Merge tag 'net-next-6.3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/net-nextgrafted

Pull networking updates from Jakub Kicinski:
 "Core:

   - Add dedicated kmem_cache for typical/small skb->head, avoid having
     to access struct page at kfree time, and improve memory use.

   - Introduce sysctl to set default RPS configuration for new netdevs.

   - Define Netlink protocol specification format which can be used to
     describe messages used by each family and auto-generate parsers.
     Add tools for generating kernel data structures and uAPI headers.

   - Expose all net/core sysctls inside netns.

   - Remove 4s sleep in netpoll if carrier is instantly detected on
     boot.

   - Add configurable limit of MDB entries per port, and port-vlan.

   - Continue populating drop reasons throughout the stack.

   - Retire a handful of legacy Qdiscs and classifiers.

  Protocols:

   - Support IPv4 big TCP (TSO frames larger than 64kB).

   - Add IP_LOCAL_PORT_RANGE socket option, to control local port range
     on socket by socket basis.

   - Track and report in procfs number of MPTCP sockets used.

   - Support mixing IPv4 and IPv6 flows in the in-kernel MPTCP path
     manager.

   - IPv6: don't check net.ipv6.route.max_size and rely on garbage
     collection to free memory (similarly to IPv4).

   - Support Penultimate Segment Pop (PSP) flavor in SRv6 (RFC8986).

   - ICMP: add per-rate limit counters.

   - Add support for user scanning requests in ieee802154.

   - Remove static WEP support.

   - Support minimal Wi-Fi 7 Extremely High Throughput (EHT) rate
     reporting.

   - WiFi 7 EHT channel puncturing support (client & AP).

  BPF:

   - Add a rbtree data structure following the "next-gen data structure"
     precedent set by recently added linked list, that is, by using
     kfunc + kptr instead of adding a new BPF map type.

   - Expose XDP hints via kfuncs with initial support for RX hash and
     timestamp metadata.

   - Add BPF_F_NO_TUNNEL_KEY extension to bpf_skb_set_tunnel_key to
     better support decap on GRE tunnel devices not operating in collect
     metadata.

   - Improve x86 JIT's codegen for PROBE_MEM runtime error checks.

   - Remove the need for trace_printk_lock for bpf_trace_printk and
     bpf_trace_vprintk helpers.

   - Extend libbpf's bpf_tracing.h support for tracing arguments of
     kprobes/uprobes and syscall as a special case.

   - Significantly reduce the search time for module symbols by
     livepatch and BPF.

   - Enable cpumasks to be used as kptrs, which is useful for tracing
     programs tracking which tasks end up running on which CPUs in
     different time intervals.

   - Add support for BPF trampoline on s390x and riscv64.

   - Add capability to export the XDP features supported by the NIC.

   - Add __bpf_kfunc tag for marking kernel functions as kfuncs.

   - Add cgroup.memory=nobpf kernel parameter option to disable BPF
     memory accounting for container environments.

  Netfilter:

   - Remove the CLUSTERIP target. It has been marked as obsolete for
     years, and we still have WARN splats wrt races of the out-of-band
     /proc interface installed by this target.

   - Add 'destroy' commands to nf_tables. They are identical to the
     existing 'delete' commands, but do not return an error if the
     referenced object (set, chain, rule...) did not exist.

  Driver API:

   - Improve cpumask_local_spread() locality to help NICs set the right
     IRQ affinity on AMD platforms.

   - Separate C22 and C45 MDIO bus transactions more clearly.

   - Introduce new DCB table to control DSCP rewrite on egress.

   - Support configuration of Physical Layer Collision Avoidance (PLCA)
     Reconciliation Sublayer (RS) (802.3cg-2019). Modern version of
     shared medium Ethernet.

   - Support for MAC Merge layer (IEEE 802.3-2018 clause 99). Allowing
     preemption of low priority frames by high priority frames.

   - Add support for controlling MACSec offload using netlink SET.

   - Rework devlink instance refcounts to allow registration and
     de-registration under the instance lock. Split the code into
     multiple files, drop some of the unnecessarily granular locks and
     factor out common parts of netlink operation handling.

   - Add TX frame aggregation parameters (for USB drivers).

   - Add a new attr TCA_EXT_WARN_MSG to report TC (offload) warning
     messages with notifications for debug.

   - Allow offloading of UDP NEW connections via act_ct.

   - Add support for per action HW stats in TC.

   - Support hardware miss to TC action (continue processing in SW from
     a specific point in the action chain).

   - Warn if old Wireless Extension user space interface is used with
     modern cfg80211/mac80211 drivers. Do not support Wireless
     Extensions for Wi-Fi 7 devices at all. Everyone should switch to
     using nl80211 interface instead.

   - Improve the CAN bit timing configuration. Use extack to return
     error messages directly to user space, update the SJW handling,
     including the definition of a new default value that will benefit
     CAN-FD controllers, by increasing their oscillator tolerance.

  New hardware / drivers:

   - Ethernet:
      - nVidia BlueField-3 support (control traffic driver)
      - Ethernet support for imx93 SoCs
      - Motorcomm yt8531 gigabit Ethernet PHY
      - onsemi NCN26000 10BASE-T1S PHY (with support for PLCA)
      - Microchip LAN8841 PHY (incl. cable diagnostics and PTP)
      - Amlogic gxl MDIO mux

   - WiFi:
      - RealTek RTL8188EU (rtl8xxxu)
      - Qualcomm Wi-Fi 7 devices (ath12k)

   - CAN:
      - Renesas R-Car V4H

  Drivers:

   - Bluetooth:
      - Set Per Platform Antenna Gain (PPAG) for Intel controllers.

   - Ethernet NICs:
      - Intel (1G, igc):
         - support TSN / Qbv / packet scheduling features of i226 model
      - Intel (100G, ice):
         - use GNSS subsystem instead of TTY
         - multi-buffer XDP support
         - extend support for GPIO pins to E823 devices
      - nVidia/Mellanox:
         - update the shared buffer configuration on PFC commands
         - implement PTP adjphase function for HW offset control
         - TC support for Geneve and GRE with VF tunnel offload
         - more efficient crypto key management method
         - multi-port eswitch support
      - Netronome/Corigine:
         - add DCB IEEE support
         - support IPsec offloading for NFP3800
      - Freescale/NXP (enetc):
         - support XDP_REDIRECT for XDP non-linear buffers
         - improve reconfig, avoid link flap and waiting for idle
         - support MAC Merge layer
      - Other NICs:
         - sfc/ef100: add basic devlink support for ef100
         - ionic: rx_push mode operation (writing descriptors via MMIO)
         - bnxt: use the auxiliary bus abstraction for RDMA
         - r8169: disable ASPM and reset bus in case of tx timeout
         - cpsw: support QSGMII mode for J721e CPSW9G
         - cpts: support pulse-per-second output
         - ngbe: add an mdio bus driver
         - usbnet: optimize usbnet_bh() by avoiding unnecessary queuing
         - r8152: handle devices with FW with NCM support
         - amd-xgbe: support 10Mbps, 2.5GbE speeds and rx-adaptation
         - virtio-net: support multi buffer XDP
         - virtio/vsock: replace virtio_vsock_pkt with sk_buff
         - tsnep: XDP support

   - Ethernet high-speed switches:
      - nVidia/Mellanox (mlxsw):
         - add support for latency TLV (in FW control messages)
      - Microchip (sparx5):
         - separate explicit and implicit traffic forwarding rules, make
           the implicit rules always active
         - add support for egress DSCP rewrite
         - IS0 VCAP support (Ingress Classification)
         - IS2 VCAP filters (protos, L3 addrs, L4 ports, flags, ToS
           etc.)
         - ES2 VCAP support (Egress Access Control)
         - support for Per-Stream Filtering and Policing (802.1Q,
           8.6.5.1)

   - Ethernet embedded switches:
      - Marvell (mv88e6xxx):
         - add MAB (port auth) offload support
         - enable PTP receive for mv88e6390
      - NXP (ocelot):
         - support MAC Merge layer
         - support for the the vsc7512 internal copper phys
      - Microchip:
         - lan9303: convert to PHYLINK
         - lan966x: support TC flower filter statistics
         - lan937x: PTP support for KSZ9563/KSZ8563 and LAN937x
         - lan937x: support Credit Based Shaper configuration
         - ksz9477: support Energy Efficient Ethernet
      - other:
         - qca8k: convert to regmap read/write API, use bulk operations
         - rswitch: Improve TX timestamp accuracy

   - Intel WiFi (iwlwifi):
      - EHT (Wi-Fi 7) rate reporting
      - STEP equalizer support: transfer some STEP (connection to radio
        on platforms with integrated wifi) related parameters from the
        BIOS to the firmware.

   - Qualcomm 802.11ax WiFi (ath11k):
      - IPQ5018 support
      - Fine Timing Measurement (FTM) responder role support
      - channel 177 support

   - MediaTek WiFi (mt76):
      - per-PHY LED support
      - mt7996: EHT (Wi-Fi 7) support
      - Wireless Ethernet Dispatch (WED) reset support
      - switch to using page pool allocator

   - RealTek WiFi (rtw89):
      - support new version of Bluetooth co-existance

   - Mobile:
      - rmnet: support TX aggregation"

* tag 'net-next-6.3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/netdev/net-next: (1872 commits)
  page_pool: add a comment explaining the fragment counter usage
  net: ethtool: fix __ethtool_dev_mm_supported() implementation
  ethtool: pse-pd: Fix double word in comments
  xsk: add linux/vmalloc.h to xsk.c
  sefltests: netdevsim: wait for devlink instance after netns removal
  selftest: fib_tests: Always cleanup before exit
  net/mlx5e: Align IPsec ASO result memory to be as required by hardware
  net/mlx5e: TC, Set CT miss to the specific ct action instance
  net/mlx5e: Rename CHAIN_TO_REG to MAPPED_OBJ_TO_REG
  net/mlx5: Refactor tc miss handling to a single function
  net/mlx5: Kconfig: Make tc offload depend on tc skb extension
  net/sched: flower: Support hardware miss to tc action
  net/sched: flower: Move filter handle initialization earlier
  net/sched: cls_api: Support hardware miss to tc action
  net/sched: Rename user cookie and act cookie
  sfc: fix builds without CONFIG_RTC_LIB
  sfc: clean up some inconsistent indentings
  net/mlx4_en: Introduce flexible array to silence overflow warning
  net: lan966x: Fix possible deadlock inside PTP
  net/ulp: Remove redundant ->clone() test in inet_clone_ulp().
  ...

1 files changed, 534 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/tools/usb/testusb.c b/tools/usb/testusb.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..cbaa1b9fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/usb/testusb.c
@@ -0,0 +1,534 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+/* $(CROSS_COMPILE)cc -Wall -Wextra -g -lpthread -o testusb testusb.c */
+
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2002 by David Brownell
+ * Copyright (c) 2010 by Samsung Electronics
+ * Author: Michal Nazarewicz <mina86@mina86.com>
+ */
+
+/*
+ * This program issues ioctls to perform the tests implemented by the
+ * kernel driver.  It can generate a variety of transfer patterns; you
+ * should make sure to test both regular streaming and mixes of
+ * transfer sizes (including short transfers).
+ *
+ * For more information on how this can be used and on USB testing
+ * refer to <URL:http://www.linux-usb.org/usbtest/>.
+ */
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <ftw.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <pthread.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <limits.h>
+
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+
+#include <sys/ioctl.h>
+#include <linux/usbdevice_fs.h>
+
+/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+#define	TEST_CASES	30
+
+// FIXME make these public somewhere; usbdevfs.h?
+
+struct usbtest_param {
+	// inputs
+	unsigned		test_num;	/* 0..(TEST_CASES-1) */
+	unsigned		iterations;
+	unsigned		length;
+	unsigned		vary;
+	unsigned		sglen;
+
+	// outputs
+	struct timeval		duration;
+};
+#define USBTEST_REQUEST	_IOWR('U', 100, struct usbtest_param)
+
+/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+/* #include <linux/usb_ch9.h> */
+
+#define USB_DT_DEVICE			0x01
+#define USB_DT_INTERFACE		0x04
+
+#define USB_CLASS_PER_INTERFACE		0	/* for DeviceClass */
+#define USB_CLASS_VENDOR_SPEC		0xff
+
+
+struct usb_device_descriptor {
+	__u8  bLength;
+	__u8  bDescriptorType;
+	__u16 bcdUSB;
+	__u8  bDeviceClass;
+	__u8  bDeviceSubClass;
+	__u8  bDeviceProtocol;
+	__u8  bMaxPacketSize0;
+	__u16 idVendor;
+	__u16 idProduct;
+	__u16 bcdDevice;
+	__u8  iManufacturer;
+	__u8  iProduct;
+	__u8  iSerialNumber;
+	__u8  bNumConfigurations;
+} __attribute__ ((packed));
+
+struct usb_interface_descriptor {
+	__u8  bLength;
+	__u8  bDescriptorType;
+
+	__u8  bInterfaceNumber;
+	__u8  bAlternateSetting;
+	__u8  bNumEndpoints;
+	__u8  bInterfaceClass;
+	__u8  bInterfaceSubClass;
+	__u8  bInterfaceProtocol;
+	__u8  iInterface;
+} __attribute__ ((packed));
+
+enum usb_device_speed {
+	USB_SPEED_UNKNOWN = 0,			/* enumerating */
+	USB_SPEED_LOW, USB_SPEED_FULL,		/* usb 1.1 */
+	USB_SPEED_HIGH,				/* usb 2.0 */
+	USB_SPEED_WIRELESS,			/* wireless (usb 2.5) */
+	USB_SPEED_SUPER,			/* usb 3.0 */
+	USB_SPEED_SUPER_PLUS,			/* usb 3.1 */
+};
+
+/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
+
+static char *speed (enum usb_device_speed s)
+{
+	switch (s) {
+	case USB_SPEED_UNKNOWN:		return "unknown";
+	case USB_SPEED_LOW:		return "low";
+	case USB_SPEED_FULL:		return "full";
+	case USB_SPEED_HIGH:		return "high";
+	case USB_SPEED_WIRELESS:	return "wireless";
+	case USB_SPEED_SUPER:		return "super";
+	case USB_SPEED_SUPER_PLUS:	return "super-plus";
+	default:			return "??";
+	}
+}
+
+struct testdev {
+	struct testdev		*next;
+	char			*name;
+	pthread_t		thread;
+	enum usb_device_speed	speed;
+	unsigned		ifnum : 8;
+	unsigned		forever : 1;
+	int			test;
+
+	struct usbtest_param	param;
+};
+static struct testdev		*testdevs;
+
+static int testdev_ffs_ifnum(FILE *fd)
+{
+	union {
+		char buf[255];
+		struct usb_interface_descriptor intf;
+	} u;
+
+	for (;;) {
+		if (fread(u.buf, 1, 1, fd) != 1)
+			return -1;
+		if (fread(u.buf + 1, (unsigned char)u.buf[0] - 1, 1, fd) != 1)
+			return -1;
+
+		if (u.intf.bLength == sizeof u.intf
+		 && u.intf.bDescriptorType == USB_DT_INTERFACE
+		 && u.intf.bNumEndpoints == 2
+		 && u.intf.bInterfaceClass == USB_CLASS_VENDOR_SPEC
+		 && u.intf.bInterfaceSubClass == 0
+		 && u.intf.bInterfaceProtocol == 0)
+			return (unsigned char)u.intf.bInterfaceNumber;
+	}
+}
+
+static int testdev_ifnum(FILE *fd)
+{
+	struct usb_device_descriptor dev;
+
+	if (fread(&dev, sizeof dev, 1, fd) != 1)
+		return -1;
+
+	if (dev.bLength != sizeof dev || dev.bDescriptorType != USB_DT_DEVICE)
+		return -1;
+
+	/* FX2 with (tweaked) bulksrc firmware */
+	if (dev.idVendor == 0x0547 && dev.idProduct == 0x1002)
+		return 0;
+
+	/*----------------------------------------------------*/
+
+	/* devices that start up using the EZ-USB default device and
+	 * which we can use after loading simple firmware.  hotplug
+	 * can fxload it, and then run this test driver.
+	 *
+	 * we return false positives in two cases:
+	 * - the device has a "real" driver (maybe usb-serial) that
+	 *   renumerates.  the device should vanish quickly.
+	 * - the device doesn't have the test firmware installed.
+	 */
+
+	/* generic EZ-USB FX controller */
+	if (dev.idVendor == 0x0547 && dev.idProduct == 0x2235)
+		return 0;
+
+	/* generic EZ-USB FX2 controller */
+	if (dev.idVendor == 0x04b4 && dev.idProduct == 0x8613)
+		return 0;
+
+	/* CY3671 development board with EZ-USB FX */
+	if (dev.idVendor == 0x0547 && dev.idProduct == 0x0080)
+		return 0;
+
+	/* Keyspan 19Qi uses an21xx (original EZ-USB) */
+	if (dev.idVendor == 0x06cd && dev.idProduct == 0x010b)
+		return 0;
+
+	/*----------------------------------------------------*/
+
+	/* "gadget zero", Linux-USB test software */
+	if (dev.idVendor == 0x0525 && dev.idProduct == 0xa4a0)
+		return 0;
+
+	/* user mode subset of that */
+	if (dev.idVendor == 0x0525 && dev.idProduct == 0xa4a4)
+		return testdev_ffs_ifnum(fd);
+		/* return 0; */
+
+	/* iso version of usermode code */
+	if (dev.idVendor == 0x0525 && dev.idProduct == 0xa4a3)
+		return 0;
+
+	/* some GPL'd test firmware uses these IDs */
+
+	if (dev.idVendor == 0xfff0 && dev.idProduct == 0xfff0)
+		return 0;
+
+	/*----------------------------------------------------*/
+
+	/* iBOT2 high speed webcam */
+	if (dev.idVendor == 0x0b62 && dev.idProduct == 0x0059)
+		return 0;
+
+	/*----------------------------------------------------*/
+
+	/* the FunctionFS gadget can have the source/sink interface
+	 * anywhere.  We look for an interface descriptor that match
+	 * what we expect.  We ignore configuratiens thou. */
+
+	if (dev.idVendor == 0x0525 && dev.idProduct == 0xa4ac
+	 && (dev.bDeviceClass == USB_CLASS_PER_INTERFACE
+	  || dev.bDeviceClass == USB_CLASS_VENDOR_SPEC))
+		return testdev_ffs_ifnum(fd);
+
+	return -1;
+}
+
+static int find_testdev(const char *name, const struct stat *sb, int flag)
+{
+	FILE				*fd;
+	int				ifnum;
+	struct testdev			*entry;
+
+	(void)sb; /* unused */
+
+	if (flag != FTW_F)
+		return 0;
+
+	fd = fopen(name, "rb");
+	if (!fd) {
+		perror(name);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	ifnum = testdev_ifnum(fd);
+	fclose(fd);
+	if (ifnum < 0)
+		return 0;
+
+	entry = calloc(1, sizeof *entry);
+	if (!entry)
+		goto nomem;
+
+	entry->name = strdup(name);
+	if (!entry->name) {
+		free(entry);
+nomem:
+		perror("malloc");
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	entry->ifnum = ifnum;
+	entry->next = testdevs;
+	testdevs = entry;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int
+usbdev_ioctl (int fd, int ifno, unsigned request, void *param)
+{
+	struct usbdevfs_ioctl	wrapper;
+
+	wrapper.ifno = ifno;
+	wrapper.ioctl_code = request;
+	wrapper.data = param;
+
+	return ioctl (fd, USBDEVFS_IOCTL, &wrapper);
+}
+
+static void *handle_testdev (void *arg)
+{
+	struct testdev		*dev = arg;
+	int			fd, i;
+	int			status;
+
+	if ((fd = open (dev->name, O_RDWR)) < 0) {
+		perror ("can't open dev file r/w");
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	status  =  ioctl(fd, USBDEVFS_GET_SPEED, NULL);
+	if (status < 0)
+		fprintf(stderr, "USBDEVFS_GET_SPEED failed %d\n", status);
+	else
+		dev->speed = status;
+	fprintf(stderr, "%s speed\t%s\t%u\n",
+			speed(dev->speed), dev->name, dev->ifnum);
+
+restart:
+	for (i = 0; i < TEST_CASES; i++) {
+		if (dev->test != -1 && dev->test != i)
+			continue;
+		dev->param.test_num = i;
+
+		status = usbdev_ioctl (fd, dev->ifnum,
+				USBTEST_REQUEST, &dev->param);
+		if (status < 0 && errno == EOPNOTSUPP)
+			continue;
+
+		/* FIXME need a "syslog it" option for background testing */
+
+		/* NOTE: each thread emits complete lines; no fragments! */
+		if (status < 0) {
+			char	buf [80];
+			int	err = errno;
+
+			if (strerror_r (errno, buf, sizeof buf)) {
+				snprintf (buf, sizeof buf, "error %d", err);
+				errno = err;
+			}
+			printf ("%s test %d --> %d (%s)\n",
+				dev->name, i, errno, buf);
+		} else
+			printf ("%s test %d, %4d.%.06d secs\n", dev->name, i,
+				(int) dev->param.duration.tv_sec,
+				(int) dev->param.duration.tv_usec);
+
+		fflush (stdout);
+	}
+	if (dev->forever)
+		goto restart;
+
+	close (fd);
+	return arg;
+}
+
+static const char *usb_dir_find(void)
+{
+	static char udev_usb_path[] = "/dev/bus/usb";
+
+	if (access(udev_usb_path, F_OK) == 0)
+		return udev_usb_path;
+
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static int parse_num(unsigned *num, const char *str)
+{
+	unsigned long val;
+	char *end;
+
+	errno = 0;
+	val = strtoul(str, &end, 0);
+	if (errno || *end || val > UINT_MAX)
+		return -1;
+	*num = val;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int main (int argc, char **argv)
+{
+
+	int			c;
+	struct testdev		*entry;
+	char			*device;
+	const char		*usb_dir = NULL;
+	int			all = 0, forever = 0, not = 0;
+	int			test = -1 /* all */;
+	struct usbtest_param	param;
+
+	/* pick defaults that works with all speeds, without short packets.
+	 *
+	 * Best per-frame data rates:
+	 *     super speed,bulk      1024 * 16 * 8 = 131072
+	 *                 interrupt 1024 *  3 * 8 =  24576
+	 *     high speed, bulk       512 * 13 * 8 =  53248
+	 *                 interrupt 1024 *  3 * 8 =  24576
+	 *     full speed, bulk/intr   64 * 19     =   1216
+	 *                 interrupt   64 *  1     =     64
+	 *      low speed, interrupt    8 *  1     =      8
+	 */
+	param.iterations = 1000;
+	param.length = 1024;
+	param.vary = 1024;
+	param.sglen = 32;
+
+	/* for easy use when hotplugging */
+	device = getenv ("DEVICE");
+
+	while ((c = getopt (argc, argv, "D:aA:c:g:hlns:t:v:")) != EOF)
+	switch (c) {
+	case 'D':	/* device, if only one */
+		device = optarg;
+		continue;
+	case 'A':	/* use all devices with specified USB dir */
+		usb_dir = optarg;
+		/* FALL THROUGH */
+	case 'a':	/* use all devices */
+		device = NULL;
+		all = 1;
+		continue;
+	case 'c':	/* count iterations */
+		if (parse_num(&param.iterations, optarg))
+			goto usage;
+		continue;
+	case 'g':	/* scatter/gather entries */
+		if (parse_num(&param.sglen, optarg))
+			goto usage;
+		continue;
+	case 'l':	/* loop forever */
+		forever = 1;
+		continue;
+	case 'n':	/* no test running! */
+		not = 1;
+		continue;
+	case 's':	/* size of packet */
+		if (parse_num(&param.length, optarg))
+			goto usage;
+		continue;
+	case 't':	/* run just one test */
+		test = atoi (optarg);
+		if (test < 0)
+			goto usage;
+		continue;
+	case 'v':	/* vary packet size by ... */
+		if (parse_num(&param.vary, optarg))
+			goto usage;
+		continue;
+	case '?':
+	case 'h':
+	default:
+usage:
+		fprintf (stderr,
+			"usage: %s [options]\n"
+			"Options:\n"
+			"\t-D dev		only test specific device\n"
+			"\t-A usb-dir\n"
+			"\t-a		test all recognized devices\n"
+			"\t-l		loop forever(for stress test)\n"
+			"\t-t testnum	only run specified case\n"
+			"\t-n		no test running, show devices to be tested\n"
+			"Case arguments:\n"
+			"\t-c iterations		default 1000\n"
+			"\t-s transfer length	default 1024\n"
+			"\t-g sglen		default 32\n"
+			"\t-v vary			default 1024\n",
+			argv[0]);
+		return 1;
+	}
+	if (optind != argc)
+		goto usage;
+	if (!all && !device) {
+		fprintf (stderr, "must specify '-a' or '-D dev', "
+			"or DEVICE=/dev/bus/usb/BBB/DDD in env\n");
+		goto usage;
+	}
+
+	/* Find usb device subdirectory */
+	if (!usb_dir) {
+		usb_dir = usb_dir_find();
+		if (!usb_dir) {
+			fputs ("USB device files are missing\n", stderr);
+			return -1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	/* collect and list the test devices */
+	if (ftw (usb_dir, find_testdev, 3) != 0) {
+		fputs ("ftw failed; are USB device files missing?\n", stderr);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	/* quit, run single test, or create test threads */
+	if (!testdevs && !device) {
+		fputs ("no test devices recognized\n", stderr);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	if (not)
+		return 0;
+	if (testdevs && !testdevs->next && !device)
+		device = testdevs->name;
+	for (entry = testdevs; entry; entry = entry->next) {
+		int	status;
+
+		entry->param = param;
+		entry->forever = forever;
+		entry->test = test;
+
+		if (device) {
+			if (strcmp (entry->name, device))
+				continue;
+			return handle_testdev (entry) != entry;
+		}
+		status = pthread_create (&entry->thread, 0, handle_testdev, entry);
+		if (status)
+			perror ("pthread_create");
+	}
+	if (device) {
+		struct testdev		dev;
+
+		/* kernel can recognize test devices we don't */
+		fprintf (stderr, "%s: %s may see only control tests\n",
+				argv [0], device);
+
+		memset (&dev, 0, sizeof dev);
+		dev.name = device;
+		dev.param = param;
+		dev.forever = forever;
+		dev.test = test;
+		return handle_testdev (&dev) != &dev;
+	}
+
+	/* wait for tests to complete */
+	for (entry = testdevs; entry; entry = entry->next) {
+		void	*retval;
+
+		if (pthread_join (entry->thread, &retval))
+			perror ("pthread_join");
+		/* testing errors discarded! */
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}