ctl_elem_value_set_integer64(val, i,
+				snd_ctl_elem_info_get_min64(ctl->info) - 1);
+
+			if (test_ctl_write_invalid_value(ctl, val))
+				fail = true;
+
+			/* Minimum representable value */
+			snd_ctl_elem_value_copy(val, ctl->def_val);
+			snd_ctl_elem_value_set_integer64(val, i, LLONG_MIN);
+
+			if (test_ctl_write_invalid_value(ctl, val))
+				fail = true;
+		}
+
+		if (snd_ctl_elem_info_get_max64(ctl->info) != LLONG_MAX) {
+			/* Just over range */
+			snd_ctl_elem_value_copy(val, ctl->def_val);
+			snd_ctl_elem_value_set_integer64(val, i,
+				snd_ctl_elem_info_get_max64(ctl->info) + 1);
+
+			if (test_ctl_write_invalid_value(ctl, val))
+				fail = true;
+
+			/* Maximum representable value */
+			snd_ctl_elem_value_copy(val, ctl->def_val);
+			snd_ctl_elem_value_set_integer64(val, i, LLONG_MAX);
+
+			if (test_ctl_write_invalid_value(ctl, val))
+				fail = true;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return !fail;
+}
+
+static bool test_ctl_write_invalid_enumerated(struct ctl_data *ctl)
+{
+	int err, i;
+	unsigned int val_read;
+	bool fail = false;
+	snd_ctl_elem_value_t *val;
+	snd_ctl_elem_value_alloca(&val);
+
+	snd_ctl_elem_value_set_id(val, ctl->id);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < snd_ctl_elem_info_get_count(ctl->info); i++) {
+		/* One beyond maximum */
+		snd_ctl_elem_value_copy(val, ctl->def_val);
+		snd_ctl_elem_value_set_enumerated(val, i,
+				  snd_ctl_elem_info_get_items(ctl->info));
+
+		if (test_ctl_write_invalid_value(ctl, val))
+			fail = true;
+
+		/* Maximum representable value */
+		snd_ctl_elem_value_copy(val, ctl->def_val);
+		snd_ctl_elem_value_set_enumerated(val, i, UINT_MAX);
+
+		if (test_ctl_write_invalid_value(ctl, val))
+			fail = true;
+
+	}
+
+	return !fail;
+}
+
+
+static void test_ctl_write_invalid(struct ctl_data *ctl)
+{
+	bool pass;
+	int err;
+
+	/* If the control is turned off let's be polite */
+	if (snd_ctl_elem_info_is_inactive(ctl->info)) {
+		ksft_print_msg("%s is inactive\n", ctl->name);
+		ksft_test_result_skip("write_invalid.%d.%d\n",
+				      ctl->card->card, ctl->elem);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	if (!snd_ctl_elem_info_is_writable(ctl->info)) {
+		ksft_print_msg("%s is not writeable\n", ctl->name);
+		ksft_test_result_skip("write_invalid.%d.%d\n",
+				      ctl->card->card, ctl->elem);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	switch (snd_ctl_elem_info_get_type(ctl->info)) {
+	case SND_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_BOOLEAN:
+		pass = test_ctl_write_invalid_boolean(ctl);
+		break;
+
+	case SND_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER:
+		pass = test_ctl_write_invalid_integer(ctl);
+		break;
+
+	case SND_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER64:
+		pass = test_ctl_write_invalid_integer64(ctl);
+		break;
+
+	case SND_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_ENUMERATED:
+		pass = test_ctl_write_invalid_enumerated(ctl);
+		break;
+
+	default:
+		/* No tests for this yet */
+		ksft_test_result_skip("write_invalid.%d.%d\n",
+				      ctl->card->card, ctl->elem);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	/* Restore the default value to minimise disruption */
+	err = write_and_verify(ctl, ctl->def_val, NULL);
+	if (err < 0)
+		pass = false;
+
+	ksft_test_result(pass, "write_invalid.%d.%d\n",
+			 ctl->card->card, ctl->elem);
+}
+
+static void test_ctl_event_missing(struct ctl_data *ctl)
+{
+	ksft_test_result(!ctl->event_missing, "event_missing.%d.%d\n",
+			 ctl->card->card, ctl->elem);
+}
+
+static void test_ctl_event_spurious(struct ctl_data *ctl)
+{
+	ksft_test_result(!ctl->event_spurious, "event_spurious.%d.%d\n",
+			 ctl->card->card, ctl->elem);
+}
+
+int main(void)
+{
+	struct ctl_data *ctl;
+
+	ksft_print_header();
+
+	find_controls();
+
+	ksft_set_plan(num_controls * TESTS_PER_CONTROL);
+
+	for (ctl = ctl_list; ctl != NULL; ctl = ctl->next) {
+		/*
+		 * Must test get_value() before we write anything, the
+		 * test stores the default value for later cleanup.
+		 */
+		test_ctl_get_value(ctl);
+		test_ctl_name(ctl);
+		test_ctl_write_default(ctl);
+		test_ctl_write_valid(ctl);
+		test_ctl_write_invalid(ctl);
+		test_ctl_event_missing(ctl);
+		test_ctl_event_spurious(ctl);
+	}
+
+	ksft_exit_pass();
+
+	return 0;
+}